TAB. 20.2 - RICERCHE EFFETTUATE
SANITA' ANIMALE
Acutis PL, D’Angelo A, Peletto S, Colussi S, Zuccon F, Martucci F, Mazza M,
Dell’Atti L, Corona C, Lulini B, Porcario C, Martinelli° N, Casalone C, Maurella C,
Lombardi° G
Resistenza alla scrapie classica in capre portatrici della mutazione K222 del gene della
proteina prionica (PRNP) inoculate sperimentalmente
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 47-48. 9 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4522]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Aim of this work was to investigate the genetic resistance in K222 goats after experimental
transmission of classical scrapie. Five goats carrying the genotype Q/Q at codon 222 and fi ve
222Q/K goats were intra-cerebrally inoculated with classical scrapie. All the 222Q/Q goats died of
scrapie, while four out of the five 222Q/K goats are still alive. Statistical analysis showed that
222Q/K goats present a probability of surviving signifi cantly higher than 222Q/Q animals. The
results confi rm that the K222 mutation gives protection against classical scrapie in goats.
Alberti EG, Archetti° IL, Manfredi MT, Zanzani S, B runi G, Zanatta G
Valutazione preliminare dell'infestazione da nematodi gastrointestinali in due razze caprine
allevate in Lombardia = Preliminary assessment of infection by gastrointestinal nematodes in two
goat breeds reared in Lombardy
Large Anim Rev. - Vol. 16 suppl al no 5 ( 2010). - p 55. - 4 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4644]
Congresso Nazionale SIPAOC (19 : Pesaro - Rimini : 22/25 Settembre 2010)
Alborali° L, Bellini° S, Zanoni° M, Tamba° M, Cor dioli° P
Malattia di Aujeszky : evoluzione delle attività di controllo
Osservatorio. - Vol. 13 no 2 ( 2010). - p 28-32 [Nr. Estr. 4604]
Alborali° L, Pavesi° R, Blanchaert A, Cominotti F
Prima indagine diagnostica su PCV2 e PRRSV
Prof Suinic. - Vol. 10 no 9 ( 2010). - p 12-13 [Nr. Estr. 4593]
Alborali° L, Pavesi° R, Gradassi° M, Sarli G, Zanon i° M, Salogni° C, Giovannini° S
Co-infections in PMWS field cases in Italian herds
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 463. - 11 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4424]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Alborali° LG, Gradassi° M, Pavesi° R, Boniotti° B,
Giacomini° E, Bellini° S, Pacciarini° M
Nassuato° C, Giovannini° S,
Detection of PRRSV in oral fluid samples: longitudinal study under field conditions
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 483. - 3 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4425]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Alborali° LG, Gradassi° M, Zanoni° M, Moreno_Marti n° A, Catella° A, Salogni° C,
Sozzi° E, Foni° E, Cordioli° P
Pandemic influenza virus (A/H1N1) outbreak in pig farm in north of Italy
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 585. - 8 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4427]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Amadori° M, Cristiano° A, Ferrari° M
Constitutive expression of interferons in swine leukocytes
Res Vet Sci. - Vol. 88 ( 2010). - p 64-71. - 50 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4245]
Interferon (IFN)-a and IFN- positive cells were revealed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood
mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) pigs. A low prevalence of IFN- positive
cells was also detected in PBMC of some Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
virus-infected pigs and uninfected, control pigs. IFN-a positive cells showed phenotypes of both
monocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. The presence of IFN-a in PBMC was also confirmed by
Western blotting. By immunoprecipitation, IFN-a was detected as 32 and 55–57 kDa bands in PBMC
of healthy SPF piglets. These samples were also IFN- positive; the cytokine was revealed as 24,
37 and 54 kDa bands. The unusual molecular mass values of intracellular interferons were probably
due to oligomerization, as previously described for human IFN-a. Swine intracellular IFN-a displayed
the expected antiviral activity on bovine MDBK cells. The results indicate that interferons are
constitutively expressed in swine leukocytes with peculiar molecular features.
Andreoli E, Bertoletti° I, Bianchi° A, Mattiello S
Sanitary survey of wild red deer Cervus elaphus hunted in Sondrio Province (Italy)
Folia Vet. - Vol. 54 no 1 ( 2010). - p 37-41. - 33 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4544]
To investigate the health conditions of the wild red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Sondrio Province
(Central Italian Alps) 43 blood samples, 48 lung samples, 37 pulmonary lymph nodes, 34 fragments
of diaphragms, 13 samples of small intestines and 30 faecal samples were collected from 61 red
deer culled during the 2006 hunting season (lst September—15th December). This study revealed
the presence of respiratory syncytial virus, Leptospira interrogans serovar grippotyphosa,
Mvcobacterium avium complex and gastrointestinal parasites, and confirmed the absence of
Trichinella sp., bovine pestivirus, bovine herpesvirus type 1, parainfluenza virus type 3,
Mrcobacterium bovis and M. avium subsp. para tuberculosrs. More investigations are required to
confirm the presence of Brucella spp..
Angelini P, Tamba° M, Finarelli AC, Bellini R, Albi eri A, Bonilauri° P, Cavrini F,
Dottori° M, Galbani P, Martini E, Mattivi A, Pierro AM, Rugna° G, Sambri V,
Squintani G, Macini P
West Nile virus circulation in Emilia-Romagna, Italy: the integrated surveillance system 2009
Euro Surveillance http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19547. - Vol. 15 no 16
( 2010). - 5 p. - 12 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4654]
Following a large West Nile virus (WNV) epidemic in northeastern Italy in 2008, human and animal
surveillance activities were implemented in Emilia Romagna. Human surveillance was performed by
serology or genome detection on blood and cerebrospinal fluid for all suspected cases suffering from
acute meningoencephalitis in the regional territory. Animal surveillance consisted of passive and
active surveillance of horses and active surveillance of wild birds and mosquitoes. Between 15 June
and 31 October 2009, nine of 78 possible cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease were confirmed
(three fatal). From May to October, 26 cases of neurological West Nile disease were confirmed
among 46 horses. The overall incidence of seroconversion among horses in 2009 was 13%. In
2009, 44 of 1,218 wild birds yielded positive PCR results for WNV infection. The planned veterinary
and entomological surveillance actions detected WNV activity from the end of July 2009, about 2-3
weeks before the onset of the first human neurological case. Passive surveillance of horses seems
to be an early and suitable tool for the detection of WNV activity, but it will be less sensitive in the
future, because an intensive programme of horse vaccination started in June 2009.
Apicella M, Osella E., Gambino F, Alborali° L, Zano ni° MG, Salogni° C, Bollo E,
Guarda F
Contributo allo studio delle cistiti subcliniche nelle scrofette al macello = Sublinical cystitis in
young sows: a preliminary study
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 193-197. - 12 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4354]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Gli autori hanno condotto uno studio sulla patologia della vescica, esaminando 594 vesciche di
scrofette macellate, dell’eta di 9 mesi e del peso di 150-170 kg e sottoponendo 69 campioni di urina
a esame batteriologico. In 50 (8,1%) campioni sono state rilevati focolai infi ammatori e ulcere, in 20
(3,4%) campioni catarro, uroliti e sedimenti, e in 43 (62,3%) campioni di urina sono stati isolate
diverse specie di batteri (E. coli:, Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Serratia sp., Proteus sp.).
L’istopatogenesi delle alterazioni sembra essere piuttosto semplice, secondo le fasi caratteristiche
della fl ogosi, mentre non sono ancora del tutto chiari i fattori eziologici responsabili delle lesioni
riscontrate. Scadenti condizioni di igiene ambientale, fattori stressogeni e accoppiamenti nei box
potrebbero essere responsabili della risalita dei patogeni lungo il tratto genito-urinario.
The authors have examined 594 urinary bladders of young sows aged 9 months and weighing
150-170 kg, and 69 urine samples for bacterial isolation. In 50 (8,1%) of the urinary bladder,
inflammatory foci and ulcers were detected, in 20 (3,4%) samples catarrhal material, uroliths and
sediments, and in 43 (62,3%) samples several bacterial species were isolated (E. coli,
Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Serratia sp., Proteus sp.). The histopathogenesis of the
lesions follows the characteristic stages of the infl ammatory process, while the etiological factors
responsible for the lesions are not yet fully elucidated. Poor environmental conditions, stressors and
the coitus may be responsible for ascending infections of the urinary tract.
Arioli E, Caleffi A, Luppi° A, Bonilauri° P, Maioli ° G, Dottori° M, Marco E
Programma di eradicazione di Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in un allevamento suino =
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae eradication program in a pig herd
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 402-413. - 2 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4365]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Gli Autori descrivono i risultati dell’applicazione di un programma di eradicazione per Actinobacillus
pleuropneumoniae (APP) in un allevamento suino italiano, dove la pleuropolmonite da APP
costituiva il problema più importante dal punto di vista delle perdite sul ciclo produttivo.
Nell’allevamento in esame un ceppo di APP biotipo 1 sierotipo 9 è stato ripetutamente isolato nel
periodo 2005-2008. Nello stesso periodo, le indagini sierologiche per la ricerca di anticorpi nei
confronti di APP, hanno sempre evidenziato elevate sieroprevalenze negli animali di tutte le
categorie produttive. Il programma di eradicazione ha previsto l’impiego del depopolamento parziale
delle scrofe e completo degli animali al di sotto di 10 mesi d’età; inoltre è stato associato a vari
trattamenti antibiotici con enrofl oxacin e fluorfenicolo nelle scrofe e con tulatromicina nei suinetti. Gli
antibiotici impiegati sono stati scelti sulla base dei risultati delle MIC (minima concentrazione
inibente) eseguite sul ceppo di APP ripetutamente isolato. II livello di biosicurezza è stato valutato
all’inizio del programma di eradicazione ed implementato durante tutto il suo svolgimento, con lo
scopo di ridurre il rischio di reintroduzione di APP nell’allevamento. I rilievi clinici e di laboratorio
dopo l’inizio del programma di eradicazione non hanno evidenziato la circolazione di APP
nell’allevamento stesso. I risultati dell’applicazione della griglia SPES (sistema di valutazione delle
pleuriti al macello), su polmoni provenienti da partite di suini prima e dopo l’attuazione del
programma di eradicazione, hanno evidenziato rispettivamente una elevata incidenza delle pleuriti
dorso-caudali, fortemente indicative di precedenti pleuropolmoniti da APP (grado 2,3 e 4) nei primi e
la totale assenza nei secondi. I dati produttivi dell’allevamento (indice di conversione, omogeneità
delle partite al macello, durata del ciclo produttivo, ecc.) hanno subito un notevole miglioramento in
seguito all’applicazione del programma di eradicazione.
The Authors describe the Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) eradication program application
results in a pig Italian herd in which APP disease had a very important economic impact reducing pig
production. From 2005 to 2008 APP biovar 1 serotype 9 was isolated repeatedly from the herd and a
very high seroprevalence for APP was observed. The eradication program used partial depopulation
of sow and a complete depopulation of animal under 10 months of age, coupled with treatment with
enrofl oxacin and fl uorfenicol in sow and tulatromycin in piglets. The antimicrobials were selected on
the basis of MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) results of APP strain isolated in the herd. The
level of bio-security was considered before eradication and implemented during the program
application, in order to reduce the risk of APP reinfection in the herd. Twelve months after the
starting of the eradication program, the clinical and laboratory findings suggested that the APP
eradication had succeeded in this herd. The comparative application and results of slaughterhouse
pleurisy evaluation system (SPES) on lungs belonging to batches of pigs before and after the
application of the eradication program showed a high and absent incidence of pleural lesions
associated to APP infection (grade 2, 3 and 4) respectively. Production data showed an
improvement after the eradication program application.
Arrigoni° N, Belletti° GL, Cammi° G, Garbarino° C
Mastite bovina da Mycoplasma
Large Anim Rev. - Vol. 16 ( 2010). - p 35-38. - 6 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4292]
Convegno Nazionale SIVAR : Verona : 4 febbraio 2010)
Arrigoni° N, Belletti° GL, Cammi° G, Garbarino° C,
Ricchi° M
Mastite bovina da Prototheca
Large Anim Rev. - Vol. 16 ( 2010). - p 39-43.- 30 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4291]
Convegno Nazionale SIVAR : Verona : 4 febbraio 2010)
Ayling R, Faye G, Mcauliffe L, Barden G, Nicholas RAJ, Garbarino° C, Merenda°
M, Luini° M
Analysis of Mycoplasma bovis isolates from bovine milk in Northern Italy
XXVI World Buiatrics Congress : November 14-18, 2010 Santiago, Chile : abstracts / [s.l. : s. n.,
2010]. - cd-rom [Nr. Estr. 4704]
World Buiatrics Congress (26th : Santiago, Chile : November 14-18, 2010)
Mycoplasma bovis, the agent responsible for bovine MASTITIS, arthritis and pneumonia has been
reported to be causing clinical disease in dairy herds in the regions Lombardia and Emilia Romagna
in Italy with an increase seen in outbreaks of MASTITIS from 5 in 2007 to 38 in 2009. Surveillance
for M. bovis has increased in these regions and studies have been undertaken to investigate the
molecular epidemiology, mechanisms of virulence and antimicrobial sensitivity of these isolates.
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) was applied to 28 M. bovis isolates using the restriction
enzyme SmaI. The PFGE results enabled the grouping of isolates based on their genetic profiles,
showing the clustering of farms within close proximity of each other indicating that the same strain
type is most likely circulating on these farms. Conversely, a high level of diversity was observed on
one farm (farm A) where only 50% similarity was displayed between isolates. The antimicrobial
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined against 14 antimicrobials. The MIC values
demonstrated the ineffectiveness of many antimicrobials in vitro with values of more than >32 µg/ml;
The MIC values obtained linked to the source farm. Isolates from farm A all had high MIC values
against the lincosamides, whereas farms C, D and H which were neighbouring farms were
consistently high against spectinomycin, while farm G had high MIC values against the
fluoroquinolones. However the MIC profiles did not correlate with the PFGE profiles. Biofilm studies
were also undertaken using a glass coverslip model in Eaton's medium to provide an air/liquid
interface. Cells were incubated for 2 weeks at 37°C allowing the formation of a biofilm. The M. bovis
isolates exhibited a wide range of biofilm forming abilities however they did not correlate with the
PFGE or MIC results. The most prolific biofilm formers were present in farm G, with all other farms
showing mixed variability in biofilm formation. These varying techniques can be applied in
combination to help understand and characterise M. bovis outbreaks.
Bassi° S, Carpana E, Carra° E, Pongolini° S
Diagnosi pre-clinica di peste americana mediante l’esame dei detriti invernali
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV), 2010]. - p 132-134.
- 4 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4507]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
An early and indirect identifi cation of Paenibacillus larvae infections in honey bee colony makes
possible to act before the onset of clinical symptoms in order to avoid the spreading of the pathogen
agent to other colonies. This work provides a contribution in regard to early diagnosis. We have
checked if, and in which size, the research of Paenibacillus larvae spores in debris collected in
beehive at the end of winter allowed to predict the development of the disease during the season of
production. The results obtained are encouraging
.
Bassi° S, Carra° E , Carpana E, Paganelli° GL, Pong olini° S
A scientific note on the detection of spores of Paenibacillus larvae in naturally and artificially
contaminated honey: comparison of cultural and molecular methods
Apidologie. - Vol. 41 no 4 ( 2010). - p 425-427 - 11 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4242]
Bassi° S, Carra° E, Carpana E, Rugna° G, Pongolini° S
Ricerca delle spore di Paenibacillus larvae nel miele: valutazione dei risultati ottenuti con
diversi protocolli di lavoro
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV), 2010]. - p 135-136.
- 8 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4506]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Honey produced by Paenibacillus larvae infected honeybee colonies is contaminated by the spores
of this bacterium and their detection in honey makes possible an early identifi cation of subclinical
infections. Bacterial culture with colony counting and identifi cation of the suspected colonies is the
reference method for Paenibacillus larvae spores assessment in honey. A harmonization of the
diagnostic techniques for this bacteriological test is favourable. The work provides a contribution in
this regard
.
Battisti A, Franco A, Hasman H, Iurescia M, Lorenzetti D, Feltrin F, Zini M,
Aarestrup FM, Merialdi° G
Survey of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from Italian pig finishing
holdings
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 954. - 2 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4595]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Battisti A, Franco A, Merialdi° G, Hasman H, Iuresc ia M, Lorenzetti R, Feltrin F, Zini
M, Aarestrup FM
Heterogeneity among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Italian pig finishing
holdings
Vet Microbiol. - Vol. 142 ( 2010). - p 361-366. - 33 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4219]
A survey for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in finishing pig holdings was
carried out in Italy in 2008. MRSA isolates were characterised by spa-, MLST-, SCCmec- and
antimicrobial susceptibility typing. A prevalence of 38% (45/118, 95% CI 29.4–46.9%) positive
holdings was observed. Eleven different spa-types were found among 102 MRSA isolates, clustering
in lineages associated with farm animals (ST398, ST9, ST(CC)97 in 36 holdings) and humans (ST1,
7 holdings). Nine (7.6%) holdings were positive for two, three or four different and unrelated
spa-types in various combinations. ST398 was the most prevalent lineage (33 positive holdings).
The most prevalent spa-type was t899 (ST398), detected in 22 positive holdings. Three novel
spa-types (t4794 of ST9; t4795 of ST97; t4838 of ST398) were detected. Ten holdings were positive
for spa-type t1730, that proved to be a new single-locus variant of ST97, within the CC97 (ST1476).
The most prevalent SCCmec was Type V (79 isolates), while Type IVb was found in 10 isolates.
None of the isolates was positive for Panton-Valentine Leukocidin, while most of the t127 and t1730
isolates, one t4794, one t4795, and one t2922 were positive for LukE-LukD genes. All 64
antimicrobial susceptibility tested isolates were resistant to tetracyclines, with high resistance rates
to trimethoprim (68.8%), erythromycin (60.9%), and ciprofloxacin (35.4%). All t127, ST1 isolates
were resistant to tetracycline–ciprofloxacin–erythromycin. This survey provides the first report of
MRSA ST1 and ST(CC)97 among pigs and the first report of MRSA ST9 from pigs in Europe. The
presence of human-associated CA-MRSA (t127, ST1, SCCmec type V) in 6% holdings surveyed
can represent an additional MRSA reservoir for infections in humans.
Bellini R, Bonilauri° P, Angelini P, Albieri A, Ver onesi R, Calzolari° M, Dottori° M,
Tamba° M, Venturi L, Borrini B, Martini E
West Nile virus activity in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy, 2008-2009)
European Mosquito Control Association Annual Meeting 2010 : March 28 - April 1 Friday 2010
Lexingtone, KY / [s.l. : s. n., 2010]. - 4580]
European Mosquito Control Association Annual Meeting : Lexingtone, KY : March 28 - April 1
Friday 2010)
During the late summer 2008 a-large epidemic of West Nile virus occurred in North-Fast Italy
involving an area of more than 7,000 Kmsq in 3 Regions (Lombardia, Veneto, Emilia-Romagna).
This was the largest epidemic ever recorded in the country. Following the first evidence in equine
and birds an active entomologicall surveillance plan was started byte Emilia-Romagna Surveillance
Group on Vectorial Disease. Mosquito collection was conducted by CO2 baited traps specifically
positioned in 78 sites. Totally in the period September 3 - October 23, more than 20,000 mosquitoes
were analysed by RT-PCR. Two pools of Cx. pipiens collected at the end of September in different
localities tested positive for WN virus. In the 2009 summer the surveillance was activated focusing
on sentinel equine, residential birds and mosquitoes. Mosquito collection was conducted in the
period week 25-42 by CO2 traps in 92 fixed stations with weekly to monthly periodicity.Totally more
than 178,000 mosquitoes were collected, pooled and analyzed (1,612 pools of < 200
individuals/pool}. Cx. pipiens resulted the most abundant species (84.02%} followed by Ae. caspíus
(13.05%), Ae. vexans (2.00%), Ae. a/bopictus (0.55%}, Cx. modestus (0.14%), An, maculipennis s.l.
(0.03%), Ae. dorsal~s (0.007%), Ae. detritus (0.003%}.. Twenty-seven pools, all consisted of Cx,
pipiens, resulted positive. Early positive pools were collected in the Province of Reggio Emilia at the
end of ]uly. The highest MIR values (1.02-1.59} were recorded in August in the Provinces of Reggio
Emilia and Modena. Of 1,091 wild birds tested 42 (3.8%) resulted positive to WNV. Except for a
magpie caught in May, positive wild birds were detected starting from the end of )uly. Most of
infected wild birds were corvids (magpies, carrion crows and jays). The 2009 overall incidence in
horses was estimated between 10%and 16%, with 23 neurological WND equine confirmed cases
starting in the second half of ]uly and picking between Mid-August and Mid-September. At the end of
the season 9 human cases have been confirmed in the Region. The persistence of WN activity in
the Po plain for two consecutive years indicates that the area is becoming suitable for WN
establishment and possible endemicity, stressing the need to organize standard surveillance
measures aimed to the early detection of WN activity and risk evaluation in public health.
Bellini R, Bonilauri° P, Angelini P, Natalini S, Al bieri A, Veronesi R, Calzolari° M,
Dottori° M, Tamba° M
West Nile virus surveillance in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy), 2008-2009-2010
17th European Society for Vector Ecology Conference (ESOVE) : Monday 13th September - Friday
17th September 2010 : Wroclaw, Poland : preliminary programme / [s.l : s.n., 2010]. - 4581]
European Society for Vector Ecology Conference (ESOVE) (17th : Wroclaw, Poland : Monday
13th September - Friday 17th September 2010)
Bellini° S, Alborali° L, Massirio I, Cinotti° S
Evoluzione del comparto suinicolo in Italia : criticità e fattori di rischio
Osservatorio. - Vol. 13 no 2 ( 2010). - p 1-8 [Nr. Estr. 4601]
Bellini° S, Alborali° L, Zanardi° G, Bonazza° V, Br occhi° E
Swine vesicular disease in northern Italy: diffusion through densely populated pig areas
Rev Sci Tech OIE. - Vol. 29 no 3 ( 2010). - p 639-648. - 13 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4572]
At the end of 2006, a recrudescence of swine vesicular disease (SVD) was recorded in Italy and the
disease spread widely throughout the northern regions. Lombardy, a densely populated pig area,
was most affected and the presence of the disease caused heavy economic losses to the entire pig
industry. Although SVD is considered only moderately contagious, the epidemic in the north was
characterised by a rapid spread of the condition. Numerous difficulties were encountered in
eradicating it. Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the population of pigs
in Lombardy, concentrated mainly in a few areas which were the most severely affected during the
2006 to 2007 SVD epidemic. Increases in both the pig population and animal movements, combined
with weak biosecurity measures, increased the spread rate of the disease and hampered eradication
activities.
Bellini° S, Grazioli° S, Nassuato° C, Lombardi° G,
P, Dekker A
Martinelli° N, Bugnetti° M, Eblè
An experimental infection with swine vesicular disease virus in pregnant sows to determine
the duration of passive immunity in piglets
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., c2010]. - p 178 [Nr. Estr. 4470]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Benedetti° D, Pezzoni° G, Grazioli° S, Barbieri° I,
Brocchi° E
Comparative performance of three genome amplification assays for detection of Swine
Vesicular Disease virus in experimental and field samples
1st Congress of the European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) :
15-17 September 2010 Lelystad, The Netherlands : abstracts / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - p. O-2-09. - 2 bib
ref [Nr. Estr. 4467]
Congress of the European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) (1st :
Lelystad, the Netherlands : 15-17 September 2010)
Benedetti° D, Pezzoni° G, Grazioli° S, Barbieri° I,
Brocchi° E
Comparazione delle performance diagnostiche di tre saggi di amplificazione genomica per il
rilevamento del virus della malattia vescicolare suina
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 65-66. 4 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4519]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Swine Vesicular Disease (SVD) is controlled in Italy by a surveillance and eradication program.
Virological surveillance in faecal samples is based on molecular tests. In the present study
diagnostic performances of a classic one-step RT-PCR, routinely applied in the national plan, were
compared with those of Realtime RT-PCR and of a simple and rapid RT-LAMP using a wide panel of
positive fi eld and experimental samples. The assays showed a signifi cant difference in capability to
detect isolates of the two SVDV sub-lineages currently circulating, with LAMP and Real-Time PCR
unable to amplify genomes of the Portuguese sublineage. The one-step RT-PCR remains the best
test, while Real- Time PCR may achieve the same diagnostic performance only if each sample is run
in duplicate with two primers/probe sets
.
Benedetti° V, Cremonesi P, Ferrari° S, Castiglioni B, Fabbi° M, Vicari° N,
Garbarino° C, Battisti A, Franco A, Feltrin F, Lui ni° M
Staphylococcus aureus meticillino-resistente (MRSA) da campioni di latte bovino =
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from bovine milk samples
Large Anim Rev. - Vol. 16 ( 2010). - p 67-70. - 22 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4481]
Scopo - Staphylococcus aureus meticillino-resistente (MRSA) è uno dei più importanti patogeni per
l'uomo legato a infezioni ospedaliere e nelle comunità. MRSA sono stati segnalati anche negli
animali d'allevamento e più recentemente riportati come causa di mastite bovina in Belgio e
Germania_ Lo scopo di questo lavoro è stato quello di indagare la presenza di MRSA isolati nel
corso della routine diagnostica per mastiti in allevamenti della Pianura Padana e di effettuarne la
caratterizzazione. Risultati - Nel periodo ottobre 2008 / febbraio 2010 sono stati isolati 2875 ceppi di
S. aureus, dei quali 425, rappresentativi de-gli allevamenti di provenienza, analizzati per
meticillino-resistenza, mediante test di diffusione in agar per oxacillina e con PCR per il gene mecA.
Sono stati isolati 55 ceppi di MRSA provenienti da 20 diversi allevamenti di bovine da latte.
Quattordici MR-SA scelti casualmente sono stati sottoposti a genotipizzazione per verificare la
presenza dei principali fattori di patogenicità conosciuti e caratterizzati per spa-typing, MLST e
SCCmec typing. La caratterizzazione dei ceppi MRSA ha mostrato la maggior frequenza di ST398,
spa-typing t899, profilo tipico dei ceppi denominati Livestock-Associated MRSA (LA-MRSA). Un
ceppo è risultato appartenente al genotipo t355, ST152, associato ad infezioni umane. Quattro
MRSA sono risultati enterotossinogeni. Conclusioni - MRSA sono presenti in diversi allevamenti
bovini della Pianura Padana e possono rappresentare tiri serbatoio di infezione per l'uomo, in
particolare per gli addetti alla zootecnia e un rischio di tossinfezione attraverso la contaminazione
de-gli alimenti. Mastiti contagiose da MRSA dovrebbero essere considerate con maggiore
attenzione attraverso l'applicazione di più rigide azioni di controllo.
Aim - Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most important hospital and
community-acquired pathogen. MRSA are also reported in farm animal and more recently reported
as cause of bovine mastitis in Belgium and Germany. The aim of this study was to asses tbc
presence of MRSA in some herds of tbc Po Valley and provi-de further characterization of tbc
isolates. Results - Between October 2008 and February 2010, 2875 strains of S. aureus were
isolateti from different herds. A sample of 425 strains, representative of different farrns of origin,
were tested for methicillin-resistance by oxacillin agar diffusion test and nrecA gene PCR. 55 MRSA
strains were isolated from 20 different dairy farms. Fourteen MRSA randomly selected, were
genotyped for the presence of tbc main recognized virulence factors and characterized by
spa-typing, MLST and SCCmec typing. The characterization of tbc MRSA strains showed higher
frequency of ST398, t899 spa-typing, tbc typical profile of livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA). A
strain was belonging to genotype t355, ST152, associated with human infections. Four MRSA were
enterotoxigenic. Conclusions - MRSA are present in several cattle herds in tbc Po Valley and may
represent a reservoir of infection for humans, in particular for those involved in animal husbandry,
and a foodborne risk through the contamination of the food chain. Management of contagious MRSA
mastitis should consider strict contro] measures and eradication among effective options.
Benedetti° V, Parisi A, Miccolupo A, Castiglioni V, Vezzoli° F, Piccinini R, Scanziani
E, Luini° M
Microbiological and immunohystochemical study of Campylobacter jejuni intramammary
infection in dairy cows
XXVI World Buiatrics Congress : November 14-18, 2010 Santiago, Chile : abstracts / [s.l. : s. n.,
2010]. - cd-rom [Nr. Estr. 4540]
World Buiatrics Congress (26th : Santiago, Chile : November 14-18, 2010)
Objective: Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of food-borne disease in developed countries.
Poultry products are considered the most common source of human infection, but unpasteurised
cow milk is also a significant source. C. jejuni is a frequent inhabitant of cattle intestine, while
intramammary infection was rarely reported. In our study, we evaluated microbiological and
pathological findings in three cases of C. jejuni intramammary infection of dairy cows. Methodology:
In three dairy farms showing the presence of C. jejuni in the bulk milk, composite or quarter milk
samples were taken. At slaughter, udder, liver, bile and intestinal tracts were collected from 3 cows.
Samples were cultured in Bolton broth and plated after 48h on mCCD and Skirrow agar after
filtration through 0.45 µm membrane. Suspected colonies were Gram stained and identified with a C.
coli / C. jejuni multiplex-PCR. All C. jejuni strains were genotyped using MLST. Tissue samples were
processed for histological evaluation and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and
immunohistochemically for detection of Campylobacter spp. antigen. Results: C. jejuni was isolated
from the milk samples of 1 cow from each of the herds. C. jejuni was also isolated from the
mammary tissue and the intestine of these 3 cows (cases A, B and C). The strains from the 3 farms
belonged to different Sequence Types (STs). Moreover, the strains infecting the mammary gland
were different from those identified in the intestine. In two cows, different STs were also evidenced
in different intestinal tracts of the same animal. In the three cases examined, aspecific findings of
mild to moderate neutrophilic MASTITIS, lymphoplasmacytic galactophoritis and lymphoplasmacytic
enteritis were observed. Campylobacter spp. antigen was detectable by immunohistochemistry only
in small intestine of case A and in small and large intestine of case B. Conclusions: MLST analysis
evidenced a high diversity among isolates, both inter- and intra-herds. As expected, C. jejuni from
milk and mammary tissues of each animal belonged to the same ST, but these mammary strains
were different from those found in the intestine. The results of this study suggest that intramammary
infection occur more likely from the environment by intracanalicular route, rather than from
autogenous infection from intestine. Further, the presence of C. jejuni would not related with specific
lesions of the mammary gland.
Benedetti° V, Parisi A, Miccolupo A, Vezzoli° F, Lu ini° M
Genotyping of C. jejuni isolated from cases of bovine mammary infection
1st Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) : 15-17
September, 2010 Lelystad, The Netherlands : abstract / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - P-2-19. - 5 bib ref [Nr.
Estr. 4703]
Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) (1st : Lelystad,
The Netherlands : 15-17 September, 2010)
Bertocchi° L
Managment e sanità della mammella
Allevatore Veneto. - Vol. no 1 ( 2010). - p 16-19 [Nr. Estr. 4557]
Bertocchi° L, Bolzoni° G, Zanardi° G, Nassuato° C,
Varisco° G
Bonometti G, Benicchio S,
Conteggio di unita’ formanti colonia di Staphilococcus aureus nel latte di massa come dato
predittivo del livello d’infezione intra-allevamento
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 45-46. 3 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4521]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Aim of this work is to review the predictive model developed in 2005 regarding bulk milk tank (BMT)
analysis as a tool for epidemiological surveillance system on herd’s Staphylococcus aureus infection
level. The comparison between BMT analysis results and single cow milk (SCM) analysis results
was investigated to verify the relationship between BMT S. aureus UFC value and dairy herds
infection rate. Statistical analysis shows that within herds the prevalence is 1.98 greater (exp 0.68)
every one UFC log unit (p<0.001). Results obtained confi rm the signifi cative statistical relationship
between UFC, in log, and cows’ infection rate; BMT analysis is a valid tool to evaluate dairy herds
infection prevalence
.
Bertocchi° L, Dusi° G, Vismara° F, Daga° S, Arioli
F, Casati A, Pompa G
Preliminary observations of the presence of prednisolone in dairy cattle urine samples
XXVI World Buiatrics Congress : November 14-18, 2010 Santiago, Chile : abstracts / [s.l. : s. n.,
2010]. - cd-rom [Nr. Estr. 4539]
World Buiatrics Congress (26th : Santiago, Chile : November 14-18, 2010)
Objectives: In the years 2008-09 the Lombardy region has supported a research with the purpose to
detect the presence of drug residues in urine and liver samples collected from cattle at the
slaughterhouse. All liver samples resulted to be negative, while the 72% of samples of urine were
positive for prednisolone presence. Due to the high number of positive samples it was hypothesized
that the stress transport and pre-slaughter conditions could lead to the production of prednisolone in
urine. In order to confirm this hypothesis bovine dairy cattle were treated with adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH) to simulate stress condition.. Materials and methods: Three Holstein Fresian cows
(multiparous, non-pregnant, over 200 days lactating with 29 kg/day mild milk production), were
selected. Urine samples were obtained by bladder catheterization before and after the double
intramuscular treatment with 1 ml of Sinacthen (Defiant Pharmaceutical) which corresponds to 200
IU of ACTH. Samples were collected at the start of the investigation, after treatment and the time of
slaughter (tab. 1). Urine analyses to detect predinisolone presence were performed at the Anabolic
and drug residue laboratory of IZSLER with LC-MS/MS system and limit of quantification of 0.58
ng/ml. Results: At the start of the study, all cows were negative for two samples before treatment. In
contrast,, all urine samples collected at two and six hours after treatment were positive with
prednisolone values between 0.69 and 1,48 ppb. Moreover, with the exception of bovine no. 815 (
sample collected at 42nd hour) no drug was detected in the samples collected 18 and 42 hours after
treatment. All samples after transport and slaughter resulted to be positive with prednisolone values
between 0.63 and 0,82 ppb. Conclusions: The presence of prednisolone after ACTH treatment
seems to suggest the possibility that this molecule could be physiologically produced. Other studies
need to be performed in order to confirm this hypothesis and to clarify the metabolic pathway.
Bertocchi° L, Rumi S, Cerioli° M, Compiani R, Sgoif o_Rossi CA
Bovino da carne work in progress
Inf Zootec. - Vol. 57 no 16 ( 2010). - p 27-33 [Nr. Estr. 4562]
Biagetti M, Mazzone P, Ciullo M, Pacciarini° ML, Ta gliabue° S, Pittau M, Lauterio
C, De_Montis A
Rapid molecular identification of Mycobacteria by chip
1st Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) : 15-17
September, 2010 Lelystad, The Netherlands : abstract / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - P-3-11. - 4 bib ref [Nr.
Estr. 4658]
Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) (1st : Lelystad,
The Netherlands : 15-17 September, 2010)
Billi L, Dall’Ara A, Golfari G, Massi° P, Poglayen G
Tecnologia biologica per il trattamento di pollina di ovaiole (brev. europeo Ep 1314710 A1):
ottimizzazione per carbonio e azoto
XLIX Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare (SIPA) : 29-30 Aprile 2010 Forlì : atti /
Parma : La Ducale, 2010. - p 89-96-. - 6 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4536]
Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (49 : Forli' : 29-30 Aprile 2010)
L’obiettivo è ottimizzare il contenuto di azoto e carbonio per mezzo di un trattamento biologico che
supera la gestione delle deiezioni come sottoprodotto da smaltire per mezzo di un processo di
igienizzazione per ottenere un fertilizzante commerciale di qualità, che migliora le caratteristiche del
suolo, potenzia la fertilità e recupera verso la desertificazione. Test sono stati condotti in
allevamento intensivo su pollina disidratata con MDS (manure drying system) e collocata in big bags
(bioreattori da 1 m3). E’ stato stilato un piano sperimentale con la metodologia DOE (Design of
Experiments), che è una metodologia di progettazione statistica utilizzata per descrivere un sistema
biologico complesso. E’ stato condotto un esperimento fattoriale completo 22 (full factorial), con
fattori significativi l’umidità iniziale della pollina (63%, 71%, 80%) e tempo di maturazione (38, 81,
123 giorni). E’ stato testato anche un trattamento in cumulo, in parallelo. I parametri di risposta sono
stati TOC, TKN, anche il pH, l’umidità, la sostanza volatile e la conducibilità elettrica sono stati
misurati. Il tempo necessario per la maturazione è stato definito in base alle risposte di
sanitizzazione. I risultati ottenuti hanno evidenziato come il processo di igienizzazione mantenga
inalterato il tenore di carbonio e nutrienti (azoto). Il fertilizzante fi nale inoltre è caratterizzato da alto
contenuto di carbonio, tipico di un ammendante.
The project is an engineered system of laying hen manure (LHM) sanitation through the application
of new biological technologies (bio-treatment). The goal is to optimize nutrient and organic content
by means of a biotreatment which overcomes the management of manure (livestock outputs) as
waste by
means of sanitation process to obtain quality marketable fertilizer, that improves the soil structure,
enhances its fertility and rehabilitates for predesertifi cation. From nutrient point of view, the purpose
was to maximize nutrient (Nitrogen) and Carbon content. Bio-Treatment tests were performed in an
Intensive farming with MDS (manure drying system), inside big-bags (1 m3). The experimental
planning was developed with application of Design of Experiment (DOE), that is a methodology for
statistical design of an experiment used to describe a complex biological process. Full factorial 22
plan was adopted where vital factors were initial LHM humidity (60%, 70%, 80%) and maturation
time (38, 81, 123 d). A comparative pile treatment was performed. 90 Response parameters were
TOC, TKN; also pH, DM, VS and electrical conductivity were measured. Time needed for maturation
and sanitation, according to Regulation CE/208/2006, were defined. Carbon and nitrogen loss were
assessed, and referred to mass losses. Because of the low effects on percentage content, sanitation
bioprocess does not reduce Nitrogen and carbon content. Final fertilizer is characterized by high
carbon content, enough for amendment.
Bonilauri° P, Calzolari° M, Bellini R, Carra° E, De filippo° F, Maioli° G, Tamba° M,
Angelini P, Cordioli° P, Dottori° M
West Nile virus and usutu virus activity in field collected mosquitoes in Emila-Romagna
Region (IT), in 2009
International Workshop Zoonotic and Vector-Borne CNS infections : 22-23 April 2010,
Braunschweig, Germany / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - 1 p. - 7 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4591]
International Workshop Zoonotic and Vector-Borne CNS infections : Braunschweig, Germany :
22-23 April 2010)
Bonoli A, Dall’Ara A, Gagliardi S, Golfari G, Massi° P, Nonni S, Poglayen G
Tecnologia biologica per il trattamento di pollina di ovaiole (brev. europeo ep 1314710 a1):
valutazione economica della produzione in situ del fertilizzante
XLIX Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare (SIPA) : 29-30 Aprile 2010 Forlì : atti /
Parma : La Ducale, 2010. - p 97-111. - 5 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4556]
Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (49 : Forli' : 29-30 Aprile 2010)
Vengono riportate le valutazioni tecniche ed economiche relative alla trasformazione di pollina di
ovaiole stabulate in gabbia in un prodotto (fertilizzante) commerciale di qualità tramite un processo
brevettato in Italia ed in Europa. I risultati relativi agli effetti di igienizzazione e di conformità alle
normative sui fertilizzanti sono riportati in lavori paralleli. Scopo del progetto è rendere la pollina una
fonte di guadagno per l’allevatore ed una fonte di risparmio per l’agricoltore (utilizzatore finale). I
sottoprodotti sono trasformati in prodotti commerciali direttamente presso l’allevamento (on farm),
mediante sistemi semplifi cati che assicurano l’igienizzazione; per contenere i costi, tutte le
operazioni non necessarie sono minimizzate, ad es. non si prevede la pellettizzazione e in alcuni
casi neanche il confezionamento. Il VAN (valore attuale netto) è il metodo utilizzato per le valutare la
convenienza economica per l’allevatore, che può essere anche il produttore del fertilizzante. Sono
analizzati due step: i) la vendita della pollina allo stato sfuso (alla rinfusa); ii) la vendita del prodotto
confezionato in big bag. In entrambi i casi sono state esaminate le soluzioni distributive B2C
(vendita diretta al consumatore) e B2B (vendita attraverso distributore). Nel caso di vendita di pollina
allo stato sfuso, i VAN in entrambi i casi (B2C e B2B) sono positivi, pertanto il progetto può essere
considerato conveniente per l’allevamento. Nel secondo si registrano VAN positivi, ma di importo
molto limitato.
The technical and economical viability of converting laying hen manure in a marketable organic
fertilizer by means of a patent pending process is approached. The aim of the project is to make
LHM a source of profi t both for the breeder and for the farmer, looking toward the sustainable
development.
By-products are transformed in marketable products (organic fertilizer), directly on-farm, with a
streamlined process, which assure sanitation. The not necessary operations are minimized: for
example no pellettization and no packaging, like compost. The method used to check the economic
convenience which derives from the new fertilizer production for the manufacturer, the LHM breeder,
is the net present value (NPV). Two steps are analysed: i) the sale of unpacked products ii) the sale
of unpacked and packed products (big bag). In both cases two different distribution solution are
examined: B2C and B2B. Finally the economic convenience which derives from the use of the
product for the farmer is approached. For unpacked fertilizers, NPV values are positive both for B2C
e B2B, leading to a profi table project for poultry farmer. In case of unpacked and packed products
NPV values are still positive, even if lower.
Bosi P, Merialdi° G, Bardasi° L, Scandurra S, Vecch i M, Messori S, Ferro P, Nisi I,
Casini L, Trevisi P
Effect of three different antibiotics on commensal intestinal microflora and on some
productive traits of weaning piglets
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 1029. - 2 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4436]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Bresaola M, Lombardo T, Villa° R, Sossi° E, Ferrari ° M
Studio retrospettivo sulla prevalenza di Swine Torque Teno virus genogruppi 1 e 2 e
coinfezione con porcine circovirus type 2 in sieri di suini allevati in italia (dal 1990 al 2009) =
Retrospective study on Swine Torque Teno virus genogroups 1 and 2 and Porcine circovirus type 2
coinfection in italian pig sera (from 1990 to 2009)
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 239-247. - 32 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4359]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Il Torque teno virus (TTV) fu isolato per la prima volta nel 1997 in un paziente umano affetto da
epatite. Successivamente seguirono isolamenti in diverse specie animali quali: suini, bovini, pecore,
cani e gatti. Recenti studi suggeriscono che il swine TTV (swTTV) possa giocare un ruolo importante
in alcune patologie del suino, in particolar modo per quanto concerne la post-weaning multisystemic
wasting syndrome (PMWS). In questo studio retrospettivo e stata determinata la prevalenza di
swTTV, genogruppi 1 (swTTV1) e 2 (swTTV2), e Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in sieri di suini
italiani conservati dal 1990 al 2009. Il principale obbiettivo e stato quello di valutare l’esistenza di
un’associazione statisticamente signifi cativa fra l’infezione da swTTV, genogruppi 1 e 2, e PCV2.
Prendendo in considerazione l’intero periodo d’osservazione, 73 dei 95 campioni (76,84%) sono
risultati positivi per almeno uno dei due genogruppi di swTTV, mentre 27 dei 95 campioni (28,42%)
sono risultati positivi per entrambi i genogruppi. L’infezione da swTTV genogruppo 1 (54 di 95,
56,84%) si e dimostrata prevalente rispetto al genogruppo 2 (46 di 95, 48,42%). Inoltre, 41 dei 95
campioni (43,16%) sono risultati positivi per PCV2. Infi ne, 20 dei 95 campioni (21,05%) erano
co-infetti da swTTV1 e PCV2, mentre 27 (28,42%) erano coinfetti da swTTV2 e PCV2. I risultati
ottenuti evidenziano un’associazione statisticamente signifi cativa fra l’infezione swTTV2 e PCV2.
Torque teno virus (TTV) was fi rst isolated from a human hepatitis patient in 1997. TTV was also
identifi ed in several animals, including pigs, cattle, sheep, cats and dogs. Recent studies suggest
that swine TTV (swTTV) could play aetiological roles in pig diseases, in particular in post-weaning
multisystemic wasting syndrome. In this retrospective study, we analysed the prevalence of swTTV,
genogroups 1 (swTTV1) and 2 (swTTV2), and Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in Italian pig sera
between years 1990 and 2009. The main objective is to assess whether there was a statistically
signifi cant association between swTTV and PCV2 infection. Taking into account the whole study
period, 73 out of 95 animals (76,84%) were infected with one or the other genogroup of swTTV,
while 27 out of 95 pigs (28,42%) were co-infected with both genogroups. swTTV genogroup 1 (54
out of 95, 56,84%) was more prevalent than genogroup 2 (46 out of 95, 48,42%). Moreover, 41 out
of 95 animals (43,16%) were infected with PCV2. Then, 20 out of 95 animals (21,05%) were
co-infected with swTTV1 and PCV2, while 27 out of 95 animals (28,42%) were co-infected with
swTTV2 and PCV2. These results suggest that there is a statistically signifi cant association
between swTTV2 and PCV2 infection.
Brocchi° E, Grazioli° S, Dho G, De_Simone F
Ready-to-use kits for FMDV serotype-specific antibody detection
FMD Week 2010 : open session of the Standing Technical Comitee of the EuFMD Commission
"New tools and challenges for progressive control" : 27 September - 1 October 2010 Vienna,
Austria : book of abstract / Rome : FAO, 2010. - 1 index pag [Nr. Estr. 4735]
FMD Week 2010 : Vienna, Austria : 27 September - 1 October 2010)
Brookes S, Núñez A, Choudhury B, Matrosovich M, Essen SC, Clifford D, Slomka
MJ, Kuntz-Simon G, Garcon F, Nash B, Hanna A, Heegaard PMH, Quéguiner S,
Chiapponi° C, Bublot M, Garcia JM, Gardner R, Foni° E, Loeffen W, Larsen L,
Van_Reeth K, Banks J, Irvine RM, Brown IH
Replication, pathogenesis and transmission of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in non-immune
pigs
PLoS One. - Vol. 5 no 2 ( 2010). - p e9068. - 35 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4571]
The declaration of the human influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (H1N1/09) raised important
questions, including origin and host range [1,2]. Two of the three pandemics in the last century
resulted in the spread of virus to pigs (H1N1, 1918; H3N2, 1968) with subsequent independent
establishment and evolution within swine worldwide [3]. A key public and veterinary health
consideration in the context of the evolving pandemic is whether the H1N1/09 virus could become
established in pig populations [4]. We performed an infection and transmission study in pigs with
A/California/07/09. In combination, clinical, pathological, modified influenza A matrix gene real time
RT-PCR and viral genomic analyses have shown that infection results in the induction of clinical
signs, viral pathogenesis restricted to the respiratory tract, infection dynamics consistent with
endemic strains of influenza A in pigs, virus transmissibility between pigs and virus-host adaptation
events. Our results demonstrate that extant H1N1/09 is fully capable of becoming established in
global pig populations. We also show the roles of viral receptor specificity in both transmission and
tissue tropism. Remarkably, following direct inoculation of pigs with virus quasispecies differing by
amino acid substitutions in the haemagglutinin receptor-binding site, only virus with aspartic acid at
position 225 (225D) was detected in nasal secretions of contact infected pigs. In contrast, in lower
respiratory tract samples from directly inoculated pigs, with clearly demonstrable pulmonary
pathology, there was apparent selection of a virus variant with glycine (225G). These findings
provide potential clues to the existence and biological significance of viral receptor-binding variants
with 225D and 225G during the 1918 pandemic [5].
Calistri P, Giovannini A, Savini G, Bonfanti l, Cordioli° P, Lelli R, Caporale V
Antibody response in cattle vaccinated against bluetongue serotype 8 in Italy
Transboundary Emerg Dis. - Vol. 57 no 3 ( 2010). - p 180-184. - 28 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4558]
To assess the immunogenicity of Zulvac® 8 Bovis (a commercial inactivated vaccine against
bluetongue virus serotype 8 – BTV8) under field conditions, 71 cattle vaccinated according to
manufacturer schedule in Verona province (Italy) were tested for the presence of BTV8 neutralizing
antibodies at 21, 29, 36, 43, 49, 102 and 201 days post-vaccination (dpv). Another group of 528
BTV8 vaccinated cattle in Mantova province (Italy) was also tested once between 113 and 174 dpv.
The vaccine was able to elicit an immune response in 69 (97.2%) and 346 (65.5%) animals of the
Verona and Mantova groups, respectively.
Calistri P, Giovannini A, Savini G, Monaco F, Bonfanti L, Ceolin C, Terregino C,
Tamba° M, Cordioli° P, Lelli R
West Nile Virus transmission in 2008 in North-Eastern Italy
Zoonoses Public Health. - Vol. 57 no 3 ( 2010). - p 211-219. - 33 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4559]
After 10 years, West Nile virus (WNV) re-emerged in Italy in August 2008. As on 31 December 2008,
the infection affected eight Provinces in three Regions (Emilia Romagna, Veneto, Lombardy), where
a total of 794 cases of WNV infection in 251 equine stables were detected on the basis of the clinical
signs and as a result of a serological screening in horses living in the area. Only 4.0% (32/794) of
the serologically positive animals showed clinical signs, and the 32 clinical cases were reported in
18 different farms. The observed case-fatality rate was 15.6% (5/32). The confirmed clinical cases
were detected from end August to mid October. Significant levels of positivity by RT-PCR were also
observed in magpies (Pica pica) (9.1%, 95% confidence levels: 6.1–13.4%), carrion crows (Corvus
corone) (7.4%, 95% confidence levels: 3.6–14.4%) and rock pigeons (Columba livia) (12.9%, 95%
confidence levels: 7.6–21.2%).
Calzolari° M, Bonilauri° P, Albieri A, Bellini R, C arra° E, Defilippo° F, Maioli° G,
Tamba° M, Angelini P, Dottori° M
Evidence in West Nile virus and Usutu virus circulation in mosquitoes sampled in
Emilia-Romagna Region in 2009
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., c2010]. - p 204. - 7 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4577]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Calzolari° M, Bonilauri° P, Bellini R, Caimi M, Def ilippo° F, Maioli° G, Albieri A,
Medici A, Veronesi R, Pilani R, Gelati A, Angelini P, Parco V, Fabbi° M, Barbieri° I,
Lelli° D, Lavazza° A, Cordioli° P, Dottori° M
Arboviral survey of mosquitoes in two Northern italian regions in 2007 and 2008
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. - Vol. 10 no 9 ( 2010). - p 875-884. - 47 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4479]
Recently, Italy - particularly the Emilia-Romagna region - was the location of consecutive outbreaks
of human diseases caused by the arboviruses chikungunya virus and West Nile virus. The two
outbreaks, spread by different species of mosquitoes, were not related, but pointed out the lack of
an arboviral surveillance program in this region. Beginning in 2007 entomological surveillance was
initiated in the Emilia-Romagna region, and in 2008 the program was improved and extended at
Lombardia region. Using CO2-baited traps, 65,292 mosquitoes were collected; pooled by date of
collection, location, and species; macerated manually; and tested by reverse transcription
(RT)-polymerase chain reaction for the presence of alphaviruses, orthobunyaviruses, and
flaviviruses. Amplicons were sequenced and employed for identification of viral RNA by basic local
alignment search tool search in GenBank. Results of these assays showed (1) the presence of West
Nile virus in two pools of Culex pipiens mosquitoes, (2) the presence of RNA of two
orthobunyaviruses, Tahyna virus in a pool of Ochlerotatus caspius mosquitoes and Batai virus in a
pool of Anopheles maculipennis mosquitoes, and (3) the presence of flavivirus RNAs in pools of Oc.
caspius, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes vexans mosquitoes; the sequences of these amplicons were
most closely related to flaviviruses that have been detected only in mosquitoes and had no
recognized vertebrate host (Aedes flavivirus, Culex flavivirus, and Kamiti River virus).
Candotti° P, Merialdi° G, Guerra° O, Nassuato C, Ro ta_Nodari° S
Effetto della somministrazione di antibiotici sulla flora batterica fecale in suinetti svezzati
affetti da sindrome di deperimento = Effect of antibiotics’ administration on faecal microflora in
weanling pigs affected by a wasting syndrome
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 121-129. - 28 19 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4353]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Lo studio è stato condotto in 11 allevamenti di suini in cui gli animali presentavano nel settore
svezzamento sintomi di malattia clinicamente riferibile a sindrome del deperimento progressivo
multisistemico post-svezzamento del suino (PMWS). In ciascun allevamento sono stati prelevati
campioni di materiale fecale da 10 animali affetti dai segni clinici tipici della malattia. Sui campioni di
feci è stata eseguita in campo un’analisi visiva della consistenza e della qualità e in laboratorio una
quantifi cazione delle componenti batteriche fecali (carica batterica totale, streptococchi fecali,
coliformi fecali, Escherichia coli) valutando se la somministrazione orale
di antibiotici (amoxicillina e/o colistina) avesse infl uenzato tali parametri. Rispetto ai valori riportati in
letteratura in soggetti sani, sono stati rilevati livelli di coliformitendenzialmente maggiori, mentre la
carica batterica totale rientrava nei limiti citati. Non sono risultate associazioni statisticamente signifi
cative tra i parametri indagati e il trattamento.
A survey was performed in eleven pig farms with a post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome
(PMWS). In each farm faecal samples were collected from 10 weaner pigs with clinical signs of the
disease. A visual examination of faecal samples was performed on farm and different bacterial
counts (total bacterial count, faecal streptococci, faecal coliformi and Escherichia coli) were
determined in laboratory. The effect of orally administered antibiotics (amoxicillin and/or colistin) on
these parameters was studied as well. Compared with data in literature, coliforms were tendentially
higher while total bacterial counts were into ranges reported.Antibiotics did not signifi cantly affect
the bacterial counts examined.
Candotti° P, Nassuato° C, Rota_Nodari° S
Livelli di lipopolisaccaridi sierici superiori in suini colpiti da forme di dimagrimento e
deperimento nel settore svezzamento = Higher serum lypopolysaccarides in weaned piglets
affected by syndromes of wasting
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 248-253. - 12 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4360]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Per la prova sono stati selezionati 5 allevamenti di suini sani e 13 allevamenti chE presentavano nel
settore svezzamento una sintomatologia clinica attribuibile alla forma di deperimento multi sistemico
post-svezzamento. In ogni allevamento sono stati eseguiti prelievi ematici in 10 suini allo
svezzamento. I campioni ematici sono stati testati per evidenziare il livello di lipopolisaccaridi (LPS),
Il-10 e TNF-a. I risultati hanno evidenziato che negli animali con sintomatologia da deperimento il
livello di LPS ematici era piu elevato rispetto agli animali clinicamente sani. L’aumento del livello
degli LPS ematici potrebbe essere associato alla sintomatologia di deperimento osservata. In
particolare, e stato stabilito un cut off di 0,44 EU/ml (sensibilita del 93% e specifi cita del 82%). Il-10
e TNF-a non sono risultati associati agli LPS.
Five healthy farms and 13 farms with a post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome were selected
for the study. Ten weaners were blood sampled in each farm. Blood samples were tested for
lypopolisaccarides (LPS), Il-10 and TNF-a level. Results showed that the animals with a wasting
syndrome had a higher serum level of LPS compared with healthy animals. The higher level of LPS
could be associated with the wasting syndrome observed. It was individuated a cut-off of 0,44 EU/ml
(sensitivity of 93% and specifi city of 82%). Il-10 and TNF-a were not associated with LPS levels.
Candotti° P, Rota_Nodari° S, Nassuato° C
Serum endotoxin in pigs affected by wasting syndromes
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 457. - 2 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4422]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Candotti° P, Zappulla D, Archetti° I, Rota_Nodari° S
Use of paper strips as nesting material in sows: effects on abnormal behaviours, salivary
cortisol and productive data
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 296. - 2 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4417]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Canelli° E , Catella° A, Alborali° l, Sozzi° E, Lel li° D, Moreno° A, Fontana° R,
Cordioli° P
Studio preliminare sulla variabilità genetica dei ceppi di PCV2 isolati tra il 1999 e il 2002 e dal
2007 ad oggi = Preliminary study on the genetic variability of PCV2 strains isolated in the
1999-2002 period and since 2007 up to now
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 265-270. - 18 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4362]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Il circovirus suino tipo 2 (PCV2) e un agente virale coinvolto nella PCVAD (porcine circovirus
associated diseases), un problema globale ed emergente che crea notevoli perdite economiche nel
settore dei suini. Il virus dal punto di vista fi logenetico e stato classifi cato in due cluster: PCV2a e
PCV2b (Gagnon et al., 2007). Gli studi sull’evoluzione genetica del PCV2 hanno assunto negli ultimi
anni una maggiore importanza date le ipotesi sulla differente patogenicita dei due sottotipi. Lo scopo
di questo lavoro e stato quello di caratterizzare i ceppi isolati dal laboratorio di virologia dell’IZSLER
di Brescia dal 2007 al 2009 e di confrontare i risultati ottenuti con quelli riguardanti gli isolati degli
anni 1999-2002 nella stessa area. A tal fine, 36 ceppi di PCV2 isolati nei due periodi sopracitati,
sono stati genotipizzati utilizzando una metodica PCR. Tutti i ceppi analizzati provenivano da
aziende con anamnesi riferibile a PCVAD. I risultati ottenuti hanno permesso la suddivisione dei
ceppi in 30 per il PCV2b, 2 per il PCV2a e 4 per entrambi i genotipi. E interessante notare che, a
conferma di quanto descritto in altri paesi Europei, anche in Italia, l’isolamento del PCV2a appare
irrilevante rispetto al 2b, che e il genotipo prevalente gia nei focolai di PMWS del 1999.
Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is associated with several diseases in pigs, all defined as PCVD
(porcine circovirus associated diseases), that are now considered as a global problem causing
significant economic losses in the swine industry. The virus has been classifi ed by phylogenetic
analysis into two genetic types of PCV2a (defi ned also as cluster 2) and PCV2b (cluster 1).
Although the PCV2b was commonly associated with PMWS, there are only hypotheses about the
differences in viral virulence between the two subtypes. In order to differentiate the two PCV2
subtypes, two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were developed. In this study, 30 PCV2b
strains, 2 PCV2a strains and 4 strains showing both genotypes on a total of 36 strains were
detected. All the PCV2 strains were originated from farms with PMWSanamnesis or from swine with
pathological lesions. The results showed that the PCV2b is the prevalent genotype in both period in
the analyzed area.
Canelli° E, Catella° A, Mazzolari L, Schiaffino F, Begni E, Gelmetti° D, Salogni° C,
Moreno° A, Lelli° D, Sozzi° E, Cordioli° P
Focolaio di forma nervosa da Equine Herpesvirus tipo 1
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 89-90. 10 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4515]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Between December 2009 and January 2010, a dramatic outbreak of the neurological form due to
Equine Herpes Virus type1 (EHV-1) occurred in three neighbouring horse-farms and involved 15 out
of 23 horses. Within ten days the affected horses showed high temperature; 12 of them also
manifested neurological signs: ataxia, legs paralysis with a caudal to cranial progression, often
exited in recumbency. Clinical suspect of a viral neurological disease was supported by macro and
microscopic fi ndings, and confi rmed by virological analyses. The EHV-1 was detected by real-time
PCR, isolated from the nervous central system on RK13 cells and identifi ed by using specific
monoclonal antibodies. The phylogenetic analysis on the ORF30 amplifi ed fragment of the isolated
strains revealed the genetic mutation on the polymerase gene, previously described for the EHV-1
neuropathogenic or mutant type
.
Canelli° E, Luppi° A, Lavazza° A, Lelli° D, Sozzi°
Pascotto E, Sandri C, Magnone W, Cordioli° P
E, Moreno° A, Gelmetti° D,
Encephalomyocarditis virus infection in an Italian zoo
Virol J. - Vol. 7 ( 2010). - p 64. - 21 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4482]
A fatal Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) infection epidemic involving fifteen primates occurred
between October 2006 and February 2007 at the Natura Viva Zoo. This large open-field zoo park
located near Lake Garda in Northern Italy hosts one thousand animals belonging to one hundred
and fifty different species, including various lemur species. This lemur collection is the most relevant
and rich in Italy. A second outbreak between September and November 2008 involved three lemurs.
In all cases, the clinical signs were sudden deaths generally without any evident symptoms or only
with mild unspecific clinical signs. Gross pathologic changes were characterized by myocarditis
(diffuse or focal pallor of the myocardium), pulmonary congestion, emphysema, oedema and
thoracic fluid. The EMCV was isolated and recognized as the causative agent of both outbreaks.
The first outbreak in particular was associated with a rodent plague, confirming that rats are an
important risk factor for the occurrence of the EMCV infection.
Canelli° E, Manna G, Catella° A, Lelli° D, Fontana ° R, Cardeti G, Autorino L,
Cordioli° P
Caratterizzazione di ceppi di Equine Herpevirus tipo 1 circolanti in Italia fra il 1990 ed il 2010
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 87-88. 7 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4516]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is an important horse pathogen, which is mainly responsible for
respiratory diseases, abortion, perinatal death, but also for a neurological syndrome, defi ned as
Equine Herpesvirus Myeloencephalopathy (EHM). Only certain strains, classifi ed as mutant, are
believed to cause this neurological form. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within the gene
encoding for the DNA polymerase was reported in these strains and is considered the marker for
neuropathogenicity. The aim of this study was to analyse a panel of 87 Italian strains, collected from
1990, using a realtime allelic discrimination PCR assay. The results reveal the presence of both
mutant as well as classical variant throughout the whole study period, with an increase of the latter
during the last fi ve years. All neurological cases were correlated to mutant strains. However, these
were also detected in a high percentage of abortion cases, confi rming that the mutation led to an
higher viral aggressiveness and pathogenicity. Foetal and placental tissues are proved as an optimal
material for typing both EHV-1 variants. A continuous monitoring of the circulating strains would be
useful in order to clarify some evolutionary and epidemiological hypotheses which are still not well
understood.
Caracappa S, Piraino C, Vicari D, Boniotti° MB, , Galuppo L, Pacciarini° M
Isolamento e tipizzazione molecolare di ceppi di Mycobacterium bovis da bovini siciliani nel
triennio 2007-2009
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
168-169. - 9 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4503]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis. Isolation and spoligotyping
analysis of 75 M. bovis and one of M. caprae isolates, from 2007 to 2009, from sicilian bovine and
one caprine head has been carried out. Twelwe different spoligotype patterns were identifi ed being
SB0120 the predominant one. This same spoligotype was previously reported as the predominant
one also in an analysis regarding the North of Italy. MIRU-VNTR analysis was performed as a
second line genotyping technique by characterisation of ten selected loci.
Carra° E, Pongolini° S, Carpana° E, Paganelli° GL,
Rugna° G, Bassi° S
Real-time PCR method for the quantification of Paenibacillus larvae spores in debris:
comparison to microbiology
4th European Conference of Apidology EurBee : 7-9 September 2010 Metu-Ankara, Turkey :
proceedings / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 118 [Nr. Estr. 4574]
European Conference of Apidology EurBee (4th : Metu-Ankara, Turkey : 7-9 September 2010)
American foulbrood is the most diffused and severe bacterial disease of the honeybee brood. It is
caused by the spore-forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae (P. larvae). The control of the disease
relies essentially on the identification and elimination of diseased colonies. Disclosure of latent
infections in colonies without symptoms, by detection of P. larvae spores, is an important component
of American foulbrood prevention. Honey, adult bees and winter debris are the most useful targets to
assess the level of contamination of colonies. The aim of our work was the development of a
real-time PCR method for the quantitative assessment of the spore content in winter debris and the
comparison of this molecular method to the microbiological enumeration. A new TagMan® real-time
PCR was designed targeting the 16S-ribosomal RNA gene of P. larvae, taking particular care of
reaction specificity. For this purpose both in-silico and in-vitro specificity were tested with respect to
several potential bacterial contaminants of the hive, belonging to Paenibacillus, Bacillus and
Enterococcus genera. The same real-time PCR was used to screen for positive samples of debris
and to quantify the spores in samples resulted positive on screening. Microbiological spore counting
was performed by plating onto MYPGP-agar supplemented with nalidixic and pipemidic acid, after
distilled-water extraction of samples. Winter debris from approximately 150 colonies belonging to 15
apiaries of three provinces in Northern Italy were analysed. Selected apiaries had shown different
disease levels in the year preceding the study. The concordance level of the tested methods is
discussed.
Casto° B, Donati° C, Zanardi° G, Gaffuri° A, Zanoni ° M, Pacciarini° M, Boniotti° MB
Use of serology testing for Mycobacterium bovis infection in goats: a case report
31° Annual Congress European Society of Mycobacteri ology : 4-7 July, Bled, Slovenia : abstract
book / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 126 [Nr. Estr. 4657]
European Society of Mycobacteriology (31 : Bled, Slovenia : 4-7 July 2010)
Mycobacterium bovis causes Tuberculosis (TB) also in goats. Clinical diagnosis is not easy as
symptoms are not typical, whereas gross lesions are similar to those found in cattle. Tuberculin skin
test is as effective as in cattle and remains the in vivo diagnostic method of reference. Few data are
available about the use of serology tests in goats. In this study we analysed the infection status of 34
goats coming from a cattle/goats mixed herd where TB was firstly confirmed in cattle. The 34 goats
underwent single intradermal comparative cervical test (SICCT), g-interferon (g-INF) and a
home–made multi-antigen indirect ELISA. This test was standardized using PPDB, PPDA and 4
recombinant M.bovis antigens expressed in E.coli: MPB70, MPB83, ESAT-6 and CFP-10.
Previously, 290 goat blood sera coming from 13 officially TB-free herds were analysed in order to
determine the OD cut-off values for each protein. By SICCT 20 goats were found positive, 19 by
g-INF and 12 by the multi-antigen ELISA. Among the antigens, ESAT-6, CFP-10 and PPDB
detected most of the ELISA positive samples, followed by MPB70 and MPB83. After stamping-out,
necropsy was performed and gross lesions were found in 15 animals. Culture isolation and IS6110
PCR, carried out directly on tissue homogenate, were attempted in few SICCT-positive subjects and
in all the animals with negative results both by in vivo tests and by post-mortem examination.
M.bovis infection was confirmed by culture isolation in 4 goats. The results of SICCT, g-INF and
ELISA were compared: the concordance between SICCT and g-INF is very high while the
multi-antigen indirect ELISA showed a surprising ability to detect 5 new positive animals previously
classed negative by all the other tests. The results of this study show that the multi-antigen indirect
ELISA method assessed in this work appears to be a useful tool to detect M.bovis infection in goats,
in particular when there can be a loss of reactivity to the tuberculin test.
Casto° B, Donati° C, Zoppi S, Pacciarini° M, Boniot ti° MB
A multi-antigen ELISA-test for serology detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattles
31° Annual Congress European Society of Mycobacteri ology : 4-7 July, Bled, Slovenia : abstract
book / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 125 [Nr. Estr. 4656]
European Society of Mycobacteriology (31 : Bled, Slovenia : 4-7 July 2010)
Bovine TB can be detected in live animals by the use of tests of cellular immunity: the intradermal
(IDT) and g-interferon (g-INF) tests. Assays of humoral immunity may detect animals in which the
cell mediated response is poor and thus complement IDT and g-INF for the detection of infected
animals. In this study the humoral responses of individual animals were tested by means of a
multi-antigen indirect ELISA assay developed in our laboratory. PPDB, PPDA and 4 recombinant
proteins expressed in E. coli (MPB70, MPB83, ESAT-6 and CFP-10) were used. A total of 570 cattle
blood sera were analysed. A group of 385 animals from 6 different officially TB-free herds were used
to assess the specificity of the test. To determine sensitivity of the assay a further 93 culture
isolation positive animals were tested. The remainder of the samples tested, coming from 21 TB
positive herds (localized in a low incidence area), were negative by culture isolation but classed
positive by other diagnostic tests or classed negative by all the performed tests. The multi-antigen
ELISA test showed moderate sensitivity, comparable to other studies, and high specificity. Among
the antigens, MPB70 detected most of the ELISA positive samples, followed by PPDB, MPB83,
ESAT-6 and CFP-10. Compared to IDT or g-INF, the multi-antigen ELISA test showed lower
sensitivity, nevertheless this test was able to detect humoral response in animals were the other
tests failed. These results support the use of the ELISA test to complement other techniques based
on cellular response to identify mycobacterial infection in cattle and to improve the overall probability
of removing all infected animals in herds where eradication is ongoing.
Casto° B, Pacciarini° M, Donati° C, Nassuato° C, Zo ppi S, Moresco A, Dondo A,
Rossi F, Bergagna S, Boniotti° MB
Utilizzo di un test ELISA multi-antigene per la diagnosi sierologica di tubercolosi bovina (TB)
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
104-105. - 4 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4512]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
In this study the humoral responses of individual animals were tested by means of a multi-antigen
indirect ELISA assay developed in our laboratory. PPDB, PPDA and 4 recombinant proteins
expressed in E. coli (MPB70, MPB83, ESAT-6 and CFP-10) were used. The test showed moderate
sensitivity and high specifi city. Nevertheless, it was able to detect humoral response in animals
were the other tests failed. Among the antigens, MPB70 detected most of the ELISA positive
samples, followed by PPDB, MPB83, ESAT-6 and CFP-10. The use of the ELISA test could be
complement to other techniques based on cellular response to identify TB infection in cattle
.
Catalani E, Amadori° M, Vitali A, Bernabucci U, Nar done A, Lacetera N
The Hsp72 response in peri-parturient dairy cows: relationships with metabolic and
immunological parameters
Cell Stress Chaperones. - Vol. 15 no 6 ( 2010). - p 781-790. - 59 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4345]
The study was aimed at assessing whether the peri-parturient period is associated with changes of
intracellular and plasma inducible heat shock proteins (Hsp) 72 kDa molecular weight in dairy cows,
and to establish possible relationships between Hsp72, metabolic, and immunological parameters
subjected to changes around calving. The study was carried out on 35 healthy peri-parturient
Holstein cows. Three, two, and one week before the expected calving, and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks
after calving, body conditions score (BCS) was measured and blood samples were collected to
separate plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Concentrations of Hsp72 in
PBMC and plasma increased sharply after calving. In the post-calving period, BCS and plasma
glucose declined, whereas plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha
increased. The proliferative responses of PBMC to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) declined progressively
after calving. The percentage of PBMC expressing CD14 receptors and Toll-like receptors (TLR)-4
increased and decreased in the early postpartum period, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed
significant positive relationships between Hsp72 and NEFA, and between PBMC proliferation in
response to LPS and the percentage of PBMC expressing TLR-4. Conversely, significant negative
relationships were found between LPS-triggered proliferation of PBMC and both intracellular and
plasma Hsp72. Literature data and changes of metabolic and immunological parameters reported
herein authorize a few interpretative hypotheses and encourage further studies aimed at assessing
possible cause and effect relationships between changes of PBMC and circulating Hsp72,
metabolic, and immune parameters in dairy cows.
Catalani E, Amadori° M, Vitali A, Nardone A, Bernab ucci U, Lacetera N
Relationships between response to LPS, genetic characteristics and incidente of infections in
peri-parturient dairy cows
9th International Veterinary Immunology Symposium : August 16th - 20th, 2010 : Tokio : Program
and book of abstracts / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 138 [Nr. Estr. 4650]
International Veterinary Immunology Symposium (9th : Tokio : August 16th - 20th, 2010)
Previous studies suggested that response of calves to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenges reveals
the presente of a genetic potential. This study was aimed at assessing whether the in vitro
proliferation of PBMC in response to LPS permits individual characterization of periparturient dairy
cows, and whether it is associated with incidente of infections and with some of the Single
Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) located on Tool Like Receptors 4 (TLR4) gene. The study was
carried out on 31 Holstein cows. Blood samples were collected weekly from -3 to +5 weeks from
calving. The average individual responses to LPS (from E. coli 0111:B4) in terms of proliferation (8
time points) were used to categorize cows in low (L), medium (M), and high (H) responders.
Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood and genotyped for 2 SNPs: TLR4 P-226 C>G and
TLR4 E3+2021 C>T, which previous studies described as associated to some extent with resistance
to mastitis. Within the population under study, 7 H, 19 M and 5 L cows avere identified. In cows
categorized as H or M a significant decrease of the ability of PBMC to proliferate in response to LPS
was observed after parturition. Monitoring of the health status during the first three months of
lactation revealed that eight cows suffered from clinical mastitis (5), metritis (2) or interdigital
dermatitis (1) during the two months following the end of the samplings period. None of the H cows
suffered from any of these infections, whereas most of the cows infected (5/8) were found to belong
to the L category (five out of five L cows developed infections). Population under study was found to
be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the two SNPs examined. Allele frequencies of P-226 C>G SNP
were: allele C and G, 65% and 35%, respectively. Genotypes identified were: P1 (CC, n=12), P2
(CG, n=16) and P3 (CC, n=3). Allele frequencies of E3+2021 C>T SNP were: allele C and T, 87510
and 13%, respectively. Genotypes were distributed as follows: E1 (CC, n=23), E2 (CT, n=8). When
considering the two SNPs together, the following haplotypes were observed: PE1 (CC; n=13); PE2
(GC; n=9), PE3 (GT; n=6) and PE4 (CT; n=3). Association studies indicateti that cows with P3 (n=3)
and E2 (n=8) genotypes or with PE3 haplotype (n=6) were not affected by any of the infections
diagnosed during the study and had no members belonging to the L category.
Catella° A, Martella V, Bianchi° A, Bertoletti° I, Lavazza° A, Zanoni° MG, Alborali° L,
Cordioli° P, Buonavoglia C
Epidemia di cimurro negli animali selvatici del Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio.
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 59-60. 10 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4520]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Canine distemper virus( CDV) is an RNA virus belonging to genus Morbillivirus in the
Paramyxoviridae family.CDV has a broad host range and evidence for the infection has been
obtained in several mammalian species. In August 2009 there was an outbreak of distemper in red
foxes and in badgers in the Stelvio Nazional Park. Strains of distemper analyzed by RT-PCR
genotyping of the H gene were characterized as European genotype
.
Cavadini° P, Botti° G, Barbieri° I, Lavazza° A, Cap ucci° L
Molecular characterization of SG33 and Borghi vaccines used against myxomatosis
Vaccine. - Vol. 28 no 33 ( 2010). - p 5414-5420. - 24 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4438]
Myxoma virus is a poxvirus responsible for myxomatosis in European Rabbits (Oryctolagus
cuniculus). The entire genome of the myxoma virus has been sequenced, allowing a systemic
survey of the functions of a large number of putative pathogenic factors that this virus expresses to
subvert the immune and inflammatory pathways of infected rabbit hosts. In Italy, industrial rabbits
are mostly vaccinated against myxomatosis using the attenuated myxoma virus strains Borghi or
SG33. We have identified genetic markers specific for Borghi or SG33 vaccine strains and
established a PCR-based assay that could be used to: (a) rapidly diagnose the presence of myxoma
virus in infected organs; (b) discriminate between field strain-infected and vaccinated rabbits and (c)
differentiate between Borghi or SG33 vaccine strain.
Cavadini° P, Botti° G, Barbieri° I, Lavazza° A, Cap ucci° L
Molecular characterization of SG33 and Borghi vaccines used against Myxomatosis
1st Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) : 15-17
September, 2010 Lelystad, The Netherlands : abstract / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - P 2-22. - 4 bib ref [Nr.
Estr. 4478]
Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) (1st : Lelystad,
The Netherlands : 15-17 September, 2010)
Cecchinato M, Ceolin C, Busani L, Dalla_Pozza M, Terregino C, Moreno° A,
Bonfanti L, Marangon S
Low pathogenicity avian influenza in Italy during 2007 and 2008: epidemiology and control
Avian Dis. - Vol. 54 n. 1 ( 2010). - p. 323-328. - 20 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4411]
Since 1999, the Italian poultry production system has experienced several outbreaks of avian
influenza (AI), mainly located in northeastern Italy. This paper describes the low pathogenicity (LP)
AI outbreaks detected during the surveillance activities implemented in 2007–08. From May to
October 2007, ten rural and hobby poultry farms were infected by an LPAI virus of the H7N3
subtype. In August–October 2007, the H7N3 LPAI virus was introduced into the industrial poultry
sector with the involvement of six meat turkey farms. Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin
gene indicated that all but one of the H7N3 virus strains had a high level of homology
(98.7%–99.8%). Furthermore, in August 2007, an LPAI H5N2 virus was identified in a free-range
geese and duck breeder flock. The hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes showed a high level of
homology (99.8% and 99.9%, respectively) with H5N2 LPAI viruses isolated from mallards in July
2007 in the same area, suggesting a possible introduction from the wild reservoir. All the birds (in
total 129,386) on the infected poultry farms were culled. The prompt implementation of AI control
measures, including the enforcement of a targeted emergency vaccination plan, allowed the rapid
eradication of infection. In 2008, three LPAI viruses (two H7N1 and one H5N1) were identified in
dealer/rural farms. The surveillance activity implemented in this area allowed the prompt detection of
LPAI viruses of the H5 and H7 subtypes in the rural sector, which, as observed in the 2007
epidemic, might be the source of infection for industrial poultry.
Cerati C, Palese A, Gamba F, Benaglia P, Bonilauri° P, Nisoli L
Assessment of sow births synchronised with oxytotocin and long-acting oxytocin
(carbetocin)
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 1106. - 3 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4434]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Cerioli° M, Nassuato° C, Tironi° M, Lavazza° A, Pi ro° R, Loglio G, Prestini G, Orsi
F, Magrini M, Astuti M
Realizzazione di un sistema di monitoraggio in apicultura sul territorio della Regione
Lombardia
Osservatorio. - Vol. 13 no 1 ( 2010). - p 7-17 [Nr. Estr. 4447]
Chiapponi° C, Barbieri° I, Foni° E
Multiplex RT-PCR or rapid subtyping of hemagglutinin gene of italian swine influenza virus
1st Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) : 15-17
September, 2010 Lelystad, The Netherlands : abstract / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - P-3-02. - 4 bib ref [Nr.
Estr. 4647]
Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) (1st : Lelystad,
The Netherlands : 15-17 September, 2010)
Chiapponi° C, Zanni° I, Garbarino° C, Barigazzi° G,
Foni° E
Comparison of the usefulness of the CACO-2 cell line with standard substrates for isolation
of swine influenza A viruses
J Virol Methods. - Vol. 163 ( 2010). - p 162-165. - 26 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4223]
Influenza A virus isolation is undertaken routinely in embryonated chicken eggs, but to improve virus
detection various cell lines can be used. The CACO-2 cell line was compared to the MDCK cell line
and embryonated chicken eggs for the isolation of H1N1, H1N2, H3N2 swine influenza A virus
subtypes from clinical specimens. From 2006 to 2008, 104 influenza A samples found positive by
PCR from 42 respiratory outbreaks in Italian swine farms were examined by virus isolation. Sixty
swine influenza A viruses were isolated (16 H1N1, 28 H1N2 and 16 H3N2) and their growth
behaviour on the different substrates was examined. 16/16 H1N1, 28/28 H1N2 and 8/16 of H3N2
viruses were isolated from the CACO-2 cell line, while 7/16 H1N1, 3/28 H1N2 and 16/16 H3N2
viruses were isolated using embryonated chicken eggs. Only 9/16 H1N1, 1/28 H1N2 and 6/16 H3N2
viruses replicated in MDCK cells. A link was found between viral hemagglutinin and the isolation rate
on the various substrates. The CACO-2 line was statistically more sensitive (Fisher’s exact test, p <
0.01) compared to the MDCK cells and embryonated chicken eggs for the isolation of H1N1 and
H1N2 subtypes. In contrast influenza A H3N2 virus was isolated more readily in embryonated
chicken eggs than in cultured cells (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.01).
Chiari° M, Cavadini° P, Barbieri° I, Grilli G, Ferr azzi V, Zanoni V, Gioia E, Capucci°
L, Lavazza° A
Data supporting the active role of cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus) in the epidemiology of
EBHS7
9th conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) " Healthy wildlife, healthy
people" : Vlieland, The Netherlands, 13 to 16 September 2010 / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 81 [Nr. Estr.
4547]
Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) (9th : Vlieland, The
Netherlands : 13 to 16 September 2010)
Background: The eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), an American lagomorph, was illegally
introduced in Piemonte on 1966 and is currently widespread in several areas of North-Central Italy.
A seroepidemiological survey was conducted in Alessandria province on 2000 to determine the role
of cottontail as host or reservoir of hares’ pathogens. As main outcome it was found that cottontails
could have been naturally infected with EBHSV, developing a specific immunity. Thereafter, the
infection of seronegative cottontails proved their susceptibility to EBHSV in experimental conditions.
Aim of this work is an to report the results of serological surveys for confirming the previous data in a
more wide territory; b) to report the first natural EBHS outbreak in a mixed population of hares and
cottontail and c) the molecular characterization of the virus identified in dead animals. Methods:
From 2003 to 2009, 148 serum samples and 37 organs of cottontails, captured or found dead in
North- Central Italy were analyzed. Serological (cELISA) and virological (sandwich ELISA, western
blot and PCR) tests were performed using methods developed at the OIE Reference Laboratory. On
late 2009 an EBHS outbreak
occurred in a fenced area near Milano where a high density of both hares and cottontails was
present. Animals found dead were examined and the EBHSV identified strains from both species
were amplified, sequenced and compared. Results: Serological investigations confirmed the
presence of positive anti-EBHS titres in naturally infected cottontails. Moreover, during the EBHS
outbreak, at least one cottontail found dead show typical gross lesions and tested virologically
positive for EBHS (liver and spleen). The viral strains from hares and cottontail were amplified by
PCR and VP60 products were sequenced, showing 100% identity. Conclusions: It is even more
evident that cottontail could be a natural host of EBHSV and may transmit it to hares.
Chiari° M, Zanoni° M, D’Incau° M, Salogni° C, Giova nnini° S, Alborali° L, Lavazza°
A
Isolamento di Salmonella spp. da volpi (Vulpes vulpes) e tassi (Meles meles) in regione
Lombardia (North Italy)
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
180-181. - 7 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4502]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Salmonellosis has been studied extensively in passerines, whilst less is known about mammals,
particularly carnivores. This study describes of the isolation of Salmonella spp. in the local
environment by analyzing wild carnivores.
Chiari° M, Zanoni° M, D'Incau° M, Salogni° C, Giova nnini° S, Alborali° L, Lavazza°
A
Isolation of Salmonella spp. from Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) and Badger (Meles meles) in
Lombardy (North Italy)
9th conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) " Healthy wildlife, healthy
people" : Vlieland, The Netherlands, 13 to 16 September 2010 / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 49 [Nr. Estr.
4552]
Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) (9th : Vlieland, The
Netherlands : 13 to 16 September 2010)
Background: Salmonella has been isolated from a wide variety of wild animals, both mammals and
birds. It may cause death in some of them, mainly small passerines, whereas some wild carnivores
as red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and badger (Meles meles) may act as indicator species to determine the
presence of Salmonella in the local environment. Methods: In Lombardy the agreement among
official veterinary service, public administrators and hunter associations, made possible sampling the
carcases of foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and badgers (Meles meles) found death or hunted, between June
2009-May 2010. The presence of rabies was firstly excluded on all samples (511 red foxes and 18
badgers) and then further analysis were done. Salmonella was isolated from faecal samples using
both the mandatory methods for Salmonella monitoring and control plan for primary productions
(AnnexD ISO 6579:2002) and the in-house isolation procedure based on the enrichment with
Rappaport-Vassiliadis Broth and plating on Hecktoen enteric agar. Salmonella identification was
performed with biochemical tests (growing on TSI, ONPG test, identification by multitest kit) and
serotyping. Results: Salmonella was isolated from 29 foxes (6%) and 2 badgers. Sixteen different
serotypes were identified: 12/31 (39%) isolates belonged to serotypes (Typhimurium, Enteritidis,
Infantis)commonly found in men. Others serotypes could be either sporadically find in man (Derby,
Muenchen, Napoli, Livingston) or often find in water or in wild animals, in particular reptiles
(Houtenae, Diarizonae, Anatum, Veneziana). Conclusions: The behaviour and feeding habits of
animals influence the likelihood of being infected with Salmonella Foxes and badgers, that are at the
top of the food chain in our region, could be infected by eating carcasses contaminated by
Salmonella or by different anthropogenic environmental contamination, as foodstuff residues.
Therefore, wild carnivores are an important reservoir of pathogenic serotypes of Salmonella, and
may be a risk for human and livestock.
Chiari° M, Zanoni° M, Salogni° C, Giovannini° S, Al borali° L, Lavazza° A
Trichinella britovi in una volpe (Vulpes vulpes) in provincia di Brescia (Italy)
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 182. - 4
bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4501]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
This study describes the results of a monitoring program on Trichinella spp. in wild animal, in
particular in red fox
.
Chiari° M, Zanoni° M, Salogni° C, Giovannini° S, Al borali° L, Lavazza° A
Presence of Trichinella britovi in a red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Brescia Province (Italy)
9th conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) " Healthy wildlife, healthy
people" : Vlieland, The Netherlands, 13 to 16 September 2010 / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 66 [Nr. Estr.
4551]
Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) (9th : Vlieland, The
Netherlands : 13 to 16 September 2010)
Background: In Italy foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are present and abundant everywhere and hold a high
position in the animal food chain. Since they represent the main indicator species of the local
presence of Trichinella spp., especially T. britovi, dead or hunted foxes are often used in monitoring
programmes. Methods: In Brescia province, the agreement among official veterinary service, public
administrators and hunter associations, made possible sampling the carcases of 228 foxes found
death or hunted, between June 2009-May 2010. Around 50% were coming from areas of > 400 mtr
altitude. The presence of rabies was firstly excluded; then, a pool of 10 gr of muscles (diaphragm,
masseter, lower hind limb) was analysed for the presence of Trichinella spp larvae. According to the
EC 2075/2005 directives, Trichineasy (Syntec International) method was used. Such machine
grinds, digests and filters the samples and deposits the material on a membrane filter, which is
stained with a fluorescent reagent to detect trichina larvae. The species identification was performed
by the National Reference Laboratory for Trichinella using a specific multiplex-PCR. Results: The
prevalence was very low: larvae of Trichinella spp. were found in just one animal. This was a young
male, with characteristic lesions of sarcoptic mange, found dead in Sellero, a town in Vallecamonica
at 600 meters on sea level. The load was 45 larvae/gr of muscle analyzed and they were further
characterized as T. britovi. Conclusions: Whereas foxes have a low importance for meat
consumption, the absence of T. spiralis in wild carnivores is an essential step in the monitoring
programs of pigs for acquiring the status of free area at regional level. The presence of T. britovi is
indicative of the circulation of this zoonotic parasite in the wild circle even if both the prevalence
(0.5%) and the age of infected animals (young) were different than expected.
Chiari° M, Zanoni° MG, D'incau° M, Salogni° C, Lava zza° A, Alborali° L
Monitoring wild life animals in Brescia Province : salmonella infection in wild boar
5th International meeting of young veterinary pathologists : 1st - 3rd July, 2010 Brescia, Italy :
abstracts / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - 4744]
International meeting of young veterinary pathologists (5 : Brescia, Italy : 1st - 3rd July, 2010)
Cocchi M, Di Giusto T, De_Stefano P, Deotto S, Di_Sopra G, Clapiz L, Genero N,
Bregoli M, Cammi° G
Indagine preliminare sulla presenza di Prototheca zopfii in latte mastitico in provincia di
Udine
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
189-190. - 7 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4526]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Prototheca spp., a colourless microalgae, are ubiquitous and have been isolated from environmental
sources, particularly in wet areas. In dairy herds, P. zopfi i is responsible of mastitis. It occurs
worldwide. The main purpose of this paper was to describe the prevalence of Prototheca zopfi i in
bovine mastitis. 834 milk samples, collected from 43 farms located in Udine province were submitted
to bacteriological examination and to research Prototheca spp. Diagnosis of Prototheca spp. was
confi rmed by molecular characterization of the isolates. Moreover, in one farm the presence of the
microalga was also monitored in the environment. Prototheca spp. was isolated in 4/843 (0,5%)
mastitic milk samples from 2/43 (5%) dairy herds. The results of molecular characterization indicate
that all the isolates were P. zopf i genotipe II
.
Cotti C, De_Marco MA, Raffini° E, Donatelli I, Delo gu M
Effects of population parameters on yearly circulation of influenza A virus in wild ducks in
Italy
J Biotech. - Vol. 150 s1 ( 2010). - p s7. - 5 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4659]
Wild aquatic birds are the main reservoir hosts harbouring the genetic pool of all influenza A viruses,
including pandemic ones. Among waterbirds, wild ducks can contribute to perpetuate these viruses
in awell-adapted host/parasite relationship [1]. The goal of this work was to determine how
population parameters such as sex and age classes could affect the isolation prevalences of
influenza A viruses in ducks trapped in a Mediterranean area during three crucial period of ducks’
biology. Viral RNA was extracted from cloacal swabs taken from 146 dabbling ducks trapped from
October 2005 to September 2006 in Laguna di Orbetello WWF Oasis (Central Italy). Avian influenza
viruses (AIVs) were detected by a one-step RT-PCR targeting the matrix gene [2] and RT-PCR
positive samples were inoculated into specific-pathogen-free embryonated chicken eggs [3].
Harvested allantoic fluids were tested by hemagglutination assay [3] and ELISA test directed to viral
nucleoprotein [4]. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to highlight significant
differences in viral isolation prevalences related to ducks age, ducks sex, during an yearly sampling
periods (fall migration, wintering period, post-reproductive period). RT-PCR and isolation
prevalences for AIVs were 26% (38/146) and 9.6% (14/146), respectively. During the overall
sampling period no age- and sex-related differences in virus isolation prevalences were detected.
Considering each sampling period, significant differences were only found during the wintering
season January–March 2006, when the juvenile ducks showed higher isolation prevalence than the
adult ones. The particularly low temperatures recorded in north-eastern Europe during winter
2005-2006 [5] could have caused erratic movements of juvenile ducks, increasing the interaction
among different bird subpopulations and the opportunity for virus exchanges. Our results confirm
that the juvenile ducks play a key role in the movement of AIVs. Moreover, climatic variations may
induce changes in the host species behavior affecting viral populations.
Cremonesi P, Benedetti° V, Pisoni G, Moroni P, Luin i° M, Castiglioni B
Staphylococcus aureus: applicazione di un test rapido per la tipizzazione molecolare di ceppi
isolati da mastiti bovine = Staphylococcus aureus: application of a rapid test for molecular typing
of strains isolated from bovine mastitis
Atti Soc Ital Sci Vet. - Vol. 64 ( 2010). - p 133-135. - 11 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4628]
Convegno Nazionale della Societa' Italiana delle Scienze Veterinarie (SISVET) (64 : Asti : 7-10
Settembre 2010)
Staphylococcus aureus is the most important etiologic agent of contagious mastitis able to produce
a number of virulence factors that may play an important role in the development of this disease.
Recently, a rapid technique based on the amplification of 16S-23S rRNA intergenic space (RS-PCR)
was developed for S. aureus genotyping. The aim of the study was to characterize some strains
collected from North Italy herds in order to verify the presence of a specific genotype associated in
Switzerland with severe clinical expression in the herd. Between the 30 strains analysed, our
preliminary results showed the presence of 4 isolates similar to the Switzerland genotype B and the
possibility to bind an electrophoretic profile to a specific pattern of virulence.
Dall'Ara A, Golfari G, Massi° P, Poglayen G
Manure hygienisation developement and application (MIDA) as biological technology for
treatment of laying hen manure
International Poultry Scientific Forum : January 25-26 2010 : abstracts / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 54 [Nr.
Estr. 4575]
International Poultry Scientific Forum : January 25-26 2010)
Overall, the goal is to overcome the management of manure as waste and the agricultural lands
need for its spreading through the direct production of quality hygienic fertilizer, that improves the
soil structure, enhances its fertility and rehabilitates for predesertification. In details, the aim of the
project was to verify laying hen manure (LHM) hygienisation by bio-treatment, according to Reg.
(CE) 1774/2002 indications. The obtained product, should be transformed not in a waste, but in an
hygienic and marketable safe organic fertilizer. LHM dried at three different level of humidity by MDS
(Manure Drying System) was treated inside big-bags and pile, by adding PAV (Vegetal Active
Principles) a biocatalyst of plant origin, in a poultry farro in Italy. Manure sampling and analysis,
taken at days -3 (before MDS), 0, 38, 81, 123, were carried out following Reg. (CE) 1774/2002 and
taking irato account also the chemical nutrients considered in D. Lgs. 217/06 Objectives for thermal
and chemical process are: - absence of Salmonella spp.in 25 grams; - concentration of Escherichia
coli in 1 gram lower than or equal to 1000 u.f.c.; - reduction S log 10 of Enterococcus faecalis in 1
gram; - reduction 3 log 10 of Parvovirus. In this early stage, due to the high environmental resistence
of dispersal stages of parasites, we have added also the evaluation of PAV's activity on coccidia and
ascarid eggs. This justified the sampling at day -3 useful to assess the parasites burden in the fresh
LHM. Also pathogen and saprophytic fungi were searched with the same timing. Due to the absence
of Parvovirus in poultry, to follow the reg. (CE) 1774/2002 we have developed a "daughter" trial in
controlled conditions adding Parvovirus of swine origin to LHM. From a general point of view, the
experimental activity of MIDA has shown good results in reducing biologica] parameters after 123
days and appears to be encouraging for the authors to go on, developing the project and searching
for financial support.
Decaro N, Mari V, Lucente MS, Colaianni ML, Cirone F, Losurdo M, Cordioli° P,
Buonavoglia C
Virus della diarrea virale bovina tipo 3 associato a malattia respiratoria
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 96-97. 12 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4513]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
In this study, a BVDV-3 strain (Italy-1/10-1) was isolated for the first time in Europe from calves with
respiratory disease. By analysis of the nearly full-length genome (12,104 nucleotides), the European
strain clustered with previously-reported BVDV- 3 strains, being more closely related to southern
American viruses than to the Thai isolate Th/04_KhonKaen. The isolation of BVDV-3 from a clinical
outbreak, together with its genetic distance from BVDV-1/BVDV-2, poses intriguing questions about
the effi cacy of commercially-available BVDV vaccines and the need to develop specifi c vaccines
against this new virus
.
Defilippo° F, Bonilauri° P, Massirio I, Dottori° M
Development of the pupal stages of the blowfly, Calliphora vicina (Robineau-desvoydi)
(Diptera: calliphoridae)
8th Meeting of the European Symposium for Forensic Entomology (EAFE) : 8-11 Septiembre 2010,
Universidad de Murcia / [s.l. : s.n, 2010]. - p 46 [Nr. Estr. 4586]
European Symposium for Forensic Entomology (EAFE) (8th : Universidad de Murcia : 8-11
Septiembre 2010)
Dell'Anna° S, Renzi° M, Calzolari° M, Galletti° G,
Tamba° M
Maioli° G, Rugna° G, Martini E,
Sorveglianza della Leishmaniosi nei canili dell'Emilia Romagna. Risultati preliminari
2007-2009
2nd International Congress on Canine Leishmanisis = 2. Congresso Internazionale sulla
leishmaniosi canina : Pisa, Palazzo dei Congressi, 17-18 Aprile 2010 : estratti, relazioni,
comunicazioni brevi, poster / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 138-140. - 7 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4369]
International Congress on Canine Leishmaniasis (2 : Pisa : 17-18, Aprile 2010)
Delogu M, De_Marco MA, Di_Trani L, Raffini° E, Cott i C, Puzelli S, Ostanello F,
Webster RG, Cassone A, Donatelli I
Can preening contribute to Influenza A virus infection in wild waterbirds?
PLoS One. - Vol. 5 no 6 ( 2010). - p e11315. - 60 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4471]
Wild aquatic birds in the Orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes are the main reservoir hosts
perpetuating the genetic pool of all influenza A viruses, including pandemic viruses. High viral loads
in feces of infected birds permit a fecal-oral route of transmission. Numerous studies have reported
the isolation of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) from surface water at aquatic bird habitats. These
isolations indicate aquatic environments have an important role in the transmission of AIV among
wild aquatic birds. However, the progressive dilution of infectious feces in water could decrease the
likelihood of virus/host interactions. To evaluate whether alternate mechanisms facilitate AIV
transmission in aquatic bird populations, we investigated whether the preen oil gland secretions by
which all aquatic birds make their feathers waterproof could support a natural mechanism that
concentrates AIVs from water onto birds' bodies, thus, representing a possible source of infection by
preening activity. We consistently detected both viral RNA and infectious AIVs on swabs of preened
feathers of 345 wild mallards by using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
and virus-isolation (VI) assays. Additionally, in two laboratory experiments using a quantitative
real-time (qR) RT-PCR assay, we demonstrated that feather samples (n = 5) and cotton swabs (n =
24) experimentally impregnated with preen oil, when soaked in AIV-contaminated waters, attracted
and concentrated AIVs on their surfaces. The data presented herein provide information that
expands our understanding of AIV ecology in the wild bird reservoir system..
Delogu M, De_Marco MA, Di_Trani L, Raffini° E, Cott i C, Puzelli S, Ostanello F,
Webster RG, Cassone A, Donatelli I
Novel preening-mediated transmission route of avian influenza viruses in aquatic birds
2nd International Influenza Meeting : 12.–14. September Muenster Germany / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p
67 [Nr. Estr. 4660]
International Influenza Meeting (2nd : Muenster Germany : 12.–14. September)
Wild aquatic birds are reservoir hosts perpetuating the genetic pool of all influenza A viruses,
including pandemic ones. High viral loads in feces of infected birds allow fecal-oral transmission.
However, this route does not fully account for the efficiency of avian influenza virus (AIV) spread
since dilution of infectious feces in water progressively decreases the chances of virus/host
interaction. We investigated whether preen oil gland secretion, by which all aquatic birds make their
feathers waterproof, could support a natural concentration mechanism of AIVs from water to birds’
bodies, thus favouring virus spread and persistence in the aquatic environment. First, we detected
consistently both viral genome and infectious AIVs on swabs taken by rubbing preened feathers of
345 wild mallards and examined by
reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and virus isolation (VI) assays. Second, in two laboratory
experiments using a quantitative real-time (qR) RT-PCR, we demonstrated that feather samples
(n=5) and cotton swabs (n = 24) experimentally impregnated with preen oil, when soaked in
AIV-contaminated waters, attracted and concentrated AIVs on their surfaces, as shown by statistical
analysis. Third, we experimentally coated 7 mallards with a preen oil-AIV mix, and housed them with
a control, uncoated, duck. Through self- and/or allopreening behaviour, all birds ingested the virus,
as shown by virus detection in both oro-pharyngeal and cloacal samples. Virus isolation from cloacal
swabs and virus-specific antibody response confirmed the occurrence of mallards’ infection.
Infectious AIVs were isolated from ducks’ body surface until 32 days after the experimental
coating.Our field and experimental results indicate that AIVs can be naturally concentrated and
carried on the feather surface of infected ducks (i.e., those VI-positive from both cloacal and feathers
swabs) and uninfected ones (i.e., those VI-positive from feathers only). In such a context, the natural
preening behaviour, by which waterbirds spread preen oil all over their plumage (self-preening) or
other birds’ plumage (allo-preening), could facilitate the ingestion of AIV particles stuck on birds’
feathers, thus promoting a preening-mediated infection route. Our findings also suggest that during
the time period between the virus adhesion to the bird’s body and the infection (possibly due to selfand/or allopreening), the virus could move in nature with the host by an undescribed circulation
mechanism. We demonstrate here a novel viral transmission route that adds to, and possibly
contributes to explain the knowledge of longdistance movements and long-term infectivity of lowly
and highly pathogenic AIVs in nature.
Di_Giannatale E, Prencipe V, Colangeli P, Alessiani A, Barco L, Staffolani M,
Tagliabue° S, Grattarola C, Cerrone A, Costa A, Pis anu M, Santucci U, Iannitto G,
Migliorati G
Prevalenza di Campylobacter termotolleranti nel pollo da ingrasso in Italia
Vet Ital. - Vol. 46 no 4 ( 2010). - p 405-414. - 19 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4570]
In Italia, nel periodo 5 febbraio-15 dicembre 2008, in applicazione della Decisione 516/2007/CE,
sono state eseguite le attività di campionamento e analisi previste dal relativo Piano di sorveglianza.
Tra gli obiettivi, la rilevazione dell'entità di contaminazione da Campylobacter termotolleranti nel
pollo da ingrasso allevato in Italia. Sono stati selezionati 48 mattatoi avicoli, distribuiti in undici
regioni italiane, in cui sono stati prelevati intestini ciechi e carcasse di pollo da ingrasso appartenenti
a 393 lotti di macellazione. In 284 lotti (72,3%) è stato isolato Cattipylobacter spp.: il 52,1% è
risultato contaminato da C. jejuni, il 55,6% da C. coli e 1'1,1% da C. lari. Nel 13,0% di quelli positivi
(37 lotti) sono stati rilevati contemporaneamente C. jejuiù e C. coli. Dall'esame degli intestini ciechi,
Cattipylobacter spp. è risultato presente in 251 lotti di macellazione (63,9%), in particolare, C. jejuni
nel 48,2%, C. coli nel 50,6% e C. lari nell'1,2%. Le carcasse appartenenti a 182 lotti (46,3%) sono
risultate contaminate da C. jejííní nel 40,7% e C. coli nel 57,7% dei lotti positivi, C. lari non è stato
isolato. I livelli di contaminazione riscontrati nelle carcasse sono risultati compresi tra 10 e 1,6 X 107
UFC/g.
Di_Marco P, Ferrari° M, Sesso L, Purpari G, Russott o L, Cannella V, Dara S,
Di_Bella S, Guercio A
Cellule staminali mesenchimali (CSM) animali: isolamento, caratterizzazione e controlli di
qualità
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 91-93. 8 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4514]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Among research activities of Istituto Zooprofi lattico Sperimentale (IZS), working according UNI CEI
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 norms, there are Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) isolation, amplification,
characterization and banking. In this survey equine and canine MSCs are collected from bone
marrow and adipose tissue. Safety testing methods are applied to assure cells biosafety. MSCs
could be used in order to study tissue remodelling both autologus and allogeneic implantation
.
Dotti° S, Sandri G, Villa° R, Razzuoli° E, Sossi° E , Amadori° M
Time-course of the immune response to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
Virus (PRRSV) in gilts
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 490. - 4 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4426]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Dotti° S, Sandri GP, Villa° R, Razzuoli° E, Sossi° E, Amadori° M
Dinamica temporale della risposta immunitaria verso il virus della Porcine Reproductive and
Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) in scrofette = Kinetic development of immune response to
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) in gilts
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 232-237. - 7 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4358]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Scopo del lavoro e stato valutare la cinetica di sviluppo della risposta immunitaria a virus PRRS in
due situazioni aziendali differenti. Gli animali arrivavano da due scrofaie identifi cate come SG e M;
entrambe erano PRRS positive, con rimonta proveniente da un moltiplicatore PRRS-free. La
problematica da affrontare in tali strutture e stata l’introduzione di un considerevole numero di
animali PRRS negativi in un allevamento positivo, al fine di non generare instabilita all’interno delle
aziende. A tale scopo si sono messe in opera due diverse “procedure di acclimatamento” per
PRRSV: vaccinazione in allevamento SG, condizionamento in allevamento M tramite contatto diretto
con soggetti escretori. La risposta cellulo-mediata e stata valutata con l’analisi della presenza di
interferone- nel plasma dei suini in risposta a PRRSV; i risultati hanno evidenziato, in entrambi i
casi, una scarsa induzione di questa citochina a dispetto della siero-conversione anticorpale. Questo
risultato confermerebbe quanto riportato anche da altri autori e cioe che non vi e una
corrispondenza tra i due tipi di immunita sia con una stimolazione di tipo vaccinale sia con un
contatto diretto di animali viremici. Inoltre, i campioni di saliva, prelevati nell’allevamento M, hanno
consentito la messa a punto di una metodica ELISA atta ad individuare IgA PRRSVspecifi che, la cui
valutazione potrebbe essere affi ancata alle altre metodiche normalmente impiegate per la diagnosi
della malattia.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-course of the immune response to PRRS virus in two
PRRSV-positive farms, hereunder named SG and M. Gilts originating from a PRRS-negative
multiplier had to be introduced into two PRRS positive commercial herd and the purpose was to
house them without creating PRRS outbreaks in the receiving farms under study. For this purpose,
two different strategies were adopted: vaccination in farm SG and direct contact with viremic animals
in farm M. The cell-mediated immune response was evaluated by a PRRSV-specifi c interferonrelease assay; the results showed, in both farms, that the cell-mediated response occurred at a low
level and frequency, as opposed to the Ab response. This fi nding confi rms the results by other
authors, i.e. the discrepancy between the two kinds of immune response to PRRSV (humoral and
cell-mediated), following both vaccination and direct contact with viremic animals. Moreover, with
saliva samples collected in farm M, an ELISA assay was performed to detect PRRSV-specifi c IgA
antibodies, the assessment of which could be useful in association with other routine diagnostic
methods.
Drigo I, Agnoletti F, Bonci M, Merialdi° G, Spigagl ia P, Bano L
Clostridium difficile survey in italian piggeries and molecular characterization of isolates
Conference on the pathogenesis of bacterial diseases of animals : 6-9 October 2010 Prato / [s.l. :
s.n., 2010]. - p 52 - 3 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4617]
Conference on the pathogenesis of bacterial diseases of animals : Prato : 6-9 October 2010)
Little is known about the epidemiology of C. difficile (CD) within the animal population in Italy and the
relationship between strains of animal origin and those related with human CD-infection (CD1). The
objectives of our work were:
to investigate the diffusion of CD and its toxins in Italian piggeries.
to perform molecular characterization of swine isolates.
To these purposes 121 samples (79 faecal samples, 30 intestinal] contents and 12 rectal swabs)
were collected in 31 different fanns from pigs with an history of diarrhoea. Ali samples were stratified
according to the animal growth phase in: suckling, post-weaning, growing and fattening. Each
sample was cultured in a selective medium for CD and the isolates were identified both by a
commercial biochemical kit and by a species-specific PCR. The presence of toxin A, B and binary
toxin encoding genes was subsequently revealed by a multiplex PCR (2,3). Ali isolates were then
rybotyped (1) and metronidazole and vancomycin MICs were also detonated by E-test strips. CD
was recovered from 30/121 samples (24.8%) collected in 11/31 different farms and the highest
prevalence was detected in suckling piglets (52.63%). 29/30 strains (96.6%) carried the toxin coding
genes whereas only 1/30 (3.4%) was non-toxigenic. The binary toxin genes were found in 14/30
strains (46.6%). 2/30 strains belonged to PCR-ribotype 020, 12/30 to the PCR-ribotype 078 and the
other 15 belonged to two other ribotypes but not ascribable to the epidemic European CD strains
used as a controls. None of the isolates resulted resistant to the first-choice antibiotics against
human CDI. In summary our results demonstrate that CD is widespread in Italian piggeries and that,
as previously reported in other studies, the strains belong mostly to PCR-ribotype 078
.
Elia G, Decaro N, Martella V, Lorusso E, Mari V, Lucente SM, Cordioli° P,
Buonavoglia C
An ELISA based on recombinant spike protein S for the detection of antibodies to
transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine-like canine coronaviruses
J Virol Methods. - Vol. 163 ( 2010). - p 309-312. - 19 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4561]
Recombinant canine coronaviruses, resembling the transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine
(TGEV) in a 5' fragment of the S glycoprotein, have been detected recently and showed to be
present in canine populations. The 5' fragment of the S protein (S') of a TGEV-like canine
coronavirus (CCoV), strain 174/06, was expressed in an Escherichia coli cell-free system. The
purified recombinant polypeptide was employed to develop an ELISA test for the detection of
TGEV-like CCoV-specific antibodies in dog sera. Four canine sera positive for TGEV-like CCoV, six
sera positive to classical CCoV-II strains and 10 negative control sera were examined. The
recombinant S' was not recognized by antibodies to classical CCoV-II, as only sera from dogs
infected experimentally with TGEV-like CCoV reacted strongly with the recombinant S' polypeptide
whereas dog sera with antibodies to classical CCoV-II did not react. As classical CCoV-II and
TEGV-like CCoVs are related antigenically, the recombinant S' ELISA is a useful method to
investigate serologically the prevalence of TGEV-like CCoVs in dogs.
Fabbi° M
Febbre Q: aspetti epidemiologici in Italia
Large Anim Rev. - Vol. 16 suppl al no 5 ( 2010). - p 150. - 10 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4708]
Congresso Nazionale SIPAOC (19 : Pesaro - Rimini : 22/25 Settembre 2010)
Fabbi° M, Prati° P, Vicari° N
Tularemia in lepri di importazione: nuovi aspetti anatomopatologici
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 36-37. 5 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4524]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Tularemia is a zoonosis caused by Francisella tularensis. It mainly occurs naturally in lagomorphs
and rodents. In the autoctonous hares the disease is characterized by fever, depression,
septicaemia and quickly death. On post-mortem examination spleen is usually enlarged and multiple
greyshwhite foci of necrosis on liver, kidney, spleen and lung are present. On the contrary, in
tularemic hares imported from Est-Europe chronic lesions like abscesses in kidney and in the lung
we have observed. Titer in agglutination test of these animals ranged from 1:80 to 1:640
.
Feliziani F, Bani A, Cavaliere N, Gamberale F, Gennero MS, Marchi S, Natale A,
Pezzoni° G, Ruiu A, Vesco G, Vitelli F
Tests ELISA disponibili per la diagnosi sierologica della Leucosi bovina enzootica:
valutazione delle performances e della user-friendliness
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
235-236. - 3 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4498]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus that induces a chronic infection in cattle. Once infected,
cattle remain virus carriers for life and start to show a serological reaction within a few weeks after
infection. Eradication and control of the disease is based on early diagnostic and segregation of the
seropositive animals. ELISA techniques are widely used in this process and so it is important that
they are validated and their performance characteristics and limitations are known. Commercial
ELISA are available and the international normative provides the standardization and the control of
performances of these test. To complete these process, the national reference laboratory organised
an inter-laboratory comparison to also investigate the user-friendliness of commercial ELISA tests
used in Italy
.
Ferrari° M, Borghetti P, Foni° E, Robotti° C, Di_Le cce R, Corradi A, Petrini° S,
Bottarelli E
Pathogenesis and subsequent cross-protection of influenza virus infection in pigs sustained
by an H1N2 strain
Zoonoses Public Health. - Vol. 57 ( 2010). - p 273-280. - 28 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4184]
The H1N1, H3N2 and, more recently, H1N2 subtypes of influenza A virus are presently
co-circulating in swine herds in several countries. The objectives of this study were to investigate the
pathogenesis of Sw/Italy/1521/98 (H1N2) influenza virus, isolated from respiratory tissues of pigs
from herds in Northern Italy, and to evaluate its potential cross-protection against the
Sw/Fin/2899/82 (H1N1) strain. In the pathogenesis test, eight pigs were intranasally infected with
H1N2 virus; at pre-determined intervals, these animals were killed and necropsied, along with eight
uninfected animals. In the cross-protection test, sixteen pigs were infected by intranasal (i.n.) and
intratracheal (i.t.) routes with either H1N2 or H1N1 virus. Twenty days later, all pigs were challenged
(by the same route), with either the homologous H1N2 or heterologous H1N1 virus strains. Control
group was inoculated with culture medium alone. On post-challenge days (PCD) 1 and 3, two pigs
from each infected group, along with one control pig, were killed. Clinical, virological, serological and
histopathological investigations were performed in both the pathogenicity and cross-protection tests.
In the pathogenicity test, mild clinical signs were observed in two pigs during 3 and 4 days,
respectively. Virus was isolated from two pigs over 6 days and from lung samples of pigs killed on
post-infection days 2 and 4. Seroconversion was detected in the two infected animals killed 15 days
after infection. In the cross-protection study, mild clinical respiratory signs were detected in all pigs
infected with either the H1N2 or H1N1 virus. The virus was isolated from nasal swabs of almost all
pigs till 6 days. After the challenge infection, the pigs remained clinically healthy and virus isolation
from the nasal secretions or lung samples was sporadic. Antibody titres in H1N1 or H1N2 infected
groups were similar, whereas the H1N2 sub-type induced less protection against re-infection by
homologous and heterologous virus than H1N1 sub-type. The controls had no signs of the disease.
In the H1N2 infected pigs, a reduced number of goblet cells in nasal and tracheal mucosa and small
foci of lymphomononuclear cell infiltrates in the submucosa were detected. Furthermore, the goblet
cell reduction was related to the time of infection. Diffuse mild interstitial pneumonia was also
recorded in pigs infected with the H1N2 virus and challenged with either H1N1or H1N2 pigs. These
studies showed the moderate virulence of the H1N2 virus and a partial cross-protection against
heterologous infection..
Ferrari° M, Renzi° S, Cornali M, Sesso L, Carlin S
Le nuove frontiere della chirurgia in medicina veterinaria. Impiego terapeutico con cellule
staminali adulte
Prof Vet. - Vol. 7 no 6 ( 2010). - p 13-14. - 19 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4328]
Ferrari° M, Renzi° S, Dessì S, Diaferia G, De_Blasi o P, Biunno I
New cryosolutions and cryopreservation strategies used in a Mesenchymal Stem Cells
(MSCs) bank
Diversity in biobanking: embracing differences, harnessing commonalities : ISBER 2010 Annual
Meeting & Exhibits : May 11-14, 2010 Rotterdam, Netherlands / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 45 [Nr. Estr.
4390]
ISBER 2010 Annual Meeting & Exhibits : Rotterdam, Netherlands : May 11-14, 2010)
Optimization of cryopreservation protocols to maintain the quality of MSCs is an important task for
stem cells banks. To allow long-term storage, MSCs are slowly cooled and stored at -196°C in liquid
nitrogen. Unfortunately, despite the use of well standardized protocols, the percentage of living cells
after thawing is low. In order to use MSCs for regenerative medicine, it is important to find a
cryopreservation solution able not only to reduce cell death but also free of anima] proteins, in order
to reduce zoonoses risk. Materials and Methods - Rat, sheep (models) and horses MSCs were
isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissue and in vitro cultured. Each MSCs sample was frozen
in three different cryoprotectant solutions (BioLife Solutions). After thawing and re-seeding, cell
viability was assessed for three consecutive days and cell counts were performed at 24-h intervals.
Results - Cell viability differences were observed not only among the three different cryopreservation
reagents used but also according to the species from which the MSCs were derived. Equine MSCs
were much more sensitive to the freezing process than rat and sheep derived cells. Conclusions The possibility for long-term storage for MSCs and other types of cells in a frozen state which are
suitable for immediate clinical application could provide immense benefit in regenerative medicine.
Moreover, identification of more effective cryoprotectant solutions deprived of animal proteins could
improve the quality of the freeze/thaw process and reduce cost/benefit ratio.
Ferrari° M, Renzi° S, Sesso L, Cornali M, Carlin S
Banking of mesenchymal stem cells for rendon repair in race horses
Diversity in biobanking : embracing differences, harnessing commonalities : ISBER 2010 Annual
Meeting & Exhibits : May 11-14, 2010 Rotterdam, Netherlands / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 36 [Nr. Estr.
4391]
ISBER 2010 Annual Meeting & Exhibits : Rotterdam, Netherlands : May 11-14, 2010)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are frequently used in veterinary medicine to repair orthopaedic
injuries, particularly in race horses. MSCs can be isolated from dìfferent tissues, but the most
commonly used for ciinical applications are derived from adipose tissue or bone marrow. A branch of
our cell culture bank was dedicated to the storage of MSCs, in order to treat tendon injuries in
horses. Methods -MSCs have been isolated from fat tissue and bone marrow, propagated in vitro
not more than four passages and tested for multi-potentiality. Before freezing, every batch was
subjected to safety controls. Only the batches free from contaminations (viruses, eubacteria and
mycoplasma) were banked. MSCs were used not only for autologous but also for allogeneic
implantation. For implantation, celis were suspended in autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and
inoculated into the damaged tendon. After MSCs treatment, horses were subjected to a rehabilitative
period and to ecographic controls. A sample of every batch was conserved in the bank to be
preserved either for a subsequent treatment or in case of complaint. Results - Currently the MSC
bank consists of 100 batches of celis. Each ampoule contains an average of 7x106 MSCs.
Ecographic examinations showed good tendon regeneration and some of the treated animals have
started competitions. Conclusions - The MSC bank at IZSLER is organized in accordance with
quality parameters. The prepared celis have shown to be useful for clinical application regarding
tendon repair.
Ferris NP, Nordengrahn A, Hutchings GH, Paton DJ, Kristersson T, Brocchi° E,
Grazioli° S, Merza M
Development and laboratory validation of a lateral flow device for the detection of serotype
SAT 2 foot-and-mouth disease viruses in clinical samples
J Virol Methods. - Vol. 163 ( 2010). - p. 474-476. - 12 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4335]
A lateral flow device (LFD) for the detection of all seven serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus
(FMDV) was developed using a monoclonal antibody (Mab 1F10) shown to be pan-reactive to
FMDV strains of each serotype by ELISA. The performance of the LFD was evaluated in the
laboratory on suspensions of vesicular epithelia (304 positive and 1003 negative samples) from
suspected cases of vesicular disease collected from 86 countries between 1965 and 2008 and
negative samples collected from healthy animals. The diagnostic sensitivity of the LFD for FMDV
was similar at 84% compared to 85% obtained by the reference method of antigen ELISA, and the
diagnostic specificity of the LFD was approximately 99% compared to 99.9% for the ELISA. The
device recognized FMDV strains of wide diversity of all seven serotypes but weaker reactions were
often evident with those of type SAT 2, several viruses of which were not detected. Reactions with
the viruses of swine vesicular disease and vesicular stomatitis that produce clinically
indistinguishable syndromes in pigs and cattle, did not occur. The test procedure was simple and
rapid, and typically provided a result within 1–10 min of sample addition. Simple homogenizers that
could be used in field conditions for preparing epithelial suspensions were demonstrated to be
effective for LFD application. These data illustrate the potential for the LFD to be used next to the
animal in the pen-side diagnosis of FMD and for providing rapid and objective support to
veterinarians in their clinical judgment of the disease.
Fiocchi A, Gustinelli A, Trentini M, Bassi° S, Gelm ini° L, Fioravanti° ML
Gastrointestinal helminths in birds of prey from Italy
Parassitologia. - Vol. 52 no 1-2 ( 2010). - p 271 [Nr. Estr. 4573]
Congresso Nazionale della Societa' Italiana di Parassitologia (26. : Perugia : 22-25 giugno 2010)
Fiorentini° L, Taddei° R, Massi° P, Tosi° G
Prova di antibiotico-resistenza nei confronti di 70 ceppi di Salmonella spp. (S. enteritidis, S.
typhimurium, S. hadar, s. virchow e s. infantis) di origine avicola
XLIX Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare (SIPA) : 29-30 Aprile 2010 Forlì : atti /
2010. - p 123-131-. - 9 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4534]
Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (49 : Forli' : 29-30 Aprile 2010)
La Salmonellosi è ancora una delle più frequenti cause di tossinfezione alimentare nel mondo.
L’aumento dell’antibiotico-resistenza osservata nei ceppi di Salmonella isolati può compromettere il
trattamento terapeutico di queste infezioni. Nel corso di questo studio venivano condotte prove di
antibiotico-resistenza nei confronti di 70 ceppi di Salmonella isolati ed identifi cati sierologicamente,
nel corso dell’attività diagnostica, a partire da matrici di origine avicola. Il saggio di sensibilità agli
antibiotici veniva valutato col sistema della Minima Concentrazione Inibente (MIC) utilizzando un
pannello di 22 antibiotici. Salmonella virchow presentava resistenza del 100% verso un maggior
numero di antibiotici rispetto agli altri sierotipi. Alcuni antibiotici fluorchinoloni, ß-lattamici e
cefalosporine di prima e seconda generazione (ofloxacina, amoxicillina-acido clavulanico, cefalotina,
cefuroxime, ciprofl oxacina), inibivano il 100% dei ceppi impiegati. Questo studio sottolinea la
necessità di monitoraggio dell’antibiotico-resistenza dei ceppi patogeni isolati dagli animali e dagli
alimenti da essi prodotti.
Salmonellosis remains one of the most frequent food-borne diseases worldwide. The emergence of
antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolates from food can potentially compromise the treatment
of these infections. This investigation was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance profi le of
the Salmonella isolates. In total 70 strains were investigated. Isolated Salmonella were
characterized by serotyping and susceptibilities were determined for 22 antimicrobial drugs using the
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) assay. All the isolates were susceptible to ofloxacin,
amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefalotine, cefuroxime, ciprofl oxacin, but high rates of resistance were
observed for several other drugs, especially for Salmonella virchow. This study underlines the need
for integrated surveillance systems of antibiotic resistance that consider isolates from the animal
reservoirs and the food vehicles.
Fiorentini° L, Tosi° G, Taddei° R, Massi° P
Studio sulla prevalenza della salmonella isolata da matrici di origine avicola in tre anni di
attività diagnostica (2007, 2008, 2009)
XLIX Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare (SIPA) : 29-30 Aprile 2010 Forlì : attii /
2010. - p 133-150. - 9 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4533]
Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (49 : Forli' : 29-30 Aprile 2010)
Il rischio di contaminazione dei prodotti avicoli da parte di Salmonella spp. è noto alla comunità
scientifica internazionale. Il seguente studio valuta la prevalenza dei vari sierotipi di Salmonella
isolati da diverse matrici di origine avicola in tre anni di attività diagnostica, al fi ne di defi nire la
reale portata del problema negli allevamenti.
The risk of contamination of avian products with Salmonella spp. is well known to the international
scientific community. The present study is aimed at evaluating the actual significance of this issue in
avian farms. To this purpose, the prevalence of the different serotypes of Salmonella spp. isolated
from avian specimens during three years of diagnostic activities has been assessed.
Foni° E, Bublot M, Chiapponi° C, Herin JB, Joisel F , Perreul G, Zanni° I, Vila T
Seroprevalence of H1N1, H3N2 and H1N2 influenza virus in 29 pig farms in France in 2009
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 565. - 4 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4569]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Foni° E, Chiapponi° C, Sozzi° E, Barbieri° I, Moren o° AM, Merenda° M, Luppi° A,
Alborali° L, Cordioli° P
Caratterizzazione di virus influenzali circolanti nel suino negli anni 2008-2009 in italia =
Characterization of swine influenza viruses circulating in Italy in 2008-2009
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 159-166. - 11 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4349]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Negli anni 2008 e 2009 nell’ambito della attivita diagnostica routinaria delle forme respiratorie del
suino, sono stati raccolti, da allevamenti del Nord Italia, 1854 campioni di polmoni e tamponi nasali
che sono stati sottoposti ad analisi tramite RTPCR per la ricerca del virus infl uenzale suino. A
partire dai campioni risultati positivi alla prova biomolecolare, 114 nel 2008 e 102 nel 2009, sono
stati isolati rispettivamente 52 (25 H1N1, 7 H1N2 e 20 H3N2) e 54 stipiti virali stipiti virali (21 H1N1,
19 H1N2, 13 H3N2 e 1 H1N1 Pandemico 2009). Sono stati selezionati 24 virus sui quali sono state
eseguite analisi genetiche. Gli studi genetici hanno confermato, per quanto riguarda i virus H1N1,
una distribuzione omogenea nell’ambito del gruppo di virus europei “avianlike” rappresentati dallo
stipite di referenza A/sw/Finistere/2899/82. I virus H3N2, per quanto riguarda la sequenza
dell’emoagglutinina (HA) dimostrano ancora una stretta correlazione con l’ HA del virus progenitore
A/Port Chalmers/73, mentre la sequenza della neuroaminidasi (NA) si avvicina a quella di recenti
stipiti suini tedeschi di virus H1N2. L’analisi genetica dei virus del sottotipo H1N2 ha invece
evidenziato in questi virus italiani la presenza di riassortanti la cui HA dimostra di essere correlata a
quella tipica dei virus H1N2 europei, mentre la NA chiaramente distinta da questi e risulta invece
molto vicina alle caratteristiche genetiche della NA di virus umani H3N2 di recente isolamento.
Samples from 1854 outbreaks of respiratory disease in Italian pig farms, collected in 2008-2009,
were submitted to RT-PCR for infl uenza virus M gene. From 114 RT-PCR positive samples
collected in 2008, 52 swine infl uenza viruses (SIVs) were isolated and subtyped (25 H1N1, 7 H1N2
and 20 H3N2). From 102 RT-PCR positive samples collected in 2009, 54 SIVs were isolated and
subtyped ( 21 H1N1, 19 H1N2, 13 H3N2 and 1 H1N1 Pandemic 2009). Genetic and phylogenetic
analysis of H1N1 strains showed a low degree of etherogeneity, confi rming the circulation of viruses
referring to the “avian–like” Sw/Finistere/2899/82. Haemoagglutinin (HA) of H3N2 SIVs showed to
be strictly correlated to the reference strain A/Port Chalmers/73, while it was demonstrated that the
neuroaminidase (NA) was correlated to NA of recent German H1N2 SIVs. Phylogenetic analysis of
H1N2 SIVs showed that these recent Italian strains were reassortant strains carrying the HA closely
related to European H1N2 SIVs and the NA to the recent H3N2 human influenza virus.
Foni° E, Garbarino C, Chiapponi° C
Serological investigation on convalescent sera from swine influenza outbreaks in Northern
Italy
1st Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) : 15-17
September, 2010 Lelystad, The Netherlands : abstract / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - P-1-07. - 3 bib ref [Nr.
Estr. 4646]
Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) (1st : Lelystad,
The Netherlands : 15-17 September, 2010)
Formato G, Cardeti G, Corrias F, Terracciano G, Ermenegildi A, Milito M, Cersini A,
Antognetti V, Lavazza° A, Piazza A, Zottola T, Broc herel G, Ragona G, Stefanelli S,
Amaddeo D, Brajon G, Forletta R, Scholl F
Focolai di malattie delle api diagnosticati nelle regioni Lazio e Toscana dal 2004 al primo
semestre 2010
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
239-240. - 1 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4497]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Between 2004 and June 2010, laboratories of Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni
Lazio e Toscana (IZSLT) diagnosed 285 outbreaks of noticeable honeybee diseases and 105
outbreaks of viral infections. Samples were mainly collected in different areas of Lazio and Tuscany
regions. The diagnostic activities of IZSLT for the honeybee’s health during the above mentioned
seven years of observation are certainly of great value both for beekeepers and for Public Veterinary
Services; the formers to improve their productions, the others to plan adequate health controls.
Fusaro A, Monne I, Cattoli G, De_Nardi R, Salviato A, Moreno_Martin° A, Capua I,
Terregino C
Gene segment reassortment between Eurasian and American clades of avian influenza virus
in Italy
Arch Virol. - Vol. 155 ( 2010). - p 77-81. - 25 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4217]
All genes of avian influenza A viruses are phylogenetically distinguished into two large clades,
namely the American and Eurasian clade. Reassortments among the gene segments of influenza
viruses belonging to the two distinct clades are rare events and have never been described in
poultry in Europe and Asia before. This study presents the genetic characterization of two influenza
viruses isolated from domestic mallards in Italy in 2004 and 2005. Phylogenetic analysis of the entire
genome showed that these viruses contain mixed gene segments belonging to the American and
Eurasian clades.
Gaffuri° A, Fugazza S, Rota_Nodari° S, Vicari° N, B arbieri° I, Paterlini° F,
Lanfranchi P
Toxoplasma gondii in wild boar and roe deer in Northern Italy: serosurvey and PCR-RFLP
9th conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) " Healthy wildlife, healthy
people" : Vlieland, The Netherlands, 13 to 16 September 2010 / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 71 [Nr. Estr.
4671]
Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) (9th : Vlieland, The
Netherlands : 13 to 16 September 2010)
Toxoplasma gondii infects all warm-blooded animals; in Europe several studies carried out in wildlife
show seropositivity towards this parasite, in particular in wild ungulates. In Northern Italy in the last
years the culling of wild boar and roe deer is significantly increased and then the game meat
consumption. As eating of raw or undercooked meat is a risk factor for Toxoplasmosis transmission
to humans, we performed a serosurvey for this protozoan and its research in the muscular tissue.
The samples were collected during the 2008 and2009 hunting seasons; wild boar sera were tested
by IFIT (Toxo-spot ®IF, bio-Meriaux) while roe deer by a commercial Elisa kit (ID Screen®
Toxoplasmosis Indirect ELISA, IDVET, Montpellier, France); we analysed respectively 281 and 505
sera:. 63 wild boar (22.4%, I.C. 95% 17.77-27.84) and 110 roe deer sera were positive (21.78%,
I.C. 95% 18.31-25.69). We further examined the muscular tissues of the seropositive animals for
directly detecting the parasite by a PCR-RFLP assay targeting the 18S small-subunit ribosomal
gene of T. gondii. The PCR was carried out on samples of muscular tissue (heart, diaphragm and
masseter) of 53 seropositive wild boar and from 49 hearts of seropositive roe deer. All the samples
tested negative. By the restriction enzyme analysis of the amplified products we detected positive
samples for Sarcocystis spp., that by sequencing analysis has been identified as S. miescheriana in
wild boar and as S. cruzi and S. gracilis in roe deer. Although we couldn’t detect the parasite in
muscular tissue, the serological results show a remarkable exposure to T. gondii in both host
species and recommend a correct information and public health implication, also considering that
consumption of undercooked or cured game is a widespread habit.
Gale P, Stephenson B, Younas A, Ulrich RG, Lindstrom A, Wahistrom H, Scremin
M, Martinez M, De_La_Torre A, Munoz MJ, Bosch J, Capelli G, Phipps P, Dottori°
M, Bonilauri° P, Wilson A, Yin H
Towards a qualitative spatial model for risk of incursion of Crimean-Congo haemmorrhagic
fever in livestok in Europe
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., c2010]. - p [Nr. Estr. 4578]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Gale P, Stephenson B, Younas A, Ulrich RG, Martinez M, Munoz MJ, De_La_Torre
A, Bosch J, Wahjstrom H, Lindstrom A, Capelli G, Scremin M, Bonilauri° P,
Dottori° M, Phipps P, Yin H, De_Koeijer, De_Vos C, Younas A, Stephenson B
Impact of climate change of the risk of occurrence of vector-borne diseases in Europe
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., c2010]. - p [Nr. Estr. 4579]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Galletti° E, Bonilauri° P, Bardasi° L, Fontana° MC,
Ramini° M, Renzi° M, Merialdi°
G
A new taqman MGB real-time PCR for the quantification and monitoring of canine
Leishmaniasis
1st Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) : 15-17
September, 2010 Lelystad, The Netherlands : abstract / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - P-2-09. - 5 bib ref [Nr.
Estr. 4610]
Congress European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) (1st : Lelystad,
The Netherlands : 15-17 September, 2010)
Galletti° E, Merialdi° G, Antonelli A, Brini E, Fus aro L, Sarli G, Fontana° MC,
Spaggiari° B, Martelli P
Isoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in newborn piglets: a case report
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 909. - 2 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4432]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Galuppini° E, Peroni° S, Giuradei° F, D’Amico° S, P anteghini° C, Finazzi° G, Losio°
MN
Valutazione dell’attivita’ probiotica del formaggio Silter DOP
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
249-250. - 6 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4495]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
The aim of this work is demonstrate probiotic characteristic of some lactic acid bacteria autochthon
clusters that are present spontaneously in a traditional cheese (Silter DOP).The work was divided in
four steps: isolation of lactic acid bacteria from the cheese matrix, molecular characterization of
bacterial clusters (ARDRA and RIBOPRINTER), valuation of bacteriocins production and study of
lactic acid bacteria adhesion to human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells. The results show the probiotic
characteristics of the isolated lactic bacteria.
Gelmetti° D, Bertoletti° I, Giudice C
Bilateral complex microphthalmia with intraocular dermoid cyst in a neonate red deer
(Cervus elaphus)
J Wild Dis. - Vol. 46 no 3 ( 2010). - p 961-965. - 16 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4476]
A 3-day-old, male red deer (Cervus elaphus) with bilateral microphthalmia was found dead in the
Western Alps in northern Italy. No other gross alterations were present. Ocular globes were formalin
fixed and processed for histology. In both eyes, a large cyst, filled with keratin and lined by
squamous epithelium admixed with sebaceous glands and hair follicles, expanded the anterior
chamber. A mass composed of spindle cells and small tubules, embedded in myxoid ground
substance, filled the vitreal chamber. No lens tissue was found, leading to the speculation that the
dermoid cystic structures originated from abnormal differentiation of the primitive ectodermal lens
vesicle. Immunohistochemistry with a panel of antibodies against cytoskeletal proteins revealed
neural and mesenchymal elements within the vitreal mass. A complex bilateral ocular dysgenesis,
with microphthalmia, aphakia, and dermoid metaplasia of primitive lens vesicle was diagnosed. The
latter finding was unusual and was previously documented only in Texel sheep (Ovis ammon), in
which it was related to specific gene mutation on chromosome 23.
Gelmini° L, Bassi° S, Carra° E, D’Incau° M, Fiocchi
Zicavo° A, Pongolini° S
A, Sala L, Magistrali° L, Ferri M,
Salmonella Hessarek in starling (Sturnus vulgaris): diagnosis and molecular study of
outbreak and collection isolates
9th conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) " Healthy wildlife, healthy
people" : Vlieland, The Netherlands, 13 to 16 September 2010 / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 77 [Nr. Estr.
4548]
Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) (9th : Vlieland, The
Netherlands : 13 to 16 September 2010)
Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Hessarek (S. Hessarek) belongs to
serogroup B and is considered a rare serovar. Firstly identified as a new serovar following isolation
from a dead crow (Corvus corax) in Iran, it has been mostly isolated from starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
since, in this species it exhibits high virulence giving rise to outbreaks sometimes characterized by
significant mortality. Therefore, It is considered a serovar with high host specificity. In this report we
describe an outbreak of S. Hessarek infection in starlings occurred in October 2009 in the city of
Modena, Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy). Methods: Thirty-two dead starlings were subjected to a
diagnostic protocol including necropsy, bacteriological, virological and parassitological examination.
S. Hessarek was isolated from thirty-one birds and ten isolates were genotyped by PFGE with XbaI
and AvrII endonucleases. Further fourteen collection-isolates originating from diverse places and
time-periods were genotyped with the same method to assess the genetic variability of this serovar
and to elucidate possible epidemiological relationships among isolates. Results: Hepatomegaly with
small foci of necrosis in the liver, splenomegaly, focal haemorrhages of the pericardium and lungs
and intestinal congestion were observed at necropsy. S. Hessarek was isolated in pure culture from
all tested organs. Virological tests for Newcastle Disease, West-Nile Disease Flavivirus and type A
avian influenza were negative. Parassitological tests were negative for all animals but one. All ten
outbreak isolates showed the same XbaI and AvrII PFGE profiles. The fourteen collection strains
were grouped into three different profiles with both enzymes, among them six belonged to the same
genotype as the outbreak isolates. Conclusions: Our report confirms that S. Hessarek is a pathogen
capable of causing an acute and deadly disease in starling. Considerations regarding the genetic
variability of tested isolates are presented in the poster.
Gentile A, Bettini G, Dalla_Pria A, Rosignoli° C, S abattini S, Scarpa F, Testoni S
Esperienze cliniche ed anatomopatologiche sulla c.d. pancitopenia neonatale del bovino :
nota preliminare = Clinical and anatomo pathological experiences on the Bovine Neonatal
Pancytopenia
Buiatria. - Vol. 5 no 2 ( 2010). - p 3-6. - 6 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4458]
Negli ultimi tempi, in maniera similare a quanto sta accadendo in altri paesi europei, gli allevatori
italiani stanno segnalando, con crescente intensità, casi di sindromi emorragiche in giovani vitelli. In
questa nota preliminare, gli autori, in attesa di dati più precisi, illustrano gli aspetti clinici ed
anatomo-patologici riscontrati nella casistica goduta in termini diretti.
In recent times; similar to other European countries, Italian farmers have also been reporting the
worrisome occurrence of hemorrhagic syndromes associated with pancytopenia in young calves. In
this preliminary note the authors illustrate the clinical and anatomo- pathological aspects of the
caseload directly experienced.
Gibelli° LR, Aquaro G, Salogni° C, Galli P, Gelmett i° D
Descrizione di un episodio di infestazione da Sciadicleithrum variabilum in un allevamento di
Discus (Symphysodon discus) = Sciadicleithrum variabilum infection in breeding discus
(Symphysodon discus)
Atti VII congresso nazionale Associazione Italiana di Patologia Veterinaria (AIPVet) : 17-18 Giugno
2010 Castelsardo (SS) / [s.l. : Associazione italiana di patologia veterinaria, 2010]. - p 10 [Nr. Estr.
4635]
Congresso nazionale AIPVet (7. : Castelsardo (SS) : 17-18 Giugno 2010)
Le malattie parassitarie sono altamente diffuse nell’allevamento dei pesci e sono fra le più importanti
patologie che colpiscono i pesci ornamentali. Durante l’inverno 2009 in un allevamento della
provincia di Brescia, si osservava un episodio di alta mortalità in giovani discus. I pesci mostravano
sintomi respiratori, anoressia cui seguiva perdita di peso e morte. All’esame autoptico, in pesci di
3-10 cm le branchie erano iperemiche, con emorragie diffuse, ricoperte da un abbondante muco
grigiastro. Microscopicamente i raschiati branchiali mostravano numerosi parassiti allungati, più di
200 per ogni singolo ospite, muniti di organi adesivi, dei appartenenti alla classe Monogenoidea.
Istologicamente le branchie mostravano una flogosi linfo-eosinofilica, lamelle primarie fuse insieme,
necrosi multifocali e numerosi corpi parassitari (da 1 a 8) erano ancorati ad ogni singola lamella
primaria. L’esame parassitologico identificava i parassiti come appartenenti alla specie
Sciadicleithrum variabilum. E’ stata caratterizzata una regione di DNA codificante per la citocromo
ossidasi I (COI), per rendere possibile in futuro l’identificazione rapida della specie considerata, S.
variabilum. L’elevata temperatura di allevamento e le assidue cure parentali tipiche della specie
favoriscono il moltiplicarsi e la trasmissione di Sciadicleithrum variabilum. La massiccia infestazione
della delicata struttura branchiale in discus di giovani età è direttamente correlabile all’alta mortalità
osservata nell’episodio descritto.
Parasitic diseases are extremely diffused and are one of the most important causes of mortality in
the ornamental fish trading. This work describes a Sciadicleithrum variabilum infection in Italian
breeding discus, that occurred during winter 2009, causing high mortality in young fishes. Affected
fishes showed anorexia and respiratory distress. Histologically, branchial filaments were influxed of
mononuclear cells. Epithelial cells were hyperplastic, fused together and focally necrotic. Several
elongated parasite bodies, comprised from 1 to 8, rarely complete, lie down on secondary gill
lamellae, attached with the haptor. Moreover, a partial region of the cytochrome oxidase I gene
(COI) was sequenced in order to obtain a molecular marker for future identification of S. variabilum
species. Our report suggests that is extremely important to control infections in breeding discus
stocks through the appropriate use of therapeutic prophylaxes and good management practices:
sanitary stops, precocious separation of offspring from parents, quarantine and treatment of new
introduced fishes.
Gibelli° LR, Salogni° C, Canelli° E, Barbieri° I, C atella° A, Gelmetti° D
Descrizione di un focolaio di una patologia neurologica in cavalli da corsa = A neurological
outbreak in three equine stable
Atti VII congresso nazionale Associazione Italiana di Patologia Veterinaria (AIPVet) : 17-18 Giugno
2010 Castelsardo (SS) / [s.l. : Associazione italiana di patologia veterinaria, 2010]. - p 10 [Nr. Estr.
4634]
Congresso nazionale AIPVet (7. : Castelsardo (SS) : 17-18 Giugno 2010)
Quindici cavalli da concorso appartenenti ad un centro ippico situato nella provincia di Brescia
hanno manifestato una sintomatologia neurologica. Gli animali erano febbrili e atassici. I casi più
gravi mostravano una progressiva paralisi dei quarti posteriori fino alla tetraplegia seguita, in 7
soggetti, da eutanasia e 3 di questi sono stati sottoposti ad approfondimenti diagnostici.
Macroscopicamente era presente edema cerebrale; istologicamente una mieloencefalite linfocitaria
associata a disturbi di circolo. Gli esami batteriologici erano negativi. Le indagini virologiche,
biomolecolari e di immunoistochimica hanno dimostrato la presenza dell’Herpesvirus equino
tipo1(EHV-1) nel sistema nervoso centrale. L’immunopositività era focale e limitata al citoplasma
delle cellule endoteliali. L’indagine genetica su un frammento ORF30 ha evidenziato una mutazione
puntiforme già descritta per il genotipo neuropatogeno. Nonostante la vaccinazione nei confronti
dell’EHV1 sia largamente utilizzata, la protezione nei confronti dei ceppi neuropatogeni virulenti non
è assoluta. Infatti, come nel caso descritto, si può verificare che la circolazione di tali stipiti associata
in alcuni soggetti, a cause predisponesti, evolva in una mieloencefalite irreversibile. La molteplicità
delle encefaliti infettive presenti in Europa, alcune delle quali a carattere zoonosico, impone di
raggiungere una diagnosi eziologica attraverso indagini multidisciplinari, la maggior parte delle quali
utilizza pannelli di anticorpi specifici. Tali reagenti sono indispensabili per identificare gli isolati e per
valutare la distribuzione dell’antigene negli organi.
This work describes a neurological disease affecting 15 race horses recovered in a stable located in
Lombardia a northern region of Italy. Fever, weakness, pelvic limbs paralysis and recumbency were
the main signs. Seven tetraplegic animals were euthanized and 3 of them were submitted to
laboratory for investigations. Cerebral oedema was the only gross lesion present; histologycally a
lymphocytic mieloencephalitis with vascular disorders was observed. Equine Herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1)
was detected by real-time PCR, isolated from the nervous central system on RK13 cells and
immunostained by using specific monoclonal antibodies. The genetic analysis of the partial ORF30
of the isolated strains revealed the presence of the genetic mutation on the polymerase gene
previously described for the EHV-1 neuropathogenic genotype. Although the use of an indirect
prophylaxis, neuropathogenic EHV-1 cause encephalitis, our data confirmed that the ORF30
mutation is typical of neurotrophic strains. As infectious encephalitis could be a zoonotic pathology,
morphological diagnosis could be completed by using specific tools such as specific monoclonal
antibodies that appear to be the most suitable once.
Golfari G, Dall’Ara A, Massi° P, Poglayen G
Tecnologia biologica per il trattamento di pollina di ovaiole (brev. europeo EP 1314710 A1):
progetto MIDA (Manure Hygienization Development and Application) sanitizzazione
XLIX Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare (SIPA) : 29-30 Aprile 2010 Forlì : atti /
2010. - p 167-176-. - 4 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4535]
Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (49 : Forli' : 29-30 Aprile 2010)
L’obiettivo è quello di superare la gestione della pollina come rifi uto e la necessità di terreni agricoli
per il suo spandimento, attraverso la produzione diretta di fertilizzante di qualità, igienico, in grado di
migliorare la struttura del terreno e la sua fertilità, oltre a recuperare il suolo dalla
predesertificazione. In dettaglio, l’obiettivo del progetto era quello di verifi care l’igienizzazione della
pollina di gallina ovaiola tramite bio-trattamento, ai sensi delle indicazioni contenute nel Reg. (CE)
1774/2002. Il prodotto ottenuto non è un rifiuto, ma un fertilizzante organico igienico, sicuro e
commerciabile. La pollina, essiccata a tre diversi livelli di umidità tramite MDS (Manure Drying
System), è stata trattata all’interno di big-bags e in cumulo, con l’aggiunta di PAV (principi attivi
vegetali) biocatalizzatori di origine vegetale, in un allevamento avicolo del nostro Paese. Il
campionamento e le analisi sulla pollina, prelevata a -3 (prima dell’ingresso nel MDS), 0, 38, 81, 123
giorni, sono stati condotti seguendo il Reg. (CE) 1774/2002 che prevede durante il processo:
- la riduzione di 5 unità log 10 di Enterococcus faecalis;
- la riduzione di 3 unità log 10 di Parvovirus.
Sono inoltre richieste nel prodotto fi nito e nell’immagazzinamento rispettivamente:
- concentrazione di Escherichia coli inferiore o uguale a 1.000 ufc/g;
- assenza di Salmonella spp.
In questa fase iniziale, a causa della elevata resistenza ambientale degli elementi di dispersione dei
parassiti, abbiamo aggiunto anche la valutazione dell’attività dei PAV sulle oocisti dei coccidi e sulle
uova di ascaridi. Questo ha giustificato il prelievo di campioni al giorno -3 utile per valutare la carica
parassitaria della pollina all’atto della emissione. Contemporaneamente sono stati ricercati anche
miceti patogeni e saprofiti. Per l’assenza di malattie da Parvovirus nel pollame, allo scopo di
ottemperare al reg. (CE) 1774/2002, abbiamo sviluppato una prova “figlia” in condizioni controllate,
aggiungendo Parvovirus di origine suina nella pollina. In generale, l’attività sperimentale di MIDA ha
dato buoni risultati nella riduzione dei parametri biologici dopo 123 giorni, dati che incoraggiano gli
autori a perseverare nello sviluppo del progetto ed anche nella ricerca di un sostegno fi nanziario.
Overall, the goal is to overcome the management of manure as waste and the agricultural lands
need for its spreading through the direct production of quality 168 hygienic fertilizer, that improves
the soil structure, enhances its fertility and rehabilitates for predesertification. In details, the aim of
the project was to verify laying hen manure (LHM) hygienisation by bio-treatment, according to Reg.
(CE) 1774/2002 indications. The obtained product, should be transformed not in a waste, but in an
hygienic and marketable safe organic fertilizer. LHM dried at three different level of humidity by MDS
(Manure Drying System) was treated inside big-bags and pile, by adding PAV (Vegetal Active
Principles) a
biocatalyst of plant origin, in a poultry farm in Italy. Manure sampling and analysis, taken at days -3
(before MDS), 0, 38, 81, 123, were carried out following Reg. (CE) 1774/2002 and taking into
account also the chemical nutrients considered in D. Lgs. 217/06. Objectives for thermal and
chemical process are:
- absence of Salmonella spp.in 25 grams;
- concentration of Escherichia coli in 1 gram lower than or equal to 1000 u.f.c.;
- reduction 5 log 10 of Enterococcus faecalis in 1 gram;
- reduction 3 log 10 of Parvovirus.
In this early stage, due to the high environmental resistance of dispersal stages of parasites, we
have added also the evaluation of PAV’s activity on coccidia and ascarid eggs. This justified the
sampling at day -3 useful to assess the parasites burden in the fresh LHM. Also pathogen and
saprophytic fungi were searched with the same timing. Due to the absence of Parvovirus in poultry,
to follow the reg. (CE) 1774/2002 we have developed a “daughter” trial in controlled conditions
adding Parvovirus of swine origin to LHM. From a general point of view, the experimental activity of
MIDA has shown good results in reducing biological parameters after 123 days and appears to be
encouraging for the authors to go on, developing the project and searching for financial support.
Gosney FL, McAuliffe L, Barden G, Nicholas RAJ, Aylingl RD, Garbarino° C,
Merenda° M, Luini° M
Analysis of mycoplasma bovis isolates from bovine milk in Northern Italy
18th International Congress of the IOM : July 11-16th, 2010 Chianciano Terme, Siena, Italy :
program and abstracts / [s.l. : s.n, 2010]. - p 190-191 [Nr. Estr. 4606]
International Congress of the IOM (18th : Chianciano Terme, Siena, Italy : July 11-16th, 2010)
Mycoplasma bovis, the agent responsible for bovine mastitis, arthritis and pneumonia has been
reported to be causing clinica] disease in dairy herds in the regions Lombardia and Emilia Romagna
in Italy with an increase seen in outbreaks of mastitis from 5 in 2007 to 38 in 2009. Surveillance for
M. bovís has increased in these regions and studies have been undertaken to investigate the
molecular epidemiology, mechanisms of virulence and antimicrobial sensitivity of these isolates.
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) was applied to 28 M. bovis isolates using the restriction
enzyme Smal. The PFGE results enabled the grouping of isolates based on their genetic profiles,
showing the clustering of farms within close proximity of each other indicating that the same strain
type is most likely circulating on these farms. Conversely, a high level of diversity was observed on
one farm (farm A) where only 50% similarity was displayed between isolates. The antimicrobial
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined against 14 antimicrobials. The MIC values
demonstrated the ineffectiveness of many antimicrobials in vitro with values of more than >32 µg/ml;
The MIC values obtained linked to the source farm. Isolates from farm A ali had high MIC values
against the lincosamides, whereas farms C, D and H which were neighbouring farms were
consistently high against spectinomycin, while farm G had high MIC values against the
fluoroquinolones. However the MIC profiles did not correlate with the PFGE profiles. Biofilm studies
were also undertaken using a giass coverslip modei in Eaton's medium to provide an air/liquid
interface. Celis were incubated for 2 weeks at 37°C allowing the formation of a biofilm. The M. bovis
isolates exhibited a wide range of biofilm forming abilities however they dici not correlate with the
PFGE or MIC results. The most prolific biofilm formers were present in farm G, with ali other farms
showing mixed variability in biofilm formation. These varying techniques can be appiied in
combination to heip understand and characterise M. bovis outbreaks.
Gradassi° M, Pavesi° R, Boniotti° B, Nassuato° C, G iovannini° S, Giacomini E,
Bellini° S, Pacciarini° M, Alborali° L
PRRSV in campioni di fluido orale: studio longitudinale in condizioni di campo = Detection of
PRRSV in oral fluid samples: longitudinal study under field conditions
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 225-231. - 12 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4357]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Il controllo della PRRS in allevamento e un percorso complesso che si deve avvalere di diverse
misure ed interventi e che, a causa dell’elevato numero di campioni diagnostici necessari, risulta
spesso oneroso. La scelta del fl uido orale quale matrice diagnostica sembra oggi rappresentare
una promettente alternativa al siero. Scopo di questo lavoro e stato quello di monitorare l’infezione
da PRRSV in allevamento attraverso un campionamento longitudinale di sieri, secondo i protocolli
diagnostici normalmente in uso, e di confrontare i risultati ottenuti con le indagini effettuate su
campioni collettivi di saliva. I nostri risultati, sebbene preliminari, suggeriscono che la sensibilita
relativa del test qRT-PCR su fl uido orale rispetto al gold standard, PCR individuale su siero, puo
essere considerata soddisfacente.
PRRS (Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome) control in swine farms is an ambitious
challenge that has to be based on different measures and intervention plans and that, because of
the high amount of diagnostic samples required, is often cost prohibitive. The selection of oral fl uid
as diagnostic specimen is likely to be a promising alternative to serum. The main purpose of the
present experimental study was to monitor PRRSV infection towards a longitudinal sampling of sera,
according to the traditional diagnostic protocols, and to match sera with collective pen-based oral fl
uid results. The preliminary data presented here suggests that the diagnostic sensitivity of the
quantitative RT-PCR on oral fl uids, compared to the gold standard (RT-PCR on individual serum
samples), can be accounted as satisfactory.
Gradassi° M, Zanoni° M, Salogni° C, Tagliabue° S, D 'Incau° M, Bertasi° B, Losio°
MN, Boni° P, Alborali° GL
Phagetyping, riboprinting and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella Typhimurium
isolated from Italian heavy pigs at slaughter
International Symposium Salmonella and Salmonellosis : June 28-30, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
proceedings / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 275-276 [Nr. Estr. 4474]
International Symposium Salmonella and Salmonellosis : Saint-Malo, France : June, 28-30, 2010)
Grazioli° S, Brocchi° E, Dho G, Ferris NP
A simple antigen detection ELISA kit for FMDV serotypes O, A, C and Asia 1
FMD Week 2010 : open session of the Standing Technical Comitee of the EuFMD Commission
"New tools and challenges for progressive control" : 27 September - 1 October 2010 Vienna,
Austria : book of abstract / Rome : FAO, 2010. - p 41 [Nr. Estr. 4736]
FMD Week 2010 : Vienna, Austria : 27 September - 1 October 2010)
Grazioli° S, Nassuato° C, Brocchi° E
Performance del test ELISA per anticorpi anti-MVS valutate attraverso ring test
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
259-260. - 3 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4494]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Serosurveillance for Swine Vesicular Disease (SVD) is regularly performed in Italy in compliance
with the SVD eradication program, using the competitive ELISA recommended by OIE and
developed by the National Reference Laboratory (NRL). This study reports on results of test
performances evaluated by the 2009 national ring trial performed by 14 laboratories on a wide and
diversifi ed panel of 84 samples. The exercise proved overall harmonization and accuracy of results
among laboratories, with some variation confi ned to borderline samples. Results confi rmed
robustness and user-friendliness of the assay and reliability of the outcomes for the management
and control of the disease.
Hauffe HC, Niklasson B, Olsson T, Bianchi° P, Rizzo li A, Klitz W
Ljungan virus detected in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) and yellow-necked mice (Apodemus
flavicollis) from Northern Italy
J Wild Dis. - Vol. 46 no 1 ( 2010). - p 262-266. - 22 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4240]
Identified in 1998, Ljungan virus (LV; Picornaviridae) causes type 1 diabetes–like symptoms and
myocarditis in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) from Sweden and Denmark, and may be a zoonotic
agent of several important diseases (e.g., intrauterine fetal death, type 1 diabetes, Guillain-Barré
syndrome, and myocarditis). Using a real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction
assay and sequence analysis, we detected LV in bank voles, and for the first time, in yellow-necked
mice (Apodemus flavicollis) collected during 2006 from a site in northern Italy. The global distribution
of LV and its role as a mammalian pathogen deserve further attention.
Iodice G, Luppi° A, Franchi L, Bonilauri° P, Merend a° M, Dottori° M
Infezione contemporanea da sierotipi 4 e 12 di Haemophilus parasuis in un allevamento suino
= Simultaneous infection by serotypes 4 and 12 of Haemophilus parasuis in a swine herd
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 213-220. - 14 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4356]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Nel periodo Marzo-Aprile 2009, in un allevamento suino ubicato nel nord Italia, e stato osservato un
aumento delle perdite totali (morti e scarti) nella fase di post-svezzamento. L’anamnesi segnalava
sintomatologia respiratoria associata a zoppie, sintomi nervosi e stati febbrili raggiungendo elevati
indici di morbilita e mortalita. In seguito ad esami batteriologici eseguiti presso la sezione di Reggio
Emilia dell’Istituto Zooprofi lattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER),
sono stati isolati due sierotipi di Haemophilus parasuis tipizzati tramite immunodiffusione in agar gel
ed emoagglutinazione indiretta. In particolare, due ceppi appartenenti al sierotipo 4 sono stati isolati
da suini presentanti la forma sistemica (polisierosite), mentre un terzo ceppo, isolato da un suino
con quadri di broncopolmonite catarrale e risultato appartenere al sierotipo 12. Questi risultati sono
in accordo con la classifi cazione riportata da Kielstein e Rapp-Gabrielson del 1992, nella quale il
sierotipo 12 viene descritto come altamente virulento ed in grado di provocare la morte in suini SPF
4 giorni dopo l’infezione, in assenza di quadri di polisierosite. Al contrario il sierotipo 4, sempre nella
stessa classifi cazione viene inquadrato come a moderata virulenza ed in grado di provocare quadri
di polisierosite, con mortalita bassa o assente. Tuttavia, la relazione tra sierotipi isolati e lesioni
anatomopatologiche osservate in campo puo essere soggetta ad elevata variabilita ed essere infl
uenzata da diversi fattori (fattori legati all’ospite, vaccinazioni, coinfezioni batteriche e virali). Nel
caso clinico descritto H.parasuis e stato riscontrato in associazione con altri patogeni come
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae e PRRSV (Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
Virus). I risultati di questo lavoro sottolineano l’importanza di una corretta sierotipizzazione dei ceppi
di H.parasuis isolati, soprattutto nell’ottica di approntare idonee misure terapeutiche e soprattutto di
profilassi vaccinale.
In a pig-farm of northern Italy, during March-April 2009, was observed an increasing losses in the
post-weaning period. The piglets showed respiratory symptoms coupled with lameness, nervous
signs and pyrexia (41°C). Two serovars of Haemophil us parasuis were isolated from diseased pigs
in connection with routine diagnostics of Istituto Zooprofi lattico of Lombardia and Emilia Romagna
(IZSLER), Reggio Emilia Laboratory. The strains isolated were serotyped using the agar gel
immunodiffusion test and indirect haemoagglutination. Two strains isolated from pigs with systemic
disease (polysierositis) belonged to serovar 4, while another strain isolated from pig with
bronchopneumonia was serotyped as serovar 12. This results agreed with the classifi cation of
Kielstein and Rapp-Gabrielson (1992), in which the serovar 12 has been shown to be highly virulent
causing death in SPF pigs within 4 days after infection without polysierositis. In contrast, in the same
classifi cation, serovar 4 would be moderately virulent causing polysierositis and generally not death.
However, the connection between serovar isolated and gross lesions observed can be influenced by
several factors (host factors, vaccinations and other bacterial and viral diseases). In this work H.
parasuis coexisted with other pathogens like Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and PRRSV. The
results of this work showed the importance of isolates serotyping, mainly if the vaccination is to be
used for disease protection.
Lavazza° A, Cardeti G
Virosi delle api e mortalità degli alveari
Apinforma. - Vol. 15 no 3 ( 2010). - p 10-13 [Nr. Estr. 4483]
Lavazza° A, Cardeti G
Virosi delle api : attività diagnostica e considerazioni pratiche
Apinforma. - Vol. 15 no 4 ( 2010). - p 9-13 [Nr. Estr. 4484]
Lelli° D, Moreno° A, Brocchi° E, Sozzi° E, Gamba° D
M, Cordioli° P
, Autorino G, Clavero J, Angel
West Nile Virus: characterization of monoclonal antibodies and potential application in
laboratory diagnosis
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., 2010]. - p 161-162 [Nr. Estr. 4468]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Lelli° D, Tamba° M, Cordioli° P, Moreno° A, Bonilau ri° P, Sozzi° E, Canelli° E,
Cerioli° M, Dottori° M
West Nile disease: epidemic update in Lombardia and Emilia-Romagna (Italy) in 2009
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., 2010]. - p 154 [Nr. Estr. 4615]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Lombardi° G
Suinicoltura : benessere animale, verso un miglioramento
Osservatorio. - Vol. 13 no 2 ( 2010). - p 9-14 [Nr. Estr. 4602]
Luini° M
Bovine dermatophytosis: control and field experiences in Northern Italy
Parassitologia. - Vol. 52 no 1-2 ( 2010). - p 127-130. - 11 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4730]
Congresso Nazionale della Societa' Italiana di Parassitologia (26. : Perugia : 22-25 giugno 2010)
A brief rewiew of the literature on bovine dermatophytoses in Italy is conducted. The results of two
investigations conducted in Northern Italy by questionnaires show a prevalence of infected farms of
a 19 to 30%. Young animals are mostly affected and no relevant risk factors for tricophytosis
transmission were demontrated in the investigated farms.
Luppi° A, Arioli E, Caleffi A, Bonilauri° P, Dottor i° M, Maioli° G, Marco E, Martelli P
Spes grid and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae eradication in a pig herd
2nd European Symposium on Porcine Health Managements (ESPHM) "Pig heath, performance and
welfare" : 26th-28th May 2010, Hannover, Germany : proceedings / [s.l. : s.n, 2010]. - p 114. - 2 bib
ref [Nr. Estr. 4589]
European Symposium on Porcine Health Managements (ESPHM) (2nd : Hannover, Germany :
26th-28th May 2010)
Luppi° A, Bonilauri° P, Ferrari E, Gherpelli° Y, Me rialdi° G., Dottori° M
Sierotipizzazione di ceppi di haemophilus parasuis isolati da campioni patologici =
Serological characterization of haemophilus parasuis strains isolated from pathological samples
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 205-211. - 19 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4355]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Quarantaquattro ceppi di Haemophilus parasuis sono stati isolati nel periodo 2007-2009 da tessuti
patologici di suino durante l’attivita diagnostica di routine dell’Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale
della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), Sezione di Reggio Emilia. I ceppi sopraccitati
sono stati sottoposti a sierotipizzazione impiegando gli antisieri nei confronti dei sierotipi 2, 4, 5, 12 e
13. La scelta e l’acquisto degli antisieri si e basata su dati di prevalenza riportati da diversi autori in
altri paesi europei. Il sierotipo 4 e risultato il piu prevalente (34%) seguito dal sierotipo 13 (22,7%) e
dal sierotipo 5 (15,9%). I ceppi non tipizzabili sono risultati essere il 22,7%. I ceppi isolati sono stati
suddivisi in due gruppi a seconda che l’isolamento sia stato effettuato da casi di malattia sistemica
(polisierosite fi brinosa, artrite e meningite o semplicemente dalle vie respiratorie profonde. Il dato
principale che si evince da questa valutazione e una maggior prevalenza del sierotipo 4 in forme
sistemiche piuttosto che in casi di coinvolgimento esclusivo delle vie respiratorie (broncopolmonite).
L’isolamento dei sierotipi 5 e 13 da suini con presenza o assenza di quadri di polisierosite fi brinosa
e sovrapponibile, mentre i ceppi non tipizzabili sono risultati essere piu frequentemente associati alle
forme cosiddette non sistemiche.
From 2007-2009 a total of 44 Haemophilus parasuis fi eld isolates was collected from diseased pigs
in connection with routine diagnostics of Istituto Zooprofi lattico of Lombardia and Emilia Romagna
(IZSLER), Reggio Emilia Laboratory. The isolates were serotyped by agar gel immunodiffusion test
using specifi c antisera against serovars 2, 4, 5, 12, 13. The choice of antisera used was performed
considering the prevalence of different virulent serotypes described in other european countries. In
our study serovar 4 was the most prevalent (34%) followed by serovar 13 (22,7%) and serovar 5
(15,9%), while 22,7% of the isolates could not be assigned to a serovar (nontypaple isolates). The
strains could be divided into two groups depending on whether they were isolated from cases with
systemic disease (polyserositis, arhritis or meningitis) or if they only were found in the lower
respiratory tract. The most marked difference were observed for serovar 4, which had a higher
prevalence in systemic infection compared to respiratory disease. The frequency of the isolation of
serotypes 5 and 13 from pigs with o without polysierositis were similar, while nontypaple isolates had
a higher prevalence in respiratory disease compared to systemic infection.
Luppi° A, Bonilauri° P, Ferrari E, Gherpelli° Y, M erialdi° G, Dottori° M, Martelli P
Serological characterization of haemophilus parasuis strains in Italy
2nd European Symposium on Porcine Health Managements (ESPHM) "Pig heath, performance and
welfare" : 26th-28th May 2010, Hannover, Germany : proceedings / [s.l. : s.n, 2010]. - p 116. - 2 bib
ref [Nr. Estr. 4590]
European Symposium on Porcine Health Managements (ESPHM) (2nd : Hannover, Germany :
26th-28th May 2010)
Luppi° A, Bonilauri° P, Mazzoni C, Di_Lecce R, Dott ori° M
Swine herd with a prevalent PCV2 subclinical infection: diagnostic investigation results
before and after PCV2 vaccination
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 432. - 3 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4421]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Luppi° A, Iodice G, Bonilauri° P, Merialdi° G, Mere nda° M, Dottori° M
Simultaneous infection by serotypes 4 and 12 of Haemophilus parasuis in a swine herd: a
clinical case
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 826. - 5 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4430]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Magistrali C, Cucco L, D’Angelo G, Gherpelli° Y, Bo nilauri° P, Merialdi° G
Comparison between two different methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 735. - 2 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4428]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Magistrali CF, Cucco L, D’avino N, D’angelo G, Gherpelli° Y, Bonilauri° P, Merialdi°
G
Valutazione della sensibilita’ ad antimicrobici di B. hyodysenteriae: confronto tra due metodi
= Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility of B. hyodysenteriae: comparison between two methods
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 337-340. - 8 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4363]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Scopo di questo lavoro è stato quello di mettere a confronto due diversi metodi disponibili per la
valutazione della sensibilità agli antimicrobici di Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. Sono stati esaminati
due differenti test per la determinazione della minima concentrazione inibente (MIC): il test di
diluizione in agar (Quick-MIC) e il test di diluizione in brodo. 20 stipiti di B.hyodysenteriae, isolati da
suini affetti da dissenteria suina in allevamenti italiani sono stati esaminati indipendentemente ed in
cieco da due diversi laboratori diagnostici. I risultati hanno confermato quanto già descritto in
letteratura: il metodo di diluizione in brodo tende a fornire MIC più basse in media rispetto al metodo
di diluizione in agar. Utilizzando i breakpoint indicati da Ronne e Szancer (1990) alcuni ceppi classifi
cati come intermedi con il metodo di diluizione in agar (Quick-MIC) sono risultati sensibili con il
metodo di diluizione in brodo. Tuttavia, nessun isolato classifi cato come resistente in diluizione in
agar è risultato sensibile in diluizione in brodo o viceversa. Concludendo, la classifi cazione di un
isolato di B.hyodysenteriae può variare a seconda del metodo impiegato per la determinazione della
MIC, in particolare per i ceppi che presentano un valore intermedio.
The aim of this study was to compare two different methods available for the evaluation of
antimicrobial susceptibility of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. Two different tests used for determination
of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) were compared: the Quick- MIC agar dilution method and
the Broth dilution method. 20 B. hyodysenteriae strains, isolated from pigs affected by Swine
Dysentery of Italian swine herds were tested blindly and independently by two different diagnostic
laboratories. Results confi rmed what already described in literature: the Broth dilution method give
lower MICs compared to the agar dilution method (Quick MIC). According to the MIC breakpoints
thresholds (Ronne & Szancer, 1990), some strains classifi ed as intermediate by the agar dilution
method (Quick MIC), resulted sensitive by the Broth Dilution method. Nevertheless, no isolate was
classified resistant by agar dilution method (Quick MIC) resulted sensitive by the Broth Dilution
Method or vice versa. In conclusion, classifi cation of B. hyodysenteriae isolates in different
susceptibility groups using the two tests can occur, in particular for those showing intermediate
values.
Maioli° G, Bonilauri° P, Merialdi° G, Luppi° A, Dot tori° M
Surveillance on TBEV and CCHFV in ticks collected on hunted wild animal in the Emilia
Romagna Region (Italy) : preliminary results
Parassitologia. - Vol. 52 no 1-2 ( 2010). - p 277 [Nr. Estr. 4585]
Congresso Nazionale della Societa' Italiana di Parassitologia (26. : Perugia : 22-25 Giugno
2010)
Maioli° G, Bonilauri° P, Spaggiari B, De_Filippo° F , Luppi° A, Calzolari° M, Dottori°
M
Ticks infesting wild animals in Northern Italy
9th conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) " Healthy wildlife, healthy
people" : Vlieland, The Netherlands, 13 to 16 September 2010 / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 94 [Nr. Estr.
4546]
Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) (9th : Vlieland, The
Netherlands : 13 to 16 September 2010)
Background: The aim of this study was to provide more data on the Ixodid fauna of wildlife collected
in Emilia Romagna and Lombardia in order to better understand their ecology. Methods: Ixodid ticks
were collected from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus
elaphus), fallow deer (Dama dama), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), wolf (Canis lupus), hedgehog
(Erinaceus europaeus), shrew (genus Sorex), badger (Meles meles) and european brown hare
(Lepus europaeus). Ticks were removed and identified following taxonomic standard keys.
Prevalence differences among host species, tick species and collection period were tested by 2
test. Results: Ticks were collected from August 2008 until December 2009. A total of 3,225 ticks
removed from 491 animals were identified. Ticks belonged to nine species: Ixodes ricinus (n=2,222;
68.9%), Rhipicephalus sanguineus (n=647; 20%), Dermacentor marginatus (n=172; 5.3%), Ixodes
canisuga (n=119; 3.7%), I. hexagonus (n=53; 1.64%), Hyalomma marginatum (n=6; 0.18%),
Haemaphisalys punctata (n=3), I. acuminatus (n=2), Hae. concinna (n=1). I. ricinus tick represents
the most frequently detected species in our habitats. Also, we found that D. marginatus is often
found on wild boar (34/44); I. canisuga parasites fox only and, interestingly, we found some
specimens of the brown dog tick (Rh. sanguineus) on foxes, roe deer, wild boars and hares.
Significant difference (p<0.01) was found in seasonality for I. ricinus, Rh. sanguineus and D.
marginatus, which were the more frequently sampled species . Conclusions: Our data confirm that I.
ricinus is the dominant species in roe deer, red deer and hares in Emilia Romagna and Lombardia
regions, while D. marginatus is strongly associated with wild boar. Passive surveillance on hunted
wild fauna could provide a useful and economic tool to collect data on ticks and to achieve a better
understanding of tick host preference for wild vertebrate species.
Maioli° G, Bonilauri° P, Spaggiari B, Defilippo° F, Luppi° A, Calzolari° M, Dottori° M
Ticks infesting wild animals in Lombardia and Emilia-Romagna regions
Parassitologia. - Vol. 52 no 1-2 ( 2010). - p 278 [Nr. Estr. 4587]
Congresso Nazionale della Societa' Italiana di Parassitologia (26. : Perugia : 22-25 Giugno
2010)
Maioli° G, Fontana° MC, Luppi° A, Zanin D, Rugna° G , Renzi° M, Merialdi° G
Cluster of cysticercosis (Taenia pisiformis) in European brown hares in Northern Italy
9th conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) " Healthy wildlife, healthy
people" : Vlieland, The Netherlands, 13 to 16 September 2010 / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 61 [Nr. Estr.
4550]
Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) (9th : Vlieland, The
Netherlands : 13 to 16 September 2010)
Background: The cestode Taenia pisiformis (Bloch, 1780) occurs in the small intestine of domestic
and wild carnivores (dog, fox and rarely in the cat). The intermediate hosts are lagomorphs, primarily
rabbits and hares but also rodents. In this work the Authors report a cluster of cysticercosis due to
Cysticercus pisiformis in hares from an area where this pathology has been previously found
sporadically. Methods: Between October 2008 and February 2010 47 brown hares, hunted or found
dead in north area of Bologna province, were collected and submitted to necropsy at the laboratories
of IZSLER. Furthermore, 8 foxes from the same location were necropsied and checked for the
presence of intestinal helmints. Cysticerci and adult taenids were morphologically identified following
standard taxonomic keys. Results: At necropsy, 20 (42.5%) hares from eight municipalities were
found infested by C. pisiformis. These animals showed considerable weight loss and bacteriological
and virological investigations showed negative results. Cysticerci were found in liver, abdominal
cavity and mesentery of the lower digestive tract. All the animals were infested by more than 20
cysticerci. Most of the cases (10/20) were located in two neighbouring municipalities. Only 1 fox out
of 8 examined carried two adults of T. pisiformis in the small intestine. The other 7 foxes were
infested by Mesocestoides lineatum and Toxocara canis. Conclusions: The increased prevalence of
C. pisiformis in the study area may have different causes such as: level of environment
contamination, dispersion of eggs, egg survival, age and immune response of the host, as well as
densities of both definitive and intermediate hosts. In the study area, the hare population decreased
of 39,4% in 2008-2009, whilst the fox population increased. Furthermore the practice allowing dog to
eat the viscera of game animals may affect the prevalence of infection in the hare population.
Maioli° G, Fontana° MC, Zanin D, Rugna° G, Renzi° M , Merialdi° G
Cluster of cysticercosis (Taenia pisiformis) in European brown hares in Bologna Province
Parassitologia. - Vol. 52 no 1-2 ( 2010). - p 279 [Nr. Estr. 4584]
Congresso Nazionale della Societa' Italiana di Parassitologia (26. : Perugia : 22-25 Giugno
2010)
Maioli° G, Martini M, Artoni A, Gelmetti° D, Luppi ° A
Fatal verminous pneumonia due to Filaroides hirthi in a Chihuahua
Parassitologia. - Vol. 52 no 1-2 ( 2010). - p 245 [Nr. Estr. 4588]
Congresso Nazionale della Societa' Italiana di Parassitologia (26. : Perugia : 22-25 Giugno
2010)
Marenzoni ML, Lepri E, Coppola G, Sforna M, Sordini C, Tiburzi A, Valentini S,
Vitellozzi G, Coletti M, Tagliabue° S, Passamonti F
Aborto e morte perinatale da Leptospira interrogans sensu lato nel cavallo
Ippologia. - Vol. 21 no 4 ( 2010). - p 23-29. - 16 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4674]
L’infezione da Leptospira interrogans sensu lato è stata diagnosticata come causa di un aborto
all’ottavo mese di gravidanza in una fattrice e in un caso di morte perinatale di un puledro,
provenienti da due differenti allevamenti. Vengono descritte le principali lesioni macroscopiche e
microscopiche osservate. La diagnosi è stata effettuata ricorrendo alla reazione a catena della
polimerasi (PCR) su organi del feto e del puledro e sulle rispettive placente. Il test di
micro-agglutinazione è stato utile ai fini diagnostici solo in un caso. Vengono discussi i limiti dei
principali test utilizzabili per la diagnosi di infezione da Leptospira.
Mariella J, Pirrone A, Antenucci E, Archetti° I, Ca stagnetti C
Parametri ematobiochimici nella fattrice durante il peripartum
VIII Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Riproduzione Animale (SIRA) : 17-18
Giugno 2010 Ozzano dell'emilia (BO) / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Riproduzione Animale
(SIRA), 2010]. - p 83-86. - 10 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4527]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Riproduzione Animale (SIRA) (8. : Ozzano
dell'emilia (BO) : 17-18 Giugno 2010)
In questo studio sono stati valutati i parametri ematobiochimici della fattrice nel corso dell‘ultimo
mese di gestazione, al momento del parto e 7 giorni dopo. Lo scopo del lavoro è stato quello di
individuare eventuali variazioni rispetto ad un range di riferimento e di analizzare l‘andamento
fisiologico dei parametri. Sono state riscontrate variazioni significative dei parametri: ematocrito,
emoglobina, eritrociti, leucociti, creatinina, urea, bilirubina totale, diretta e indiretta, trigliceridi,
glucosio, lattato, calcio, sodio, potassio, cloro e magnesio
.
Mariella J, Pirrone A, Antenucci E, Archetti° I, Ca stagnetti C
Haematological and biochemical parameters of periparturient mares
VIII Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Riproduzione Animale (SIRA) : 17-18
Giugno 2010 Ozzano dell'emilia (BO) / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Riproduzione Animale
(SIRA), 2010]. - p 87. - 3 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4528]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Riproduzione Animale (SIRA) (8. : Ozzano
dell'emilia (BO) : 17-18 Giugno 2010)
Martella V, Bianchi° A, Bertoletti° I, Pedrotti L, Gugiatti A, Catella° A, Cordioli° P,
Lucente MS, Elia G, Buonavoglia C
Canine distemper epizootic among Red Foxes, Italy, 2009
Emerg Inf Dis. - Vol. 16 no 12 ( 2010). - p 2007-2009. - 10 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4477]
Martelli F, Toma S, Di_Bartolo I, Caprioli A, Ruggeri FM, Lelli° D, Bonci° M,
Ostanello F
Detection of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Italian pigs displaying different pathological lesions
Res Vet Sci. - Vol. 88 ( 2010). - p 492-496. - 39 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4541]
In this study we investigated the HEV prevalence in Italian pigs displaying different pathological
lesions, possible risk factors related to the infection, and the possible relations occurring between
HEV and other concomitant pig pathogens. Genetic characterization of some of the identified strains
was also performed. Detection of HEV RNA was accomplished using a nested reverse-transcription
polymerase chain reaction on bile samples from 137 pigs of 2–4 months of age submitted for
diagnostic purposes. Forty-one of the 137 examined pigs (29.9%) tested positive for HEV RNA.
Animals of 80–120 days of age showed a higher prevalence of HEV infection (46.9% against 20% of
younger animals). No statistically significant correlations between HEV positivity and the presence of
other pathological conditions detected at necropsy, or concomitant coinfections with PCV2 and/or
PRRSV were detected. All identified strains belonged to genotype 3, and were similar to other HEV
subtypes 3e, 3f, 3c circulating in Europe.
Martelli P, Bonilauri° P, Gozio S, Cevidalli AE, Gu azzetti S, Caleffi A, Borghetti P
The effect on PCV2 viremia in pigs vaccinated with a single dose of Porcilis PCV®
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 406. - 2 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4419]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Martinelli° N, Archetti° I, Fois G, Scivoli R, Lomb ardi° G
Valutazione dell’andamento dei valori ematici di testosterone nel suino durante il trattamento
con Improvac®
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
291-292. - 3 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4491]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Testosterone is a steroid hormone produced by Leydig cells. Its secretion is regulated by the
testes-ipofi sary circle. Improvac® is a gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF) vaccine used to
eliminate boar taint in pork meat. It blocks GnRF action and brings to serum levels of testosterone
and other hormones at the same values of castrated pig. In this study, we report values of serum
testosterone in both not treated and Improvac® treated pigs, using a solid-phase, competitive
chemioluminescent enzyme immunoassay.
Martinelli° N, Luppi° A, Chiari° M, Fontana° R, Lom bardi° G
Prevalenza di anticorpi anti-HEV in cinghiali
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
289-290. - 8 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4492]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the cause of acute, autolimitating hepatitis in humans. It’s spread
worldwide and recently it has been found in several animal species, so it’s supposed that one of
these can act as reservoir. After swine, wild boar and deer seem to be the candidates to play this
role. In this study we have looked for antibodies anti-HEV in wild boar, deer and chamois. We have
found a total seroprevalence of 7,7% in wild boar. The spreading of HEV among Italian wild boars is
confi rmed in this study.
Massi° P
XVI Congresso Mondiale della World Vetrinary Poultry Association : review : Marrakech, 8-12
Novembre 2009
Riv Zootec Vet. - Vol. 42 no 1 ( 2010). - p 19-25 [Nr. Estr. 4454]
Si descrivono le principali novità scientifiche e gli aggiornamenti del XVI Congresso Mondiale della
World Veterinary Poultry Association (WVPA) tenutosi a Marrakech dall'8 al 12 novembre 2009. Il
Congresso ha visto la partecipazione di oltre 1500 tecnici e patologi aviari, nonché di molti operatori
del settore avicolo provenienti da 65 Paesi. L'evento è stato caratterizzato da momenti di
divulgazione, da esposizioni di prove sperimentali, da raccolta di dati epidemiologici e da
presentazioni relative alla ricerca applicata nel campo della diagnostica, della terapia e della
profilassi delle diverse patologie virali, batteriche e parassitarie. Diversi contributi scientifici hanno
riguardato anche l'igiene degli alimenti e la sicurezza alimentare. Un contributo fondamentale,
attraverso workshop, convegni satelliti e comunicazioni scientifiche, e stato fornito dall'industria
farmaceutica che ha presentato dati e ricerche sulle nuove tecniche di. vaccinazione.
An overview of the main scientific findings and updatings of WVPA Association's XVI World
Congress held in Marrakech from 8th to 12th November 2009 is described. Over 1500 veterinarians,
technicians, fieldworkers and scientists coming from 65 countries took part to it. Technical updating,
field trials, epidemiology scientific reports on diagnostic, therapy and prophylaxis of vira] pathologies
characterized the event. Many scientific contributions concerned feed hygiene and food safety. An
essential contribution held as workshops, satellite meetings and scientific briefings, was given by
pharmaceutica] industry which presented datas and researches ori the new vaccination
technologies.
Massi° P
Il processo di analisi all'interno di un Istituto Zooprofilattico
Avicoltura da ornamento e selezione : il manuale del giovane allevatore amatoriale : le moderne
tecniche di allevamento / Rachele Grati. - [s.l. : Rachele Grati, c2010]. - p 303-317 [Nr. Estr. 4538]
Massi° P, Fiorentini° L, Taddei° R, Barbieri° I, To si° G
Episodio di “false ovaiole” in galline ovaiole di 22 settimane di eta in seguito ad infezione da
virus della bronchite infettiva aviare denominato QXlike
XLIX Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare (SIPA) : 29-30 Aprile 2010 Forlì : atti /
2010. - p 181-185. - 8 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4532]
Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (49 : Forli' : 29-30 Aprile 2010)
Si descrive un episodio di “false ovaiole” in galline ovaiole di 22 settimane di età allevate in
Romagna in seguito ad infezione da virus della Bronchite Infettiva aviare (IB) denominato “QXlike”.
Trattasi di galline di razza Lohmann nate e allevate in Italia. All’età di 16 settimane il gruppo di
galline aveva presentato una forma respiratoria da Mycoplasma gallisepticum con Colisetticemia. A
19 settimane veniva identificato un virus della BI sequenziato come QXlike. A 22 settimane la
deposizione subiva un arresto sul 80%, contemporaneamente iniziavano a comparire soggetti non
produttivi con lesioni dell’apparato riproduttore ascrivibili a “false layers”.Questo caso ha messo in
evidenza la stretta correlazione fra virus della IB e la lesione morfologica e strutturale dell’apparato
riproduttore.
A case of “false layers” in 22 weeks commercial layers hens was described. The case was
correlated with the presence of a Chinese strain of infectious bronchitis virus (QXIBV). At 16 weeks
the animals manifested a respiratory syndrome by M.Gallisepticum and E.Coli .At 19 weeks of age a
QXlike virus was identified. At 22 weeks the flock showed the “non-layers”.
Massi° P, Tosi° G, Fiorentini° L
Prova di infezione sperimentale con il ceppo "IT-02" del virus della Bronchite Infettiva
Aviare (IBV) in polli da carne commerciali sottoposti a diversi programmi di vaccinazione con
vaccini vivi attenuati
Zootec Int. - Vol. no 4 ( 2010). - p 48-53. - 5 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4385]
Massi° P, Tosi° G, Fiorentini° L, Taddei° R
Tossinfezione da botulismo in polli commerciali
XLIX Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare (SIPA) : 29-30 Aprile 2010 Forlì : atti /
Parma : La Ducale, 2010. - p 195-198. - 6 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4530]
Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (49 : Forli' : 29-30 Aprile 2010)
Si descrive un episodio di tossinfezione da Clostridium botulinum tipo C che ha interessato un
allevamento di broiler di 42 giorni di età nell’estate 2009. I fattori che hanno caratterizzato l’evento
come l’insorgenza in una specie animale non comune a fenomeni di botulismo, la velocità di
diffusione nei diversi capannoni che compongono l’allevamento, l’elevata percentuale di mortalità ci
portano a dover considerare l’importanza degli effetti dell’intossicazione botulinica anche
nell’allevamento intensivo italiano del pollo da carne.
During the summer of 2009, a flock of commercial broiler chickens experienced unusually high death
losses at 42 days of age. Six broilers were submitted to the IZSLER laboratory for assistance. The
elevated mortality was associated with incoordination, flaccid paralysis of leg, wing and neck
muscles. Type C botulinum was identified in hearth and ceca by mouse bioassay tests and PCR
test.
Massi° P, Tosi° G, Taddei° R, Fiorentini° L, Sani P
infezione sperimentale con i ceppi di campo “Italy-02”, “QXlike” e “793B” del virus della
bronchite infettiva aviare in polli da carne commerciali vaccinati con vaccino vivo contenente
i ceppi H120 e G274
XLIX Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare (SIPA) : 29-30 Aprile 2010 Forlì : atti /
2010. - p 187-193. - 5 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4531]
Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (49 : Forli' : 29-30 Aprile 2010)
Il lavoro consiste in una prova sperimentale in broiler al fi ne di valutare la protezione indotta da un
vaccino vivo attenutato contenente i ceppi M41 e D274 del virus della Bronchite Infettiva aviare
effettuato ad un giorno di vita nei confronti dell’infezione sostenuta dai ceppi di bronchite infettiva
aviare (IB) noti come Italy02, Qxsimile e 793B. Il livello di protezione è stato calcolato attraverso la
valutazione della ciliostasi osservata su colture d’organo ( anelli tracheali). Sono stati rilevati buoni
indici di protezione nei confronti dei ceppi IT02 e QX simile e soddisfacente indice di protezione nei
confronti del ceppo 793B. Inoltre sono state valutate le risposte anticorpali alla vaccinazione e alle
infezioni.
The ability of a live attenuated bivalent vaccine (including M41 e D274 vaccine strains) to protect
against fi eld infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains as Italy 02, Qxlike and 793B was intestigated
using commercial broilers. Protection, as measured by assensing ciliary activity of the tracheal
epithelium following challenge, was excellent against fi eld infectious IT02 and QXlike strains and
good against 793B strain. Virological and serological laboratory investigations have been performed
on all groups.
Mazzone P, Corneli S, Cagiola M, Biagetti M, Ciullo M, Sebastiani C, Boniotti° MB,
Pacciarini° ML, Di_Marco V, Russo M, Aronica V, Fia sconaro M, Marianelli C,
Pesciaroli M, Pasquali P
Ruolo del suino nero dei Nebrodi nell’epidemiologia della tubercolosi bovina in Sicilia
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
110-112. - 9 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4510]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
The application of the control measures included in the national tuberculosis eradication
programmes, allowed us to reduce the prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis (TB) in several Italian
regions. However further efforts are necessary in order to achieve the eradication of the disease in
South of Italy, especially in Sicily where prevalence of TB is still more than 3% (prevalence of 2009).
In order to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease in the area of the Nebrodi
Park, a survey was conducted to assess the presence of M. bovis in the population of
autochthonous pigs that share common pastures with cattle. In this study 106 pig carcasses were
examined by anatomopathological inspection and submitted to culture isolation. Sixteen M. bovis
strains were isolated and genotyped by DVR-Spoligotyping and ETRs markers. The combination of
information derived from the epidemiological investigation and the genetic profi les allows us to
hypothesize that there was a transmission of M. bovis between cattle and swine population of
Nebrodi Park
.
Mazzoni C, Borri E, Raffi V, Bertacchini S, Bonilauri° P, Palese A, Nisoli L
Randomised double blind comparison of oxytocin and long acting oxytocin (carbetocin) in
the synchronisation of farrowing in batch-breeding sows: evaluation of production
parameters
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 1107. - 2 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4435]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Mazzoni C, Raffi V, Rosignoli° C, Bonilauri° P, Spa ggiari° B, Gelmetti° D, Gibelli° L,
Maioli° G, Faccini° S, Dottori° M, Tonon F, Luppi° A
Clostridiosis in the farrowing room with an atypical onset: a clinical case
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 791. - 4 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4429]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Mazzoni C, Tonon F, Borri E, Raffi V, Scollo A, Bonilauri° P
Analisi dei ritorni nella scrofa: studi preliminari = Analysis of sow returns: preliminary studies
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 347-355. - 10 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4364]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Il mantenimento e la prosecuzione della gravidanza nella scrofa, passano attraverso l’emissione, da
parte dell’embrione, di un doppio segnale ormonale. La mancata produzione di tali segnali può
permetterci di comprendere il motivo della variabilità dei ritorni in estro che, nella scrofa, possiamo
raggruppare in tre classi: Ciclici di primo tipo (fra i 18 ed i 23 giorni), Aciclici (fra i 24 ed i 38 giorni) e
Ciclici di secondo tipo (fra i 39 ed i 44 giorni). Nel presente lavoro vengono analizzati i dati
riproduttivi del 2008 e 2009 di due aziende della pianura padana, confrontando fra loro le varie
classi di ritorno. Particolare attenzione viene riservata ai Ritorni Aciclici, divisi a loro volta in Aciclici
di primo e secondo tipo, in base al passaggio dalla vita embrionale a quella fetale. Nei risultati si
evidenzia una minore stabilità della gravidanza durante la fase embrionale in rapporto a quella
fetale. L’importanza di studiare e capire meglio questi meccanismi, potrebbe permetterci di trovare
soluzioni effi caci per contenere la mortalità embrionale in una fase molto delicata della gestazione,
soprattutto da quando, a seguito dell’applicazione della norma per la protezione dei suini, corre la
necessità di imbrancare tanto le scrofe, quanto le scrofette, alla quarta settimana di gestazione.
The maintenance and persistence in sow pregnancy, go through the production by
the embryo of two different hormonal signals. Failure to produce these signals may allow us to
understand the different classes of returns in estrus that, in sows can be divided into three category:
Regular Returns of fi rst type (between 18 and 23 days), Irregular Returns (between 24 and 38 days)
and Regular Returns of second type (between 39 and 44 days). The present paper analyse the
reproductive data of 2008 and 2009 of two Po Valley farms, by comparing together the various
classes of return. Particular attention is given to Irregular Returns, divided in fi rst and second type,
according to the transition from embryonic to fetal stage. Results showed a less stability during the
embryonic stage of pregnancy related to fetal stage. The importance of studying and understanding
these mechanisms could help in finding effective solutions to contain the embryonic mortality in a
very sensitive stage of gestation, especially since due to the application of the law for pigs
protection, running the necessity to herd together sows, gilts at the fourth week of gestation.
Mazzoni M, Merialdi° G, Sarli G, Trevisi P, Bosi P
Effect of two doses of different zinc sources (inorganic vs. chelated form) on the epithelial
proliferative activity and the apoptotic index of intestinal mucosa of early-weaned pigs orally
challenged with E. coli K88
Asian Aust J Anim Sci. - Vol. 23 no 6 ( 2010). - p 777-785. - 32 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4337]
We aimed to assess the effect of two doses of different sources, inorganic (zinc oxide) or chelated
(zinc glutamate chelate) on morphology and turn-over of the small intestine of early-weaned pigs
orally challenged with enterotoxigenic E. coli K88 (ETEC). Sixty pigs weaned at 21 days were
assigned to one of the following 5 diets: control (C); C+Zinc oxide (ZnO), either a 200 or a 2,500 mg
Zn/kg dose; or C+zinc chelate with glutamic acid (Glu-Zn), either a 200 or a 2,500 mg Zn/kg dose.
On d 2, the pigs were orally inoculated with 1.5 ml of a 1010 CFU/ml E. coli K88ac O148
suspension. Zinc supplements did not improve the performance of the pigs, but on d 5 they reduced
the ETEC faecal excretion, and this was mainly due to high zinc doses (p<0.05). The villous height
was improved by the zinc supplements in the duodenal tract (p<0.01) whatever the source and the
level, whereas no effect was seen in the other two tracts. The diet did not affect apoptosis and
mitosis counts, while ETEC-susceptible pigs had more mitotic cells in the villi than non-susceptible
pigs, particularly in the jejunum (p<0.01). The duodenum had fewer mitotic cells in the villi (p<0.05)
and in the crypts (p<0.01) and more apoptotic cells in the villi. High dietary doses of ZnO or
Zn-Glutamate improve villous height of the duodenum, but not of the jejunum and the ileum, and do
not affect the epithelial proliferative activity and apoptotic index of intestinal mucosa of early-weaned
pigs orally challenged with ETEC.
Merenzoni ML, Passamonti F, Coppola G, Maranesi M, Capelli K, Cappomazzio S,
Verini-Supplizi A, Cordioli° P, Coletti M
Infezione da Gammaherpesvirus nei puledri = Gammaherpesvirus infections in foals
International congress XVI SIVE : 29th-31st, January 2010 Marina di Carrara : proceedings / [s.l. :
s.n., 2010]. - p 245-246. - 4 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4366]
International congress Società Italiana Veterinari per Equini (SIVE) (16 : Marina di Carrara :
29th-31st, January 2010)
Merialdi° G, Fontana° MC, Spaggiari° B, Tallarico N , Turci S, Leonelli° R, Galletti°
G, Vincenzi E, Rugna° G, Bonilauri° P
Effect of pre-slaughter diet supplemented with a protected source of formiate and citric acid
on the prevalence of salmonella in carrier pigs
2nd European Symposium on Porcine Health Managements (ESPHM) "Pig heath, performance and
welfare" : 26th-28th May 2010, Hannover, Germany : proceedings / [s.l. : s.n, 2010]. - p 149. - 2 bib
ref [Nr. Estr. 4612]
European Symposium on Porcine Health Managements (ESPHM) (2nd : Hannover, Germany :
26th-28th May 2010)
Minozzi G, Buggiotti L, Stella A, Strozzi F, Luini° M, Williams JL
Genetic Loci involved in antibody response to Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in
cattle
PLoS One. - Vol. 5 no 6 ( 2010). - p e11117. - 48 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4705]
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes chronic enteritis in a wide range of
animal species. In cattle, MAP causes a chronic disease called Johne's disease, or
paratuberculosis, that is not treatable and the efficacy of vaccine control is controversial. The clinical
phase of the disease is characterised by diarrhoea, weight loss, drop in milk production and
eventually death. Susceptibility to MAP infection is heritable with heritability estimates ranging from
0.06 to 0.10. There have been several studies over the last few years that have identified genetic
loci putatively associated with MAP susceptibility, however, with the availability of genome-wide high
density SNP maker panels it is now possible to carry out association studies that have higher
precision. Methodology/Principal Finding. The objective of the current study was to localize genes
having an impact on Johne's disease susceptibility using the latest bovine genome information and a
high density SNP panel (Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip) to perform a case/control, genome-wide
association analysis. Samples from MAP case and negative controls were selected from field
samples collected in 2007 and 2008 in the province of Lombardy, Italy. Cases were defined as
animals serologically positive for MAP by ELISA. In total 966 samples were genotyped: 483 MAP
ELISA positive and 483 ELISA negative. Samples were selected randomly among those collected
from 119 farms which had at least one positive animal. Conclusion/Significance The analysis of the
genotype data identified several chromosomal regions associated with disease status: a region on
chromosome 12 with high significance (P<5×10-6), while regions on chromosome 9, 11, and 12 had
moderate significance (P<5×10-5). These results provide evidence for genetic loci involved in the
humoral response to MAP. Knowledge of genetic variations related to susceptibility will facilitate the
incorporation of this information into breeding programmes for the improvement of health status.
Morandi F, Bacci B, Panaresa D, Ferrara D, Fusaro L, Bacci ML, Dottori° M,
Bonilauri° P, Leotti G, Vila T, Josef F, Ostanello F, Sarli G
Conventional, sows inseminated with artificially PCV2-infected semen : il post mortem
results
2nd European Symposium on Porcine Health Managements (ESPHM) "Pig heath, performance and
welfare" : 26th-28th May 2010, Hannover, Germany : proceedings / [s.l. : s.n, 2010]. - p 78. - 8 bib
ref [Nr. Estr. 4582]
European Symposium on Porcine Health Managements (ESPHM) (2nd : Hannover, Germany :
26th-28th May 2010)
Morandi F, Bacci B, Panarese S, Ferrara D, Fusaro L, Bacci ML, Dottori° M,
Bonilauri° P, Leotti G, Vila T, Joisel F, Ostanello F, Sarli G
Conventional sows inseminated with artificially PCV2-infected semen : II. Post mortem
results
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 283. - 8 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4418]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Morandi F, Ostanello F, Fusaro L, Bacci B, Nigrelli° A, Alborali° L, Dottori° M,
Vezzoli° F, Barigazzi° G, Fiorentini° L, Sala V, Le otti G, Joisel F, Sarli G
Immunohistochemical detection of aetiological agents of proliferative and necrotizing
pneumonia in italian pigs
J Comp Pathol. - Vol. 142 ( 2010). - p 74-78. - 16 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4237]
Proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia (PNP) is a form of interstitial pneumonia that occurs in
weaning and post-weaning pigs. PNP is characterized by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of type II
pneumocytes and coagulative necrosis and granular debris within alveolar spaces. Canadian and
European studies suggest that the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)
and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) are the main causes of the disease, but Aujezsky's disease
virus (ADV) and swine influenza virus (SIV) have also been considered as potential aetiological
agents. An immunohistochemical study was carried out on the lungs of 28 Italian pigs with PNP in
order to evaluate the role of PRRSV, PCV2 and ADV in PNP lesions. PRRSV infection was
identified in the lungs of 11 pigs, PCV2 in the lungs of four pigs and coinfection with both viruses in
the lungs of eight pigs. Neither virus was detected in the lungs of the remaining five pigs. ADV
antigen was not detected in any sample. The principle aetiological agent of PNP in Italy therefore
appears to be PRRSV. Coinfection with PRRSV and PCV2 is characterized by more severe
microscopical changes in affected lungs.
Moreno° A, Barbieri° I, Ceruti R, Morandini E, Cord ioli° P
Caratterizzazione genomica di ceppi del virus della malattia di gumboro isolati in Italia nel
periodo 2006-2009
XLIX Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare (SIPA) : 29-30 Aprile 2010 Forlì : atti /
Parma : La Ducale, 2010. - p 199-203. - 14 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4555]
Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (49 : Forli' : 29-30 Aprile 2010)
Moreno° A, Di_Trani L, Alborali° L, Vaccari G, Barb ieri° I, Falcone E, Sozzi° E,
Puzelli S, Ferri G, Cordioli° P
First pandemic H1N1 outbreak from a pig farm in Italy
Open Virol J. - Vol. 4 ( 2010). - p 57-61. - 17 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4374]
The lirst outbreak of the pandemie IIINI virus in a swine breeder farm in Italy in November 2009 was
reported. Clinical signs observed in sows included fever, depression, anorexia and agalactia, while
in piglets diarrhoea and sveight loss. The morbidity in sows was approximately 30% and the
accumulateti mortality rate was similar with those usually reported in piggeries «10%). Virus was
isolated from piglets (A/Sw/lt/290271/09) and the sequencing of the whole genome was then
performed. Comparison with ali (H1N1)v sequences available in GenBank shows A/Sw/lt/290271/09
three unique amino-acid (aa) changes in P132 (S405T), PBl (K386R) and PA (K256Q), not yet
associated to any well characterized phenotype markers of Influenza viruses. Ali eight aa at
positions representing the socalied species specific swine-human signatures, found in both swine
and in the pandemic H1Nly, are also present. The M2 protein displays the C55F and the PA protein
the S409N substitutions, both corresponding to enhanced transmission phenotype markers.
Phylogenetic analysis showed that the virus was genetically related to the pandemic HIN 1 virus. In
addition, serological samples were collected from 40 sows, of which 20 resulted positive to the
pandemic H1N1 virus by HI test proving a virus circulation in the Farm.
Moreno° A, Fiorentini° L, Taddei° R, Barbieri° I, T osi° G, Cordioli° P, Massi° P
Pandemic H1N1 virus outbreak in a cat colony in Italy
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., c2010]. - p 179 [Nr. Estr. 4537]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Moreno° A, Piccirillo A, Mondin A, Morandini E, Gav azzi L, Cordioli° P
Epidemic of infectious laryngotracheitis in Italy: characterization of virus isolates by
PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis
Avian Dis. - Vol. 54 n 4 ( 2010). - p 1172-1177. - 27 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4596]
Between May 2007 and October 2008, 34 outbreaks of mild to moderate forms of infectious
laryngotracheitis (ILT) occurred in commercial broiler flocks in Italy. Affected birds showed watery
eyes, conjunctivitis, nasal discharge, reduction of feed and water consumption, and gasping with
expectoration of blood-stained mucus. The mortality rate was <10%. Gross lesions consisted of
conjunctivitis, excess of mucus, blood, or presence of diphtheritic membranes in trachea. A real-time
PCR assay was performed to confirm the presence of ILT virus (ILTV) DNA in tracheal tissue
homogenates. Twenty-three ILTV isolates were propagated on the chorion-allantoic membrane of
embryonated chicken eggs showing typical plaques. PCR combined with restriction fragment length
polymorphism and gene sequencing of isolates showed a high genetic correlation between field
strains and chicken embryo origin vaccines.
.
Moreno° AM, Barbieri° I, Chiapponi° C, Sozzi° E, Fo ni° E, Zanoni° MG, Lelli° D,
Cordioli° P
Genetic evolution of italian H1N2 swine influenza virus during 1998-2009: presence of new
reassortant strains
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., c2010]. - p 74. - 4 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4566]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Moscati l, Sensi M, Battistacci l, Amadori° M
Innate immunity of pigs under field conditions
9th International Veterinary Immunology Symposium : August 16th - 20th, 2010 : Tokio : Program
and book of abstracts / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 111 [Nr. Estr. 4649]
International Veterinary Immunology Symposium (9th : Tokio : August 16th - 20th, 2010)
Some parameters of innate immunity vere monitored in two pig fattening farms. Materials and
methods This study was carried out in winter on pigs from Danish genealogy book in two fattening
farms in Central Italy. Farm 1 consisted of two pens housing weaned and growing finishing pigs,
respectively. All in all out housing scheme was not applied in this herd because of the frequent
arrival of new animals. A chronic respiratory syndrome sustained by Actinobacillus
pleuropneumoniae had been present for a long time with high morbidity and mortality. Herd 1 was
compared with another one (herd 2), located in the saure area and consisting of two fattening pens;
in this herd pigs were born in the same breeding unit and their clinical conditions were satisfactory.
Blood samples from 15, randomly chosen animals of the same age groups were collected in herd 1
(problem) and 2 (Healthy) at monthly intervals. The following parameters were investigated in serum:
haemolytic complement, lysozyme, bactericidal activity (SBA), haptoglobin, albumin, zinc, and iron.
Two way ANOVA was applied to the data sets of this trial. Results and Discussion. Diseased
animals of the problem herd showed at time 0 a significantly higher serum haptoglobin concentration
(P&it;0.01) two weeks after the onset of a respiratory syndrome sustained by Actinobacillus
pleuropneumoniae. Three months later (time 3), the recovered animals showed significantly worse
values of both SBA and serum lysozyme. Reduced serum levels of iron and zinc were evidenced in
the problem herd, the greatest differences being revealed at time 3 (p&it;0.001). Animals of the
problem herd also showed lower albumin concentrations at times 1, 2 and 3 (p&it; 0.001 at time 2),
as sign of a negative acute phase response. Interestingly, animals of both problem and healthy
herds showed low SBA and high lysozyme concentrations in later samplings as a possible outcome
of difficult adaptation during the fattening phase. Results indicate that animal health and welfare in
pigs can be monitored by combining clinical and environmental inspections with proper
investigations of innate immunity.
Mutze G, Kovaliski J, Butler K, Capucci° L, McPhee S
The effect of rabbit population control programmes on the impact of rabbit haemorrhagic
disease in South-Eastern Australia
J Appl Ecology. - Vol. 47 ( 2010). - p 1137-1146. - 30 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4488]
The effect of rabbit population density on transmission of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV)
is a critical aspect of disease ecology for rabbit control and rabbit conservation. We examined the
interaction between rabbit control and spread of RHDV and a non-pathogenic calicivirus (bCV) in
Australian wild rabbit populations, and reviewed existing recommendations for control in this context.
Rabbits were sampled at eight pairs of sites; from rabbit populations where densities had been
reduced by conventional control and from matching uncontrolled populations. Sites chosen ranged
from hot, arid areas where RHDV had greatly reduced rabbit numbers to cooler, higher-rainfall areas
where rabbits remained more abundant. Virus activity was implied from antibody profiles in sera of
surviving rabbits. Reducing population density by conventional control had a similar effect on
disease transmission despite a seven-fold difference in initial density. Populations reduced by 70%
or more had lower RHDV antibody prevalence in juvenile rabbits but not in adult rabbits, indicating
that reducing rabbit density slowed but did not stop RHDV transmission. We found no interactions
between rabbit control, RHDV and bCV that could be exploited to improve rabbit management.
Synthesis and applications. Delayed RHDV infection in rabbit control sites is likely to be offset by
higher mortality in older rabbits, so that conventional rabbit control does not reduce the impact of
RHDV on rabbit populations. Only minor changes to delay the timing of summer rabbit control
programmes in cooler areas of Australia are necessary to take best advantage of RHDV-induced
reduction in rabbit numbers. For conservation management of rabbits in Europe, these findings
indicate that RHDV may continue to have a severe impact on rabbit populations that have been
reduced to low population density, but also raise the possibility that bCVs might be introduced to
rabbit populations to aid their recovery.
Mutze G, Sinclair R, Peacock D, Kovaliski J, Capucci° L
Does a benign calicivirus reduce the effectiveness of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus
(RHDV) in Australia? Experimental evidence from field releases of RHDV on bait
Wildl Res. - Vol. 37 no 4 ( 2010). - p 311-319. - 30 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4489]
Context. European rabbits are serious environmental and agricultural pests throughout their range in
Australia. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) greatly reduced rabbit numbers in arid central
Australia but had less impact in cooler, higher-rainfall areas. RHDV-like benign caliciviruses (bCVs)
have been implicated in limiting the impact of RHDV in the higher-rainfall regions of Australia and
also in Europe Aims. Experimental releases of RHDV on bait were tested as a means of initiating
disease outbreaks. Serological evidence of antibodies to bCVs was examined to determine whether
they reduce mortality rates and/or spread of the released RHDV, and how that might influence the
effectiveness of future RHDV releases for rabbit management. Methods. Four experimental releases
were conducted in high-rainfall and coastal regions of southern Australia. Virus activity was implied
from recapture rates and serological changes in marked rabbits, and genetic sequencing of virus
recovered from dead rabbits. Changes in rabbit abundance were estimated from spotlight transect
counts. Key results. Release of RHDV on bait produced disease outbreaks that challenged almost
all animals within the general release area and spread up to 4 km beyond the release sites.
Recapture rates were high in marked rabbits that possessed antibodies from previous exposure to
RHDV and extremely low amongst rabbits that lacked any detectable antibodies. Rabbits carrying
antibodies classified as being due to previous infection with bCVs had recapture rates that were
dependent on circulating antibody titre and were ~55% of recapture rates in rabbits with clear
antibodies to RHDV. Conclusions. This is the first quantified evidence that antibodies produced
against bCVs provide significant protection against RHD outbreaks in field populations of rabbits.
Implications. bCVs can greatly reduce the impact of RHDV on wild-rabbit populations in Australia
and presumably elsewhere. RHDV can be effectively released on bait although further releases are
likely to be of minor or inconsistent benefit for controlling rabbit numbers where bCVs are common
.
Nassuato° C, Avisani° D, Alborali° L, Bellini° S
Swine vesicular disease between -farm transmission parameters during the 2006-2007
epidemic in Lombardy region
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., 2010]. - p 216 [Nr. Estr. 4675]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Nassuato° C, Cerioli° M, Abrami S, Alborali° L, Bel lini° S
Misurazione di alcuni parametri di biosicurezza negli allevamenti di bovine da latte nella ASL
di Brescia attraverso la somministrazine di un questionario e sua validazione
Osservatorio. - Vol. 13 no 1 ( 2010). - p 1-6 [Nr. Estr. 4446]
Nigrelli° AD, Casappa P, Camoni C
Infezioni miste nel periodo post-svezzamento del suino con particolare riferimento a
streptococcosi a colibacillosi
Riv Zootec Vet. - Vol. 42 no 1 ( 2010). - p 27-35. - 12 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4453]
Prendendo spunto da alcune delle più comuni patologie presenti nell'allevamento suino italiano
viene esaminata la situazione attuale relativamente alla loro presenza in campo, ai quadri
sintomatologici da esse provocati e al-la possibilità di interazione con altri patogeni anche di origine
virale. Gli autori si soffermano in particolare sul-la valutazione dell'efficacia di una nuova premiscela
medicamentosa costituita dall'associazione tra amminosidina e amoxicillina nel contenere le
principali manifestazioni cliniche associate a E. coli e Streptococcus suis nel periodo
post-svezzamento.
Considering some of the most common pathologies in the Italian swine breeding the current
situation related to their incidence, symptoms and interactions with other bacterial and viral
pathogens has been investigated. The authors focused their attention on the evaluation of a new
medicateti premix containing an amminosidineamoxicilline combination, controlling the main
symptoms associated to E. coli and Streptococcus suis infections, during post-weaning period.
Nogarol C, Bianchi DM, Vencia W, Losio° MN, Zuccon F, Decastelli L
Caratterizzazione molecolare di isolati di Pseudomonas fluorescens da prodotti
lattiero-caseari: ottimizzazione di un protocollo PFGE
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
119-120. - 2 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4508]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Since June 2010 a large amount of fresh dairy products with anomalous coloration was reported all
over Italian territory. The microbiological analyses showed the presence of high count of
Pseudomonas fluorescens, environmental bacterium, able to produce green-blue pigments.
Because of the large number and diffusion of these anomalous colorations and in order to
investigate the origin of food contamination, a Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) protocol has
been optimized in order to characterize at molecular level the isolates
.
Ntafisa V, Fragkiadakia E, Xylouria E, Omirou A, Lavazza° A, Martella V
Rotavirus-associated diarrhoea in foals in Greece
Vet Microbiol. - Vol. 144 ( 2010). - p 461-465. - 33 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4338]
Severe outbreaks of diarrhoeic syndrome occurred in young foals at the same stud farm during two
consecutive breeding periods namely spring 2006 and 2007. Rotavirus-like particles were detected
by electron microscopy in the faeces of the affected foals and group A rotavirus infection was
confirmed by Reverse-Transcription (RT)-PCR with selected sets of rotavirus-specific primers.
Sequence analysis of the genes encoding the outer capsid rotavirus proteins VP7 and VP4 enabled
classification of the viruses as G3AP[12] and revealed that the viruses were highly similar to recently
reported equine rotavirus strains circulating in Europe. All Greek equine rotavirus isolates were
genetically identical, suggesting persistence of the same viral strain in the stud farm, over the two
consecutive foaling periods.
Petrini S, Gavaudan S, Cagiola M, Silenzi V, Mazzone P, Paniccia M, Ferrari° M,
Bottarelli E, Iacchia G, Dall’Ara P, Fortunati M, Poli G
Valutazione di una prova immunoenzimatica a spot (ELISpot) nei confronti dell’interferon
gamma (IFN-ypsilon) evaluation of a new enzyme linked immunosorbent spot assay =
Evaluation of a new enzyme linked immunosorbent spot assay (ELISpot) against bovine interferon
gamma (IFN-ypsilon) in different cattle groups of marchigiana breed
Atti Soc Ital Sci Vet. - Vol. 64 ( 2010). - p 138-140. - 15 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4622]
Convegno Nazionale della Societa' Italiana delle Scienze Veterinarie (SISVET) (64 : Asti : 7-10
Settembre 2010)
In this study two groups of cattle (one from a farm free of bovine tuberculosis and the other from an
infected farm) were injected intradermally (i.d.) with purified protein derivative (PPD). Another group
served as negative control. After two PPD inoculations, clinical and cell-mediated immune response
(CMI) were evaluated. At the end of the study all animals were slaughtered and target tissues were
collected for histological observation, bacteriological examination and molecular studies (PCR). Only
in Group 2, significant IFN-ã production was detected by ELISA and ELISpot assays. Two animals
from the same group showed fever and edema of lymph nodes. From the organs of these animals
Mycobacterium bovis was isolated and confirmed by PCR reaction. Then, macroscopic and
histological examinations evidenced the typical lesions from genus Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex.
Petrini S, Paniccià M, Fortunati M, Villa° R, Gavau dan S, Silenzi V, Barchiesi F,
Mancini P, Ferrari° M
Prove di replicazione e trasmissione virale riferite al Circovirus suino tipo 2 (PCV2) in colture
cellulari di origine murina
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
329-330. - 11 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4490]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
In this study a new cell line derived from kidney tissue of mouse (PMK) was established following
serial culture of primary cells, free of PCV2 and then infected with thirteen strains of PCV2 for the
trials of viral replication and transmission. The results showed that all viruses used grow on PMK
four days after experimental infection and can be transmitted through serial passages on the same
cell cultures with titres similar to those obtained from NSK cell line. All viral strains used, were also
evidenced the intracytoplasmatic inclusion body from 96 to 168 hours post-infection.
Pezzoni° G, Grazioli° S, Tironi° D, Barbieri° I, Br occhi° E
Validation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of swine vesicular
disease virus in experimental and field samples
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
Abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., 2010]. - p 187 [Nr. Estr. 4469]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Piccirillo A, Pasotto D, Martin° AM, Cordioli° P
Serological survey for influenza type A viruses in domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and
cats (Felis catus) in North-Eastern Italy
Zoonoses Public Health. - Vol. 57 no 4 ( 2010). - p 239-243. - 33 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4560]
To ascertain the potential transmission of influenza A viruses to dogs and cats, a serological survey
was carried out in North-eastern Italy. In a 4-year period, 637 serum samples were screened using a
Mab-based competitive ELISA for anti-nucleoprotein A (NPA) antibody detection of influenza
viruses. No evidence of anti-NPA antibodies was observed.
Pintore MD, Maurella C, D’Angelo A, Avanzato T, Florio CL, Bellino C, Gelmetti° D,
Maroni_Ponti A, Caramelli M, Casalone C, Iulini B
Sorveglianza della BSE in Italia: aspetti neuropatologici in bovini clinicamente sospetti =
Surveillance of BSE in Italy: neuropathological findings in clinically suspected cases
Atti Soc Ital Sci Vet. - Vol. 64 ( 2010). - p 102-104. - 12 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4625]
Convegno Nazionale della Societa' Italiana delle Scienze Veterinarie (SISVET) (64 : Asti : 7-10
Settembre 2010)
The purpose of this study was to review the neuropathological diagnoses obtained in the period
2001-2009 in cattle displaying clinical signs consistent with BSE. Whole Central Nervous System
(CNS) of 230 animals was examined by histology. Immunohistochemistry for PrPSc at the level of
frontal cortex was carried out in 100 animals in order to exclude the atypical BSE. Neuropathological
findings were detected in 36,9 % of the samples tested, no histological lesions were found in 55,2 %
and the unsuitable ones were 7,9 %. One case of BSE was detected but no case of atypical BSE
was observed. This study has demonstrated that the surveillance system is a necessary tool in order
to monitor neuropathological diseases and to discover BSE cases.
Pipia AP, Giobbe M, Mula P, Varcasia A, Sanna G, Walochnik J, Lavazza° A, Scala
A
Aggiornamenti epidemiologici e biomolecolari su Encephalitozoon cuniculi nei lagomorfi
della Sardegna (Italy) = Epidemiological and biomolecular updates on Encephalitozoon cuniculi in
lagomorpha of Sardinia (Italy)
Atti Soc Ital Sci Vet. - Vol. 64 ( 2010). - p 141-143. - 7 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4624]
Convegno Nazionale della Societa' Italiana delle Scienze Veterinarie (SISVET) (64 : Asti : 7-10
Settembre 2010)
From 2007 to 2009 a survey was carried out to determine the prevalence of Encephalitozoon spp. in
lagomorphs of Sardinia (Italy) in 9 industrial farms of rabbits (Oryctogalus cuniculus) and two
breedings of hares (Lepus capensis mediterraneus). A total of 378 slaughtered rabbits (both meat
rabbits and breeders) and 45 alive hares were examined. The survey was carried out through three
different approaches: 1. serological; 2. pathologically; 3.biomolecular. Sera obtained after
centrifugation were frozen at -18°C until the serol ogical examination with Carbon Immuno Assay
Test (CIA) (Medicago, Uppsala, SWE). Six out of the nine rabbit farms were found serologically
positive for E. cuniculi (66.7%), while the number of seropositive rabbits were 68 of 378 (18.5%). All
hares’ sera tested were negative. In all slaughtered rabbits macroscopic renal lesions presumably
attributable to the action of E. cuniculi were detected. The gross lesions were found in 62 out of the
378 subjects examinated (16.4%); they were classified with the following score: 0 = no lesions, 1 =
localized small white spots, 2 = widespread presence of small white spots, 3 = localized scarring, 4 =
wrinkles kidney. DNA was extracted from 22 samples positive to microsporidia for sequencing and
genotyping. Genotyping of DNA isolates showed 100% homology to E.cuniculi..
Pozzi SP, Alborali° G, Cordioli° P, Rosner A
Investigation of swine influenza sub-types H1N1, H3N2, H1N2 in pigs population in Israel
(2002-2009)
Isr J Vet Med. - Vol. 65 no 1 ( 2010). - p 11-14. - 28 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4465]
The recent emergence of H1N1 influenza in humans generated concerns about cross-species
infections between hurnans and swine, and the potential amplifing role of infected and densely
populated pigs units. In Israel there are 24 swine breeding units, mainly localized in Northern Region
and a single unit in the South; these units produce about 200,000 slaughtered pigs per year. While
in the part, data were collected and examined for varíous swine respiratory pathogens, no data has
been examined for the presence of influenza virus in swine populations in Israel. This work
retrospectively examines and summarizes the epArniological data for influenza viruses subtypes
HIN 1; H3N2, H1N2 in Israel swine population from 2002 to the present and describes the methods
used for serological and virological determinafions. 306 blood samples and 40 organs samples from
31 samplings out of 1.6 swine units vere found to be negative to sub types 1-IINI; H3N2; H1N2
influenza virus. The consistency of samplings used allowed us to conclude that swine populations in
Israel are negative to sub- type H1N1, H3N2, H1N2 influenza virus. Particular susceptibìlity of naive
swine populations to íntluenza viruses suggests that vaccination of workers involved in the pig
industry is indicated in order to decrease the risk of cross-infection and the possibility of reassortant
straín development.
Prati° P, Vicari° N, Boldini° M, Decastelli L, Magn ino° S, Faccini° S, Andreoli° G,
Nativi D, Fabbi° M
Implicazioni zoonosiche correlate alla circolazione di Coxiella burnetii negli allevamenti di
bovine da latte in alcune aree del Nord Italia
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 42. - 10
bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4523]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Q fever, a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, is endemic throughout the world and its primary
reservoir are cattle, sheep, goats and ticks. Infection is usually subclinical in these animals even if
the bacteria is excreted mainly by milk, fetuses and placenta of infected animals, feces and urine.
Humans are infected mainly by inhalation of contaminated aerosols or by ingestion of milk or fresh
dairy products. The resuts of an investigation in reproductive disorder and the prevalence of
Coxxiella burnetii in row milk are reported.
Raffi V, Mazzoni C, Rosignoli° C, Bonilauri° P, Spa ggiari° B, Gelmetti° D, Gibelli° L,
Maioli° G, Faccini° S, Dottori° M, Luppi° A, Tonon° F
Clostridiosi in sala parto: descrizione di un caso clinico dall’insorgenza atipica =
Clostridiosis in the farrowing room: a clinical case report with an atypical onset
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 136-144. - 15 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4351]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Nel presente lavoro gli Autori riportano la comparsa di una sindrome caratterizzata da morte entro
dodici ore dall’insorgenza dei sintomi, in numerose nidiate di suinetti lattanti di circa un giorno di vita
in un allevamento suino del Nord Italia. I sintomi clinici erano caratterizzati da ittero, apatia e diarrea
e l’esame necroscopico, eseguito presso l’Istituto Zooprofi lattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed
Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), sezione di Reggio Emilia, evidenziava quadri degenerativi epatici con
necrosi parenchimali ed un’enterite necrotico-emorragica al piccolo intestino. Sono state condotte
indagini tossicologiche sul mangime somministrato alle scrofe per la ricerca di micotossine con esito
negativo. Clostridium perfrigens e stato isolato dal piccolo intestino (1 x 107 ufc di C. perfrigens per
ogni grammo di contenuto intestinale) di diversi suinetti sottoposti ad esame necroscopico. La
successiva genotipizzazione tramite multiplex PCR, eseguita presso la sezione di Mantova
dell’IZSLER, ha identifi cato l’agente eziologico come portatore dei geni codificanti per le tossine a e
ß2. L’esame istologico ha evidenziato quadri di degenerazione epatica torbido-vacuolare, di enterite
necrotica al piccolo intestino e la presenza di numerose colonie di batteri gram-positivi sporigeni nel
lume intestinale. La soluzione del problema e stata ottenuta attraverso il trattamento terapeutico con
un macrolide long acting in tutti i suinetti nelle prime dodici ore dopo la nascita.
In this work the Authors described a syndrome in several suckling piglet broods (one-day old)
occurred in a herd in the Northern Italy and characterised by death 12 hours after the onset of
clinical signs. Clinical signs were characterised by jaundice, lethargy and diarrhea. Dead animals
submitted for necropsy to IZSLER, Reggio Emilia Laboratory, showed good nutritional condition,
necrosis of small intestine mucosa and liver degeneration with foci of parenchymal necrosis. Sow
feed micotoxin toxicological investigations were carried out to elucidate the nature of liver
degeneration with negative results. Clostridium perfrigens was isolated from the small intestine of
several piglets (1 x 107 ufc of C. perfrigens from each gram of intestinal content). In Mantova
laboratory (IZSLER) genes for toxins a and ß2 were detected using a multiplex polymerase chain
reaction method from C. perfrigens isolated. Histological examination of samples collected during
the necropsy showed vacuolar liver degeneration, necrotic enteritis and multiple gram-positive,
spore-forming bacterial colonies in the lumen. The syndrome did not appear to be related to dietary
or any other specific management factors. A long acting macrolid administer to piglets in the fi rst
twelve hours after the birth let a complete solution of the syndrome.
Razzuoli° E, Dotti° S, Archetti° IL, Amadori° M
Clinical chemistry parameters of piglets at weaning are modulated by an oral, low-dose
interferon-alfa treatment
Vet Res Commun. - Vol. 34 suppl 1 ( 2010). - p 189-192. - 6 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4445]
Clinical chemistry parameters were investigated in piglets weaned at 22 and 28 days. The effects of
an oral, low-dose interferon (IFN)-a treatment at weaning were evaluated as well. The trial was
carried out on 59 piglets from the same farm, allocated to three groups: the first and the second
groups were weaned at 28 and 22 days of age, respectively; the third group was weaned at 22 days
and orally treated at weaning with IFN-a at a low dose (1 IU human lymphoblastoid IFN-a /kg body
weight in drinking water) for 10 consecutive days. The results of the field trial confirmed that weaning
is one of the main stressing events for pigs at intensive farms. In particular, these findings are based
on a dramatic increase in serum haptoglobin levels after weaning in the three groups under study.
Results also indicated that early weaning at 22 days implies higher environmental adaptation. In
such animals, an oral, low-dose IFN-a treatment gave rise to a peculiar, negative, acute-phase
response (reduced levels of serum albumin) and to significantly lower a-globulin concentrations in
sera. Taken together, IFN-a was shown to modulate inflammatory responses to early weaning
stress..
Razzuoli° E, Dotti° S, Villa° R, Sossi° E, Candotti ° P, Amadori° M
Oral interferon-alpha treatment and environmental adaptation of swine
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 1172. - 5 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4437]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Razzuoli° E, Olzi E, Calà P, Cafazzo S, Magnani D, Archetti° IL, Nanni_Costa L,
Amadori° M
Valutazione di alcuni parametri di immunologia clinica in bovini sottoposti a trasporti brevi
nella filiera del centro genetico ANAFI = Clinical immunology parameters in cattle submitted to
short journeys to the ANAFI Genetic Centre
Buiatria. - Vol. 5 no 2 ( 2010). - p 23-29. - 5 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4457]
Il trasporto è un fattore ben noto di stress per gli animali di interesse zootecnico. Negli ultimi ann
l'attenzione del legislatore nazionale ed Europeo si è concentrata sulla problematica dei trasport
lunghi (> 8 ore ai sensi del Reg. 1/2005), trascurando, di fatto i brevi trasporti non percepiti com(
critici. In questo ambito, scopo del presente lavoro è stato valutare l'effetto del trasporto breve sull,
capacità di adattamento omeostatico di torelli Frisoni. I risultati ottenuti indicano una strategi,
adattativa complessiva a stressori di diversa natura, di cui il trasporto non costituisce
necessariament( la componente più importante. In tale strategia adattativa va evidenziata la risposta
di fase acut, negativa, che si evidenzia nei torelli a 15 giorni dall'arrivo al Centro Genetico; essa è
accompagnata, sia da una risposta in citochine pro-infiammatorie che da un graduale e significativo
incremento dell( gamma-globuline, in rapporto alle nuove condizioni di microbismo ambientale.
Transport is a very important stress factor for farro animals; hence, the European and Italiar
legislations have extensively considered the issue. However, journeys of short duration « 8 hours
Reg. 1/2005) have been substantially neglected in that a relevant risk factor is not perceived. Owing
tc the above, this study aimed at evaluating the effects of shortjourneys on the homeostatic
adaptatior of Frisian bulls. Our findings indicate a global adaptation strategy of cattle to various
environmenta stressors, of which transportation was not always of major importance. In such a
strategy, the negative acute phase response should be highlighted; this can be demonstrated 15
days after transportation anc it is sided by an inflammatory cytokine response and a stepwise
increase of serum gamma-globulin this latter result can be probably traced back to the
environmental infectious pressure experienced aftei transportation..
Razzuoli° E, Villa° R, Sossi° E, Amadori° M
Constitutive and virus-induced interferon-alpha responses in pigs
9th International Veterinary Immunology Symposium : August 16th - 20th, 2010 : Tokio : Program
and book of abstracts / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 176 [Nr. Estr. 4652]
International Veterinary Immunology Symposium (9th : Tokio : August 16th - 20th, 2010)
Constitutive expression of several interferon (IFN) alpha genes had been demonstrated by RT Real
Time PCR in PBMC of conventional pigs just before weaning, followed by a total transcriptional
block 7 days latér. Thus, we were prompted to carry out a comparative evaluation in vitro of
constitutive and virus induced IFN alpha responses. PBMC were recovered from venous blood of
seven, 80 day old Landrace x Large White pigs. Cells at 2 million cells per ml were grown for 20
hours in 12 well microplates at 37 C in a 57o CO2 incubator; they were either untreated (UN), or
submitted to a priming treatment with recombinant porcine IFN alphal (PR), or to the saure treatment
plus the addition of 30 Hemagglutinating Units per ml of infectious Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)
after 2 hours (V and PR), or the addition of NDV only after 2 hours (V). The expression of 11 IFN
alpha genes was investigated by RT Real Time PCR in the above PBMC samples and also in
uncultured PBMC of the same pigs (TO). The release of IFN alpha in tissue culture medium was
investigated by a bioassay on MDBK cells and a highly sensitive sandwich ELISA. Results obtained
on TO,UN,PR,V,V and PR samples indicateti that IFN alpha7,11 and (to a lesser extent) alpha5,6,
alphal and alpha2 genes are involved in constitutive expression and no substantial increase of
expression took place after virus stimulation. Instead, the expression of IFN alpha3 was not
evidenced under any experimental condition and that of IFN alpha12 was shown in two pigs, only.
On the contrary, the expression of IFN alpha9 gene went along with IFN protein release and was
strictly virus dependent with the exception of one pig, only. IL 1 beta could also induce the
expression of IFN alpha9 gene in vitro and the release of minute amounts of IFN alpha proteins. On
the whole, IFN alpha release by PBMC in vitro can be largely explained in terms of post
transcriptional control activities, since gene expression levels were often equal or greater in UN and
PR, compared with V samples, with the exception of IFN alpha9 gene: its transcription is probably a
key step for an efficient, high titered IFN alpha response in pigs..
Razzuoli° E, Villa° R, Sossi° E, Dotti° S, Amadori°
The interferon-alpha response in piglets at weaning
M
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 920. - 5 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4433]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Razzuoli° E, Villa° R, Sozzi° E, Amadori° M
Constitutive and virus-induced interferon-alpha responses in pigs
4th annual meeting Epizone : "Bridges to the future" : 7-10 June, 2010 Saint-Malo, France :
abstracts oral and poster presentations / [s.l. : s. n., 2010]. - p 130 [Nr. Estr. 4648]
Annual meeting Epizone (4th : Saint-Malo, France : 7-10 June, 2010)
Renzi° M, Galletti° G, Dosa G, Buratti° L, Merialdi ° G
La gestione di casi di Leishmaniosi infantum nel canile di Imola: terapia e monitoraggio di
cani infetti
2nd International Congress on Canine Leishmanisis = 2. Congresso Internazionale sulla
leishmaniosi canina : Pisa, Palazzo dei Congressi, 17-18 Aprile 2010 : estratti, relazioni,
comunicazioni brevi, poster / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 153-154. - 7 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4368]
International Congress on Canine Leishmaniasis (2 : Pisa : 17-18, Aprile 2010)
Ricchi° M, Barbieri G, Belletti° GL, Pongolini° S, Carra° E, Garbarino° C, Cammi°
G, Arrigoni° N
Sub-tipizzazione molecolare di Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis mediante
high-resolution melting DNA analysis e sonde non marcate
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
108-109. - 11 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4511]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
One of the most widely used techniques for the genotyping of Mycobacterium avium subsp.
paratuberculosis (Map), is Multi Locus Short Sequence Repeat (MLSSR). This technique is based
on the direct sequencing of some variable loci containing tandem repeats. Among the three loci
showing the highest variability (SSR1, SSR2 and SSR8), we focused on SSR8, which is constituted
by triplets ranging from three to fi ve repetitions. We developed a simple, rapid and cost-effective
method to resolve this locus. This method is based on a Real Time PCR followed by
High-Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis with unlabelled probes
.
Ricchi° M, Cammi° G, Garbarino° C, Buzzini P, Belle tti° G, Arrigoni° N
A rapid real time - PCR/DNA melting resolution method to identify Prototheca species
J Appl Microbiol. - Vol. 110 ( 2010). - p 27-34. - 33 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4455]
Aim: The study describes the development of a simple and rapid tool to identify yeast-like
microalgae belonging to the genus Prototheca.
Methods and Results: The method, based on two-step Real Time PCR reaction followed by DNA
Resolution Melting Analysis (qPCR / RMA), has been developed using reference strains belonging
to both pathogenic (P. zopfii genotype 2, P. wickerhamii and P. blaschkeae) and non-pathogenic
species (P. zopfii genotype 1, P. stagnora and P. ulmea). In order to validate the method, seventy
recently isolated Prototheca strains were thus tested in parallel with both the first qPCR /RMA and
the conventional genotype-specific PCR assay: they were classified as P. zopfii genotype 1, P. zopfii
genotype 2 and P. blaschkeae, with a perfect accordance between the two above methodologies.
Furthermore, we used the second qPCR /RMA to identify the other species (P. stagnora, P. ulmea
and P. wickerhamii), which cannot be discriminated by conventional PCR assay.
Conclusions: The assay two-step Real Time PCR is accurate, robust, costeffective and faster than
auxonographical, biochemical or conventional molecular biology methods. Significance and Impact
of the Study: the rapid and high throughout two-step qPCR /RMA tool can be usefully used for the
identification of clinical and environmental Prototheca species into the framework of the diagnosis of
animal (e.g. bovine mastitis) or human protothecosis.
Ricchi° M, Goretti M, Branda E, Cammi° G, Garbarino ° CA, Turchetti B, Moroni P,
Arrigoni° N, Buzzini P
Molecular characterization of Prototheca strains isolated from Italian dairy herds
J Dairy Sci. - Vol. 93 ( 2010). - p 4625-4631. - 31 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4545]
One hundred sixty-one Prototheca spp. strains isolated from composite milk and barn-surrounding
environmental samples (bedding, feces, drinking, or washing water, surface swabs) of 24 Italian
dairy herds were characterized by genotype-specific PCR analysis. Overall, 97.2% of strains
isolated from composite milk samples were characterized as Prototheca zopfii genotype 2,
confirming its role as the main mastitis pathogen, whereas Prototheca blaschkeae was only
sporadically isolated (2.8%). Regarding environmental sampling, 84.9% of isolates belonged to P.
zopfii genotype 2, 13.2% to P. blaschkeae, and 1.9% to P. zopfii genotype 1. The data herein
contradict previous hypotheses about the supposed exclusive role of P. zopfii genotype 2 as the
causative agent of protothecal mastitis and, on the contrary, confirm the hypothesis that such
pathology could be caused by P. blaschkeae in a few instances.
Rosignoli° C, Gelmetti° D, Gibelli° L, Lavazza° A, Canelli° E, Faccini° S, Archetti° I,
Salogni° C, Zanoni° MG, Boldini° M, Vezzoli° F, Arr igoni° N, Fontana° MC,
Merenda° M, Nigrelli° A
Studio retrospettivo su casi di sindrome emorragica nel vitello riferibili a “Bovine Neonatal
Pancytopenia”
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
354-355. - 9 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4487]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
From January 2008 to August 2010, 48 calves, dead due to an haemorrhagic syndrome resembling
“Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia” (BNP), were submitted to IZSLER laboratories for diagnostic
investigations. Calves originated from 31 herds, 10 of which had more than one clinical case.
Friesian was the most represented breed (97.8%) and the age of the calves at death time was 13,7
on average. At necropsy calves showed widespread haemorrhages especially on the skin, in the
muscles and along the gastrointestinal tract. Histology was performed on 24 cases. Bone marrow
hypoplasia/aplasia, severe depletion of lymphoid tissues and diffuse haemorrhages were the main
lesions. All virological investigations gave negative results. Moreover 7 (24.1%) out of 29 blood
samples, collected from apparently healthy calves living in herds with multiple cases of
haemorrhagic syndrome, showed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.
Rossini S, Cremonesi P, Benedetti° V, Capra E, Cast iglioni B, Pisoni G, Graber H,
Luini° M
Analisi genomica e proteomica su ceppi di S. aureus isolati da mastiti bovine
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p
358-359. - 8 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4486]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
We report the use of molecular methods based on genomics and proteomics assays for the
characterization of S. aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis. 42 strains were analyzed by PCR
amplification of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer (RS-PCR) and SELDI-ToF mass spectrometry.
Among the 32 strains isolated in Italy, the RS-PCR revealed 6 strains belonging to the genotype B
that could be associated with high contagiosity. As previously demonstrated, this assay seems to be
able to genotype different strains of S. aureus becoming a good epidemiological tool. SELDI-ToF
analysis revealed a peak with m/z 7664 associated with genotype B strains and suggest that the
technology could be useful in the profi ling of S. aureus. However its effectiveness in epidemiological
studies should be deeply investigated.
Rugna° G, Spaggiari B, Grazioli° S, Licata E, Sozzi ° E, Tamba° M, Merialdi° G
Wild boar population monitoring program in Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy): results of years
2006-2009
9th conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) " Healthy wildlife, healthy
people" : Vlieland, The Netherlands, 13 to 16 September 2010 / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 108 [Nr. Estr.
4608]
Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) (9th : Vlieland, The
Netherlands : 13 to 16 September 2010)
Worldwide, the population density of wild boar is increasing, leading a higher contact rate between
hosts with regard to the transmission of infectious diseases. The knowledge of diseases circulating
in wildlife populations is significant not only for conservation and livestock production but also for
public health. Here we report the results of a 4 years monitoring program of wildlife disease
implemented in Emilia-Romagna region, Italy during 2006-2009. Wild boar blood sera were analysed
for the presence of antibodies against Swine Vesicular Disease Virus (SVDV), Classical Swine
Fever Virus (CSFV) and Aujeszky’s Disease Virus (ADV), while samples of muscular tissue were
examined for the presence of Trichinella spp. larvae, according to Regulation (EC) 2075/2005.
Samples from 28,035 wild boars were collected during 4 hunting seasons. No antibodies against
CSFV (0/6,716) and SVDV (0/5,812) were detected, while 1,311/5,632 sera resulted positive for
ADV. The prevalence rates were 31.9%, 35.2%, 21.6% and 31.3% in 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009,
respectively. Trichinella spp. larvae were detected in 1/28,035 wild boar. The parasite was detected
in a young male wild boar hunter-killed at the end of December 2009 and was identified as T.
pseudospiralis by multiplex PCR. Wild boar populations have been reported to be infected by ADV
almost worldwide in a variable proportion. The seroprevalence in Emilia Romagna is high, so it may
be important to consider the possible role of wild boar as reservoir for domestic pigs, in particular for
outdoor pig herds. The continuous monitoring of SVDV and CSFV circulation in wild populations is
pivotal for the demonstrated epidemiological connection with domestic swine outbreaks and the
significant economic impact of such diseases. The monitoring program confirms the very low
circulation of Trichinella spp. in the regional wildlife populations; moreover it has allowed to detect a
species which had never been reported before in mammalian hosts in Italy.
Salogni° C, Cervellione F, Zanoni° M, Giovannini° S , Alborali° GL
Yersinia ruckeri in storione siberiano (Acipenser baeri): descrizione di un episodio in un
allevamento nel Nord Italia
XVI Convegno Nazionale Società Italiana di Patologia Ittica (SIPI) : 27-29 Maggio 2010, Orvieto
(TR) : atti / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 30 [Nr. Estr. 4576]
Convegno Nazionale Società Italiana di Patologia Ittica (SIPI) (16. : Orvieto (TR) : 27-29 Maggio
2010)
Sarli G, Morandi F, Panaresa D, Bacci B, Ferrara D, Fusaro L, Bacci ML, Galeati G,
Dottori° M, Bonilauri° P, Lelli° D, Leotti G, Vila T, Josef F, Ostanello F
Conventional, sows inseminated with artificially PCV2-infected semen : in vitro results
2nd European Symposium on Porcine Health Managements (ESPHM) "Pig heath, performance and
welfare" : 26th-28th May 2010, Hannover, Germany : proceedings / [s.l. : s.n, 2010]. - p 77. - 10 bib
ref [Nr. Estr. 4583]
European Symposium on Porcine Health Managements (ESPHM) (2nd : Hannover, Germany :
26th-28th May 2010)
Sarli G, Morandi F, Panarese S, Bacci B, Ferrara D, Fusaro L, Bacci ML, Galeati G,
Dottori° M, Bonilauri° P, Lelli° D, Leotti G, Vila T, Joisel F, Ostanello F
Conventional sows inseminated with artificially PCV2 infected semen: I. In vivo results
21st International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) : July 18 – 21, 2010 Vancouver, Canada :
proceedings / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - cdrom p 458. - 10 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4423]
International Pig Veterinary Society Congress (IPVS) (21st : Vancouver, Canada : July 18 – 21,
2010)
Sarli G, Morandi F, Panarese S, Bacci B, Ferrara D, Fusaro L, Bacci ML, Govoni N,
Dottori° M, Bonilauri° P, Lelli° D, Leotti G, Vila T, Josel F, Ostanello F
Scrofe convenzionali fecondate con seme artificialmente infettato con circovirus suino tipo2
(PCV2) = Conventional sows inseminated with artificially PCV2 infected semen
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 254-263. - 23 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4361]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Sei scrofe convenzionali sono state inseminate con seme sperimentalmente infettato con PCV2
mentre 3 soggetti con seme addizionato del solo terreno di coltura privo del virus. Solo 3 dei 6
animali sperimentalmente infettati sono risultati gravidi ad un controllo ecografi co al 29° giorno
post-inseminazione, mentre tutti i controlli sono risultati gravidi. La viremia e stata dimostrata in 4
soggetti su 6 del gruppo degli infetti che, rispetto al gruppo di controllo, hanno anche presentato titoli
anticorpali anti PCV2 piu persistenti. Il soggetto del gruppo degli infetti a piu basso titolo anticorpale
(1:100) all’inizio della sperimentazione ha mostrato la viremia piu prolungata ed il maggiore numero
di feti PCV2 positivi (10 su 16). In una placenta si e rilevata necrosi coaugulativa focale del chorion
positiva all’indagine immunoistochimica per PCV2. Lo studio complessivamente ha permesso di
dimostrare che: 1) l’esposizione intrauterina in suini convenzionali puo riprodurre l’infezione; 2) un
basso titolo anticorpale aumenta la probabilita di infezione; 3) l’infezione da PCV2 contestualmente
alla fecondazione, riduce la probabilita di gravidanza; 4) il substrato anatomoistopatologico della
sofferenza fetale va individuato anche in lesioni placentali.
Six conventional sows were inseminated with PCV2 added semen (infected) and three animals with
semen and viral medium (controls). At ultrasonography (day 29 post insemination), only three out of
the six infected animals were pregnant, unlike controls, all pregnant. Viremia was demonstrated in 4
out of 6 infected animals, along with a mean antibody titre higher only in exposed sows. Among
infected, the sow with the lowest anti PCV2 titre (1/100) at the beginning of the experiment, kept
displaying positive blood results over time and had also the highest number of PCV2 positive
foetuses (10/16). One placenta displayed mild focal necrosis of the chorionic epithelium, positively
stained by IHC for PCV2 antigen.The results obtained suggest that: 1) conventional sows can be
infected by intrauterine exposition; 2) low antibody titres increase the probability of infection; 3)
PCV2 infection close to insemination time reduces the pregnancy rate; 4) placental lesions may
represent an additional cause of fetal suffering.
Scaglione FE, Biolatti PG, Sferra C, Tagliabue° S, Lavazza° A, Masoero G, Chicco
R, Miglietti E, Lotti R, Affori MT, Caracciolo F, Rutigliano B, Bollo E
Valutazioni preliminari sull'utilizzo di un vaccino stabulogeno per Escherichia coli
Summa anim reddito. - Vol. 5 no 1 ( 2010). - p 25-34. - 14 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4316]
Scatassa ML, Arculeo P, Carrozzo A, Ducato B, Giosuè C, Miraglia V, Salerno G,
Arcuri L, Arrigoni° N, Mancuso I, Caracappa S
Isolamento di Prototheca zopfii (genotype 2) in un allevamento bovino da latte in Sicilia =
Isolation of Prototheca zopfii (genotype 2) from a dairy herd in Sicily
Atti Soc Ital Sci Vet. - Vol. 64 ( 2010). - p 121-123. - 9 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4623]
Convegno Nazionale della Societa' Italiana delle Scienze Veterinarie (SISVET) (64 : Asti : 7-10
Settembre 2010)
Prototheca sp are acholorophylic unicellular algae causing infectious diseases in animals (whose
prevalent form is bovine mastitis) and in humans. These algae are ubiquitous saprophytes, with a
particular affinity for wet environments containing organic matter. This is the first isolation case of P.
zopfii (genotype 2) in a dairy herd presenting chronic mastitis reported in Sicily. The alga was
isolated from milk, drinking and washing water, lactating cows’ and calves’ faeces, and soil. The
somatic cell count in the individual milk was higher in presence of P. zopfii. Milk samples (alga
concentration between 4.1 and 6.2*104ufc/ml) were pasteurized and resulted negative. The raw milk
was processed to make cheese and ricotta and the alga was found only in the curd (105 ufc/g) but
not in the final products.
Sozzi° E, Barbieri° I, Lavazza° A, Lelli° D, Moreno ° A, Canelli° E, Bugnetti° M,
Cordioli° P
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 of Porcine Enteric
Picornaviruses isolates in Italy
Transboundary Emerg Dis. - Vol. 57 ( 2010). - p 434-442. - 23 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4542]
Porcine enterovirus (PEV), Porcine Teschovirus and Porcine sapelovirus, belonging to the family
Picornaviridae, are ubiquitous and mainly cause asymptomatic infections in pigs. In this study, a
total of 40 Italian porcine picornavirus isolates were characterized by sequencing the capsid
VP1-encoding gene. This procedure turned out to be a useful diagnostic tool for the molecular
identification of porcine enterovirus, teschovirus and sapelovirus strains and for the study of
molecular epidemiology and evolution of these viruses confirming the possibility of correlating virus
genotype to serotype.
Sozzi° E, Luppi° A, Lelli° D, Moreno_Martin° A, Can elli° E, Brocchi° E, Lavazza° A,
Cordioli° P
Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and RT-PCR for the detection of porcine
epidemic diarrhoea virus
Res Vet Sci. - Vol. 88 no 1 ( 2010). - p166-168. - 17 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4190]
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) is a contagious enteric disease of pigs caused by a coronavirus.
A double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) based on the use of
monoclonal antibodies was developed for the detection of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV).
The DAS-ELISA was compared with RT-PCR in the examination of 506 specimens collected during
2006–2007 from pigs originating from different farms located in the Po valley. Both faecal samples
obtained directly from the rectum of live animals showing clinical signs and intestinal samples
collected from the caecum of deceased pigs were included in the study. The correlation between the
two methods was higher when testing faecal samples (K = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94–1.00) than testing
intestinal samples (K = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.35–0.89). The use of ELISA technology provided an efficient
and effective mean of evaluating the presence of coronavirus PED antigen in field samples and
indicates that this procedure is a very useful tool in epidemiological studies.
Sozzi° E, Martinelli° N, Moreno° A, Lelli° D, Fonta na° R, Canelli° E, Vinco° LJ,
Alborali° GL, Lombardi° G, Cordioli° P
Virus influenzale pandemico (A/H1N1) nel suino = Pandemic influenza virus (A/H1N1)in pigs
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 153-158. - 11 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4350]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
Il virus infl uenzale pandemico A/H1N1 e un nuovo ceppo di virus infl uenzale tipo A/H1N1 di origine
suina caratterizzato dalla combinazione di segmenti genomici di lineaggio Nord Americano ed
Europeo e responsabile di infezioni respiratorie nell’uomo. Per meglio comprendere la dinamica di
replicazione, la trasmissione virale e l’insorgenza di sintomi clinici nei suini, sono state condotte
infezioni sperimentali con virus pandemici A/ H1N1. Nella prima infezione sperimentale, sono stati
infettati due suini con A/It/148/2009 (H1N1), che hanno manifestato sintomi respiratori, caratterizzati
da scolo nasale, tosse e rialzo termico per 3 giorni post infezione (p.i.). Il virus e stato isolato dal
suino sacrifi cato 3 giorni p.i., mentre nell’altro suino e stata rilevata la comparsa di una risposta
immunitaria specifi ca. Nella seconda infezione sperimentale, sono stati infettati cinque suini con
A/Sw/ It/290271/2009 (H1N1) e due soggetti sono stati posti a contatto.. I tamponi nasali di tutti i
soggetti infettati, prelevati da 2 a 7 giorni p.i., sono risultati positivi in rRT-PCR, mentre solo due al 9
giorno p.i. La risposta anticorpale e stata rilevata tramite NPA-ELISA e HI da 9 giorni p.i. e da 14
giorni p.i., rispettivamente per i suini infettati e per quelli a contatto.
Influenza virus A/H1N1, which is currently causing a pandemic, contains gene segments with
ancestors in the North American and Eurasian swine lineages. To get insights into virus replication
dynamics, clinical symptoms and virus transmission in pigs, we infected animals intratracheally with
infl uenza pandemic viruses A/H1N1. In the fi rst trial, nasal discharge, sneezing and fever were
observed in two pigs inoculated with A/It/148/2009 (H1N1).. One pig was sacrifi ced 3 days
post-infection (p.i.) and virus detected in lungs, trachea and nasal swabs. Serum of other infected
pig collected 18 days p.i. was positive by NPA-ELISA and HI tests. In the second trial, pigs
inoculated with A/Sw/It/290271/2009 (H1N1) developed only mild fever. Nasal swabs of all infected
animals were positive by rRTPCR 2, 4 and 7 days p.i., and 9 days p.i. in only two pigs. Contact pigs
became infected, shed virus and developed clinical symptoms similar to those shown by the
inoculated animals. Serological response was evidenced by NPA-ELISA and HI starting 9 days p.i.
in infected and 14 days p.i. in contact pigs.
Sozzi° E, Moreno° A, Barbieri° I, Foni° E, Alborali ° L, Zanoni° M, Nigrelli° A, Lelli°
D, Lombarbi° G, Cordioli° P
Prevalenza del virus dell'influenza suina (SIV) negli allevamenti suinicoli del Nord Italia
Osservatorio. - Vol. 13 no 2 ( 2010). - p 15-27 [Nr. Estr. 4603]
Spaggiari B, Marzi D, Merialdi° G, Cuccurese A, Mas sirio I, Anniballi F, Bano L,
Defilippo° F, Dottori° M
Clostridium botulinum type C outbreak in wild mammals in Italy
9th conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) " Healthy wildlife, healthy
people" : Vlieland, The Netherlands, 13 to 16 September 2010 / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 72 [Nr. Estr.
4549]
Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) (9th : Vlieland, The
Netherlands : 13 to 16 September 2010)
During the late summer of 2008 an uncommon increase of the mortality rate of different avian
species was observed along Crostolo and Rodano rivers in Emilia Romagna region, Italy (lat.
44°67’64’’N, long. 10°62’56’’E). The largest part o f the affected birds was represented by mallards
(Anas platyrhynchos). Other species involved were little egret (Egretta garzetta), common kingfisher
(Alcedo atthis), great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus),
yellow wagtail (Motacilla flava), rock pigeon (Columba livia), European magpie (Pica pica), hooded
crow (Corvus corone cornix) and common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). In addition to avian
species, 21 dead coypus (Myocastor coypus) and 4 Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) were retrieved
in the areas of the epizootic. Overall 26 birds, 4 coypus and 1 rat were submitted for necropsy,
bacteriological, toxicological and virological examinations. Sera collected from 3 moribund mallards
and sera obtained from heart clots of dead mammals were filtered through a 0.22 µm filter and
tested for Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins by mouse test. Intestinal and liver samples collected
from birds and mammals carcasses were tested for the presence of C. botulinum by bacteriological
procedures and PCR for type A, B, C, D, E, F. All tested sera resulted positive for C. botulinum type
C neurotoxin and C. botulinum type C was isolated and detected by PCR. The remaining
investigations resulted negative. C. botulinum type C has been occasionally observed in mammals
such as cattle, cats, dogs and horses but, to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of natural
acquired botulism in coypus and rats connected with an avian botulism outbreak. Water and plant
contamination from infected carcasses or maggots could have lead to mammal species intoxication.
This is especially true for coypus that are strictly vegetarian, while rats intoxication could also have
derived from the ingestion of maggots or from scavenging toxin-laden carcasses.
Spaggiari B, Rugna° G, Licata E, Frasnelli° M, Bari gazzi° G, Gelmini° L, Massi° P,
Renzi° M, Ricchi° M, Merialdi° G
Wildlife fauna monitoring plan in Emilia Romagna Region (Italy): health status of roe deer
(Capreolus capreolus) population
9th conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) " Healthy wildlife, healthy
people" : Vlieland, The Netherlands, 13 to 16 September 2010 / [s.l. : s.n., 2010]. - p 109 [Nr. Estr.
4609]
Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA) (9th : Vlieland, The
Netherlands : 13 to 16 September 2010)
Roe deer (RD) (Capreolus capreolus) was included in target species of Emilia Romagna monitoring
plan of wildlife during 2008-2009 with the aim of gathering information on population health status,
prevalence of zoonotic agents and relevant infectious diseases for interacting domestic livestock.
Serological investigations were run for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), Brucella spp., B.
burgdorferi and T. gondii antibodies on hunter-killed RD. Direct investigations for MAP, Brucella
spp., VTEC, Y. enterocolitica, Salmonella spp. and gastrointestinal parasites were performed on
either found-dead or sick RD. Overall 576 RD were examined: 464 hunter-killed and 112 either
found-dead or sick. During post-mortem examination of carcasses or viscera, gross signs of
enterocolitis and diarrhoea were found in 14% of cases. Significantly, 55% of found-dead RD
exhibited diarrhoea while only 4% of hunted ones did. Serological investigations for Brucella spp.
yielded negative outcomes, while B. burgdorferi infection was found in 56/273 individuals.
Sixty-three sera out of 248 tested positive for T. gondii, a medium-to-high prevalence mainly
involving adult RD. MAP antibodies were found in 4/353 healthy RD. On the other hand, MAP
PCR-positive RD (7/35) were diarrhoeic individuals. EAE gene+ E. coli was detected 13/94 animals
with statistically significant differences between shot and found-dead/sick RD. Moreover, the
pathogen was prevalent (p<0,05) in diarrhoeic animals. Salmonella spp. was isolated from 2
non-diarrhoeic shot RD. Eight percent of RD tested positive for Y. enterocolitica Biogroup1A, which
includes non-pathogenic european strains. Gastrointestinal strongyles occurred at high prevalence
(46/131) even though low parasite burdens prevailed. When present, low level coccidia parasitism
(16/131) almost always co-occurred with worms and rarely associated with diarrhoea. On the base
of the results of this survey the general health status of this RD population appears generally
satisfactory and diarrhoea was found to be associated with pathogens commonly found wild
ruminants.
Stercoli° L, Pezzoni° G, Brocchi° E
Evaluation of ORF2 and ORF3 recombinant antigens in HEV antibody-detection ELISA
1st Congress of the European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) :
15-17 September 2010 Lelystad, the Netherlands : abstracts / [s.l : s.n, c2010]. - O-1-06 [Nr. Estr.
4466]
Congress of the European Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (EAVLD) (1st :
Lelystad, the Netherlands : 15-17 September 2010)
Stercoli° L, Pezzoni° G, Brocchi° E
Valutazione degli antigeni ricombinanti ORF2 e ORF3 in un test ELISA per la ricerca di
anticorpi anti-HEV in suini
XII Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Genova, Magazzini del Cotone, 27-29 Ottobre 2010 : volume
degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( SIDiLV ), 2010]. - p 67-69. 3 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4518]
Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (12. :
Genova : 27-29 Ottobre 2010)
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the aetiological agent of enterically transmitted non-HAV and non-HBV
hepatitis. Swine HEV isolates show close genetic relatedness to the human genotype 3 and may
have a role as zoonotic agents. In this study the ORF2 and ORF3 capsid proteins were expressed in
both E.coli and Baculovirus systems and specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced for
the development of ELISA assays for antibody detection in swine sera. The ORF2 protein was
shown to be highly immunogenic, in contrast to ORF3, and the ELISA based on
Baculovirus-expressed antigen, captured by a MAb, showed the best performances, detecting an
overall seroprevalence of 50%
.
Strive T, Wright J, Kovaliski J, Botti° G, Capucci° L
The non-pathogenic Australian lagovirus RCV-A1 causes a prolonged infection and elicits
partial cross-protection to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus
Virology. - Vol. 398 n 1 ( 2010). - p 125-134. - 42 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4238]
Two caliciviruses occur in Australian wild rabbits: rabbit calicivirus Australia 1 (RCV-A1) and rabbit
haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), which is used in Australia as a biocontrol agent to reduce feral
rabbit populations. There is concern that RCV-A1 acts as a natural vaccine and protects from lethal
RHDV infection. To investigate this hypothesis, domestic rabbits were perorally infected with
RCV-A1, monitored for 28 days and subsequently challenged with RHDV. We show that RCV-A1
causes a non-pathogenic infection and is shed in faeces for up to 7 days post-infection. RCV-A1
was detected in the bile 2 months post-inoculation, indicating a prolonged or possible persistent
infection. All animals infected with RCV-A1 developed antibodies cross-reacting to RHDV. When
challenged with RDHV, half of the rabbits (n = 4) survived the infection. The results indicate that
RCV-A1 is likely to persist in rabbit populations and can elicit partial cross-protection to lethal RHDV
infection.
Tosi° G, Taddei° R, Barbieri I, Fiorentini° L, Mass i° P
Caratterizzazione molecolare dei ceppi di virus della bronchite infettiva aviare isolati in Italia
nel periodo 2007-2009 e nel primo bimestre del 2010
XLIX Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare (SIPA) : 29-30 Aprile 2010 Forlì : atti /
Parma : La Ducale, 2010. - p 217-224. - 8 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4529]
Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (49 : Forli' : 29-30 Aprile 2010)
Sono stati caratterizzati (mediante RT-PCR e/o sequenziamento) 368 ceppi di virus della bronchite
infettiva aviare (IBV) rilevati in italia nel triennio 2007-2009 e 40 ceppi di IBV rilevati nei primi due
mesi del 2010. Nel corso del periodo considerato e, in particolare, all’inizio del 2010 la circolazione
dei differenti genotipi di IBV sembra essersi diversifi cata. La prevalenza del ceppo 793B sembra
infatti in diminuzione, mentre la circolazione dei genotipi QX e IT-02 appare in aumento. Si segnala
inoltre la recente ricomparsa, sia pure in forma sporadica, dei genotipi D274 e B1648.
A molecular survey of IBV strains detected in Italy during the period 2007-2009 (and during the first
two months of 2010) was performed. Serotype 793B is still the most prevalent IBV strain affected the
italian poultry industry. However, an increase of the prevalence of QX strain and IT-02 strain was
observed, especially during the beginning of this year. In addition, other IBV strains (D274 and
B1648) reappeared in Italy.
Tranquillo° V, Gaffuri° A, Testa° E, Paterlini° F
Sieroprevalenza della Coxiella burnetii in ovicaprini della provincia di Bergamo
Large Anim Rev. - Vol. 16 suppl al no 5 ( 2010). - p 110. - 4 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4709]
Congresso Nazionale SIPAOC (19 : Pesaro - Rimini : 22/25 Settembre 2010)
Vanni M, Merenda° M, Barigazzi° G, Soldani G, Intor re L
Valutazione dell'antibiotico-resistenza di patogeni respiratori dei suini isolati in Italia nel 2009
= Evaluation of antimicrobial resistance of swine respiratory pathogens isolated in Italy in 2009
Atti Soc Ital Sci Vet. - Vol. 64 ( 2010). - p 216-218. - 10 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4616]
Convegno Nazionale della Societa' Italiana delle Scienze Veterinarie (SISVET) (64. : Asti : 7-10
Settembre 2010)
The susceptibility to 18 antimicrobial agents was determined in four respiratory pathogen bacteria
(Actinobacillus pleuropeumoniae, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Pasteurella multocida and
Streptococcus suis) isolated in swine in 2009, Resistance to antimicrobials normally showing good.
activity, such as amphenicols, fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins, resulted relatively low.
However, the study highlighted the occurrence of resistance towards therapeutic antimicrobials,
such as penicillin G, tetracycline and cotrimoxazole. The emergence of A. pleuropneumaniae, B.
bronchiseptica, P. multocida and S. suis strains resistant to currently available drugs underlines the
importance of encouraging the prudent use of antimicrobials in swine respiratory infections
treatment.
Verin B, Edwards J, Babu A, Grazioli° S, Brocchi° E, Paton DJ, Benigno C,
Sumption K, Parida S
Detection of FMDV in carrier buffalo in South East Asia
FMD Week 2010 : Open Session of the Standing Technical Comitee of the EuFMD Commission :
New tools and challenges for progressive control : 27 September - 1 October 2010 Vienna, Austria
: Book of abstracts / Rome : FAO, 2010. - p 125 [Nr. Estr. 4737]
FMD Week 2010 : Vienna, Austria : 27 September - 1 October 2010)
Introduction. In ruminants, persistent infection (carrier state) can be established following recovery of
FMDV infection irrespective of vaccination status. The only direct evidence of transmission of virus
from a carrier to susceptible animals is that of transmission from African buffalo to cattie in two
outbreaks in Zimbabwe in 1989 and 1991. However, in contrast to the carrier state in African buffalo
(Syncerus caffer); very little information is available on the South East Asian (SEA) swamp buffalo
as a potential reservoir of FMDV. Therefore cero-surveillance has been carried out in Lao PDR and
Myanmar to assess the prevalence of FMDV carriers in Asian swamp buffalos and to validate NSP
and mucosa) (I9A) tests that could detect carrier animals in buffalo. Materíals and Methods.. The
study involves unvaccinated Asian swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Lao PDR and Myanmar. Four
field trips to collect information and samples have been compieted in September 2008, March/April
2009, October/November 2009 and May-lune 2010. Laboratory analysis is being conducted at the
Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright. The infection has been to carry out longitudinal studies,
sampling the same buffalo over an approximately one and half year period. Inevitably, the number of
buffalo (n=400) in the study has declined over time due to sale or death of some animals. The
samples collected were clotted blood for serology, probang samples for virological tests and saliva
samples for IgA tests. In addition, 620 sera were received from Brescia, Italy, collected from Italian
buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) that had been neither vaccinated nor exposed to FMDV. These vere used
to evacuate the specificity of the NSP serology. Results and Discussioni 5o far, NSP 3ABC serology
using 3 commercial and one in-house test have been conducted on ali sera collected from the first
three field studies, as well as on the Italian sera from FMD naive buffalo. Virus isolation has been
carried out on the first three sets of probang samples. Tests for anti-FMDV I9A against O and A
serotypes have been conducted on ali saliva collected from the first 3 studies. Serotype¬specific
tests for serotypes O, A and Asia 1 are in progress. Serotype A and O viruses were isolated in cell
culture from probang samples collected from Lao PDR and Myanmar respectively though the
samples were collected after the O serotype outbreaks. They are being sequenced for capsid genes.
The detail data will be presented at the open session..
Zanoni° MG, Gradassi° M, Moreno° MA, Catella° A, Sa logni° C, Sozzi° E, Foni° E,
Cordioli° P, Alborali° L
Descrizione di un episodio di influenza da virus pandemico (A/H1N1) in un allevamento suino
del Nord Italia = Pandemic influenza virus (A/H1N1) outbreak in pig farm in North of Italy
Atti Convegno SIPAS. - Vol. 36 ( 2010). - p 145-151. - 19 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4352]
Meeting Annuale della Societa' Italiana di Patologia ed Allevamento dei Suini (SIPAS) (36 :
Montichiari (BS) : 25-26 Marzo 2010)
virus dell’infl uenza suina (SIV) e causa di patologia respiratoria acuta ed e un importante patogeno
che concorre all’eziologia del complesso respiratorio del suino (PRDC). Questo lavoro descrive il
primo episodio di infezione da virus infl uenzale tipo A H1N1 ceppo pandemico in un allevamento di
riproduttori. Le manifestazioni cliniche erano grave prostrazione ed agalassia soprattutto in scrofe
che avevano partorito da 3-7 giorni. Le nidiate si presentavano disomogenee e i suinetti apparivano
dimagriti e disidratati. Il danno che ha coinvolto anche le intere nidiate delle scrofe colpite e stato
quantifi cato in aumento delle perdite in sala parto e un a riduzione delle performance delle scrofe in
termini di aumento di mortalita e riduzione della fertilita.
The swine influenza virus (SIV) frequently causes acute respiratory disease in pigs worldwide and is
an important pathogen in the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). The fi rst H1N1
pandemic outbreak in sow farm in Italy is described in this paper. The main clinical signs were
depression and agalactia in sows during the fi rst week after farrowing. Different weights were
observed in litters and piglets showed wasting and dehydration. The loss interested litters and were
quantifi ed in increased mortality in farrowing units, performance reduction in sows consisting in
enhanced mortality and fertility rate reduction.
