b)
a)
c)
«Some of the ads on TV are really funny.»
addition links
contrast links
passive forms
1 To define the term advertising
To state the purpose of the essay by saying
which points it will deal with
2
• what we buy
• the economy
3
«It makes people spend money on things
they don’t really need.»
«A lot of people work in advertising companies.»
4
• the economy
5
addition links
contrast links
6
passive forms
7
THE
PASSIVE
THE PASSIVE
Millions of people speak Spanish.
Forma
attiva
Simple
present
Spanish
is spoken BY millions of people.
Verbo
essere allo
STESSO
TEMPO
della frase
attiva
+
Participio
passato
Forma
passiva
Simple
present
THE PASSIVE
Columbus discovered America.
America was
discovered
BY Columbus.
The bricklayers have built a new gym.
A new gym
has been
built
BY the bricklayers.
The bricklayers are building a new gym.
A new gym
is being
built
BY the bricklayers.
The bricklayers will build a new gym.
A new gym
will be
built
BY the bricklayers.
The bricklayers should have built a new gym.
A new gym
should have been built BY the bricklayers.
THE PASSIVE
Spesso si usa quando non si specifica chi compie l’azione.
Parmesan is produced in Italy.
English is spoken here.
The thief was arrested two days ago.
The Berlin Wall was demolished in 1989.
Two banks were robbed last week.
Some mistakes were made in the test.
A lot of bikes are stolen in Padua every day.
‘Often’ can be pronounced in two ways.
THE PASSIVE
Verbs with
DOUBLE OBJECTS
THE PASSIVE
Alcuni verbi che in italiano sono seguiti dal complemento
oggetto e dal complemento di termine.....
Ho mandato un’ e-mail a Tim ieri.
... In inglese di solito sono seguiti da un doppio complemento
oggetto (persona + cosa) senza alcuna preposizione.
I sent Tim an e-mail yesterday.
SEND
ASK
OFFER
GIVE
SHOW
TELL
LEND
THE PASSIVE
Questi verbi alla forma passiva hanno spesso la persona (e
non la cosa) come soggetto della frase.
An e-mail was sent to Tim yesterday.
Tim was sent an email yesterday.
They offered me a drink.
I was offered a drink.
Forma più usata
They told us a lie.
We were told a lie.
Mark gave her a kiss.
They will lend us a lot of money.
She was given a kiss.
We will be lent a lot of money.
They asked Mary a question.
Mary was asked a question.
IMPERSONAL
PASSIVES
IMPERSONAL PASSIVES
con verbi come:
THINK
SAY
KNOW
EXPECT
REPORT
BELIEVE
CONSIDER
FIND
CLAIM
People think that Bill Gates is the richest man in the world.
It is thought that Bill Gates is the richest man in the world.
Bill Gates is thought to be the richest man in the world.
IMPERSONAL PASSIVES
con verbi come:
THINK
SAY
KNOW
EXPECT
REPORT
BELIEVE
CONSIDER
FIND
CLAIM
They say that language emerged 50,000 years ago.
It is said that language emerged 50,000 years ago.
Language is said to have emerged 50,000 years ago.
IMPERSONAL PASSIVES
con verbi come:
THINK
SAY
KNOW
EXPECT
REPORT
BELIEVE
CONSIDER
FIND
CLAIM
They claim that prices rose sharply in August.
It is claimed that prices rose sharply in August.
Prices are claimed to have risen sharply in August.
IMPERSONAL PASSIVES
con verbi come:
THINK
SAY
KNOW
EXPECT
REPORT
BELIEVE
CONSIDER
FIND
CLAIM
They know that pollution is causing considerable damage.
It is known that pollution is causing considerable damage.
Pollution is known to be causing considerable damage.
IMPERSONAL PASSIVES
con verbi come:
THINK
SAY
KNOW
EXPECT
REPORT
BELIEVE
CONSIDER
FIND
CLAIM
They report that ten people were injured yesterday.
It is reported that ten people were injured yesterday.
Ten people are reported to have been injured yesterday.
IMPERSONAL PASSIVES
con verbi come:
THINK
SAY
KNOW
EXPECT
REPORT
BELIEVE
CONSIDER
CLAIM
They have found that the building is unsafe.
It has been found that the building is unsafe.
The building has been found to be unsafe.
FIND
IMPERSONAL PASSIVES
con verbi come:
THINK
SAY
KNOW
EXPECT
REPORT
BELIEVE
CONSIDER
FIND
CLAIM
They think that there are too many obstacles to peace.
It is thought that there are too many obstacles to peace.
There are thought to be too many obstacles to peace.
HAVE / GET / WANT
something
DONE
L’espressione italiana ‘farsi fare qualcosa (da qualcuno)’ si
rende con la costruzione di tipo passivo:
HAVE + something + DONE
GET + something + DONE
più informale
She HAD her hair CUT.
She GOT her hair CUT.
All my neighbours HAD a burglar alarm FITTED last year.
All my neighbours GOT a burglar alarm FITTED last year.
Quando vogliamo che qualcuno faccia qualcosa o che
qualcosa accada, possiamo usare:
WANT + something + DONE
I WANT the report FINISHED by tomorrow.
Put your car in the garage. We don’t WANT it DAMAGED
in the street.
