TEXT 2 -CORREZIONE COMPITO A CASA Tradurre Text 2 Elencare

15/12/2016
TEXT 2 - CORREZIONE
047SL – Traduzione inglese 3
COMPITO A CASA
Tradurre Text 2
 Elencare tutti gli strumenti utilizzati per farlo
 Individuare i “punti critici” (max. 3)

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15/12/2016
STRUMENTI
Dizionario sinonimi e contrari
 Dizionari vari, anche combinatorio
 Treccani
 Google
 Google per collocazioni, NHS, Academy of
Medical Royal Colleges
 Wikipedia per sapere se riferirsi al presidente
dell’Academy come uomo o donna

PUNTI CRITICI
“Fat man of Europe” / Personificazione
 Titolo / “È stato difficile tradurre il titolo inglese
in un titolo italiano che fosse non troppo lungo,
meno offensivo possibile tuttavia che rispettasse
il senso originale e che rimanesse interessante”
 Report
 NHS: come rendo nomi istituzioni e acronimi?
 Watershed e fasce protette in paesi diversi
 Trovare una soluzione traduttiva che non risulti
forzata per il lettore italiano (obesity epidemic,
health survey, people working in the medical
profession, obesity crisis, reducing the proximity)

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PUNTI CRITICI
Davanti a nomi di istituzioni, abbiamo optato per
una traduzione di quelle non comprensibili tra
cultura di partenza e quella di arrivo ("NHS
Sistema Sanitario Nazionale inglese") mentre
abbiamo scelto di lasciare in inglese "Academy of
Medical Royal Colleges" perché ci sembrava
comprensibile anche da un lettore italiano
 Abbiamo deciso di tradurre le frazioni in
percentuali per rendere il testo più fluido in
italiano. ("[...] a quarter of men and women, and
one in five 10-11 year olds" "[...] 25% tra gli
adulti e del 20% tra i ragazzi […]")

PUNTI CRITICI

Consecutio temporum (most people working in
the medical profession knew that smoking
presented a significant risk to public health, but
little was being done about it)
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TEXT 2: ‘FIZZY DRINK TAX’ TO STOP UK
BEING ‘FAT MAN OF EUROPA’
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges has published a report containing 10
recommendations designed to tackle the UK’s obesity epidemic – a story covered
by most of the UK media. The latest health survey data suggests the UK is the ‘fat
man of Europe’, with a quarter of men and women, and one in five 10-11 year olds
being obese. In a compelling analogy, the report likens the current situation of
obesity to that of smoking during the 1970s.
During the 1970s, most people working in the medical profession knew that
smoking presented a significant risk to public health, but little was being done
about it. The report argues that a similar situation now exists regarding the
health risks associated with obesity – which is estimated to cost the NHS £5.1
billion a year. The views of thousands of practicing doctors in the UK were sought
by the report's authors on how best to tackle the obesity crisis.
The report presents 10 key recommendations on new ways to address the growing
public health problem of obesity, including:
- banning junk food advertising before the 9pm watershed
- reducing the proximity of fast food outlets to schools, colleges and other places
were young people gather
- a one-year trial of a 20% tax on sugary drinks, to see what effect this could have
As the chair of the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges says, ‘This report does not
pretend to have all the answers. But it does say we need together to do more,
starting right now, before the problem becomes worse and the NHS can no longer
cope.’
TEXT 2
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges has
published a report containing 10 recommendations
designed to tackle the UK’s obesity epidemic – a
story covered by most of the UK media.
4
15/12/2016
TEXT 2
“Fizzy drink tax” to stop UK being “fat man of
Europe”
Titolo di giornale!
Reah, D. (2002). The Language of newspapers.
London: Routledge

HEADLINES AS TEXT TYPES
Unique type of text
 ephemeral
 multi-targeted
 not necessarily independent
Restrictions (space, font size, …)
Not written by reporter !
Encapsulates story (gives overall picture)
Attracts reader to paper
↓
Can be ambiguous & confusing
Accompanying story/picture often needed
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HEADLINES AS TEXT TYPES
Strictly stylized pattern
No function words & heavy use of modification
↓
elision or ellipsis*
↓
does not affect meaning
↓
! economy ! (and ambiguity)
HEADLINES AS TEXT TYPES
elision or ellipsis*
↓
 determiners (like adjectives):
 articles
 demonstratives
auxiliaries
↓
(Lexical) ambiguity (many lexical words depend on
grammatical words to establish which word class
they belong to). E.g.:

MINE EXPLODED
 THREE BATTERED IN FISH SHOP

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HOMEWORK! (TEXT 5)
MINE EXPLODED
 8TH ARMY PUSH BOTTLES UP GERMANS
 THREE BATTERED IN FISH SHOP
 POLICE FIND CONSTABLE DRAWING IN ATTIC

Riflettere sui 4 titoli, tentare di tradurli e
enucleare le strategie testuali utilizzate per
produrli = individuare il tipo di ambiguità sfruttata
e ragionare sul se e sul come è possibile renderla in
italiano. Lavorare in gruppi. Deadline: 5/12 h 9.00
HEADLINES AS TEXT TYPES
MINE EXPLODED
 8TH ARMY PUSH + BOTTLES UP GERMANS
 THREE BATTERED IN FISH SHOP
 POLICE FIND CONSTABLE DRAWING IN ATTIC

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HEADLINES AS TEXT TYPES
A MINE EXPLODED
 8TH ARMY ADVANCE + TRAPS GERMANS
 THREE PEOPLE WERE BATTERED IN A FISH
SHOP

POLICE FIND A DRAWING BY CONSTABLE IN
THE ATTIC
! POLICE FIND CONSTABLE WHO IS DRAWING
IN THE ATTIC
British artist!

HEADLINES AS TEXT TYPES
Il titolo è l’essenza della notizia
Stile distintivo
 Attira l’attenzione con poche parole
 Ha leggibilità autonoma
 “Biglietto da visita” del quotidiano
 Parte testuale che attire attenzione


Gualdo, R. (2007). L’italiano dei giornali. Roma:
Carocci.
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HEADLINES AS TEXT TYPES
Il titolo è l’essenza della notizia
 Stile distintivo
 Attira l’attenzione con poche parole
 Ha leggibilità autonoma
 “Biglietto da visita” del quotidiano
 Parte testuale che attire attenzione
 Scelto da redazione (vs. autore)

Gualdo, R. (2007). L’italiano dei giornali. Roma:
Carocci.
HEADLINES AS TEXT TYPES
Esigenze di brevità e di spazio > tecniche di
riduzione della frase, e.g.:
Eliminazione di articoli e ausiliari > stile
brachilogico (abbreviato): “Modello Merkel
tentazione da evitare”
 Tematizzazione e messa in rilievo: “Prodi incalza
i lavoratori autonomi”
 Frasi passive: “Blitz a Torino, espulso l’imam”

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HEADLINES AS TEXT TYPES
PUNTEGGIATURA
→ Le virgolette: introducono discorsi diretti,
vengono utilizzate per rendere la lingua più vivace
e trascinare il lettore nella lettura
→ I due punti: vengono usati frequentemente,
indicano che ciò che segue chiarisce e approfondisce
quanto è stato detto prima
(ANCHE INSIEME)
HEADLINES AS TEXT TYPES
SINTASSI
→ sintesi
→ sottinteso il verbo principale
→ largo uso dei sostantivi.
→ omesse le forme del verbo "essere“
E.g.
Rapina violenta, (sono stati) presi tre pugili
professionisti
Trasporti, servizi sociali, sanità, il welfare italiano
(è) al capolinea
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TEXT 2
“Fizzy drink tax” to stop UK being “fat man of
Europe”
Una tassa per salvare il Regno Unito dall’obesità
Tassa sulle bevande gassate: Regno Unito mai
più ciccione d’Europa
 Regno Unito “il grassone d’Europa” tassa le
bevande gassate
 Il Regno Unito è troppo grasso: tassa sulle bibite
gassate


TEXT 2
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges
Bene una traduzione diretta (calco) ma: “…” o
corsivo
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15/12/2016
TEXT 2
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges
La Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, l’organo
coordinatore delle facoltà di medicina nel
Regno Unito, …
TA che non si pone come un originale (“overt
translation” o traduzione palese, cfr. J. House)
Approccio addomesticante
Tecnica dell’esplicitazione attraverso aggiunta
TEXT 2
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges has
published
a
report
containing
10
recommendations designed to tackle the UK’s
obesity epidemic – a story covered by most of the
UK media.
Relazione (resoconto, documento)
articolo
rapporto
studio
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15/12/2016
TEXT 2
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges has published a report containing 10
recommendations designed to tackle the UK’s obesity epidemic – a story covered
by most of the UK media. The latest health survey data suggests the UK is the ‘fat
man of Europe’, with a quarter of men and women, and one in five 10-11 year olds
being obese. In a compelling analogy, the report likens the current situation of
obesity to that of smoking during the 1970s.
During the 1970s, most people working in the medical profession knew that
smoking presented a significant risk to public health, but little was being done
about it. The report argues that a similar situation now exists regarding the
health risks associated with obesity – which is estimated to cost the NHS £5.1
billion a year. The views of thousands of practicing doctors in the UK were sought
by the report's authors on how best to tackle the obesity crisis.
The report presents 10 key recommendations on new ways to address the
growing public health problem of obesity, including:
- banning junk food advertising before the 9pm watershed
- reducing the proximity of fast food outlets to schools, colleges and other places
were young people gather
- a one-year trial of a 20% tax on sugary drinks, to see what effect this could have
As the chair of the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges says, ‘This report does not
pretend to have all the answers. But it does say we need together to do more,
starting right now, before the problem becomes worse and the NHS can no longer
cope.’
TEXT 2
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges has
published
a
report
containing
10
recommendations designed to tackle the UK’s
obesity epidemic – a story covered by most of the
UK media.
EN -ing form > IT relativa
(cf. tendenze o naturali predisposizioni delle lingue,
che sono diverse!)
NO “contenente”!
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15/12/2016
TEXT 2
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges has
published a report containing 10 recommendations
designed to tackle the UK’s obesity epidemic – a
story covered by most of the UK media.
affrontare/fronteggiare
contrastare
TEXT 2
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges has
published a report containing 10 recommendations
designed to tackle the UK’s obesity epidemic – a
story covered by most of the UK media.
“story” vs. “storia”
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15/12/2016
TEXT 2
[The latest health survey data] suggests the UK
is the ‘fat man of Europe’, with a quarter of men
and women, and one in five 10-11 year olds being
obese.
I dati dell’ultima indagine sulla salute
I dati emersi dall’ultima indaginesulla salute
Secondo le statistiche più recenti sulla salute
Secondo i dati dell’ultima indagine sulla salute

TEXT 2
The latest health survey data suggests the UK is
the ‘fat man of Europe’, with a quarter of men
and women, and one in five 10-11 year olds being
obese.
Personificazione
Il grassone d’Europa
Il ciccione d’Europa
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15/12/2016
TEXT 2
The latest health survey data suggests the UK is
the ‘fat man of Europe’, with a quarter of men and
women, and one in five 10-11 year olds being obese.
: soffre di obesità …
, in quanto …
. L’obesità infatti colpisce…
con
TEXT 2
The latest health survey data suggests the UK is
the ‘fat man of Europe’, with a quarter of men and
women, and one in five 10-11 year olds being
obese.
… e un bambino di 10-11 anni su cinque >> un
bambino di età tra i 10 e gli 11 anni su cinque…
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15/12/2016
TEXT 2
In a compelling analogy, the report likens the
current situation of obesity to that of smoking
during the 1970s. During the 1970s, most people
working in the medical profession knew that
smoking presented a significant risk to public
health, but little was being done about it.
Dizionario?
TEXT 2
In a compelling analogy, the report likens the
current situation of obesity to that of smoking
during the 1970s. During the 1970s, most
people working in the medical profession knew that
smoking presented a significant risk to public
health, but little was being done about it.
17
15/12/2016
TEXT 2
In a compelling analogy, the report likens the
current situation of obesity to that of smoking
during the 1970s. During the 1970s, most people
working in the medical profession knew that
smoking presented a significant risk to public
health, but little was being done about it.
… la maggior parte dei medici…
TEXT 2
In a compelling analogy, the report likens the
current situation of obesity to that of smoking
during the 1970s. During the 1970s, most people
working in the medical profession knew that
smoking presented a significant risk to public
health, but little was being done about it.
2 problemi:
Grammatica italiana
 Tempo e aspetto del verbo inglese!

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15/12/2016
TEXT 2
…knew that smoking presented a significant risk
to public health, but little was being done about
it.

Grammatica italiana
“knew”: essere consapevole rientra nella sfera
semantica del sapere, come so che, mi rendo conto
che, verbi tutti che richiedono l’indicativo
TEXT 2
…knew that smoking presented a significant risk
to public health, but little was being done about
it.

Tempo e aspetto del verbo inglese
Tense: Past
Aspect: Continuous
Voice: Passive
Cf. M. Lewis, The English Verb, Longman.
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15/12/2016
IL VERBO INGLESE / IL TEMPO
Categoria grammaticale
In inglese: 2 tempi verbali!
Tense vs. time
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15/12/2016
IL VERBO INGLESE / L’ASPETTO
Tense: Past
Aspect: Continuous
Voice: Passive
“gives the speaker’s temporal interpretation of the
event” = “psychological time” vs. “real time”
PERCEZIONE
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15/12/2016
IL VERBO INGLESE / LA DIATESI
Dipende dal ruolo dell’agente
TEXT 2
In a compelling analogy, the report likens the
current situation of obesity to that of smoking
during the 1970s. During the 1970s, most people
working in the medical profession knew that
smoking presented a significant risk to public
health, but little was being done about it.
… sapevano che rappresentava… ma si faceva poco
al riguardo
2 problemi:
 Grammatica italiana
 Tempo e aspetto del verbo inglese
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15/12/2016
TEXT 2
The report argues that a similar situation now
exists regarding the health risks associated with
obesity – which is estimated to cost the NHS £5.1
billion a year.
TEXT 2
The report argues that a similar situation now
exists regarding the health risks associated with
obesity – which is estimated to cost the NHS £5.1
billion a year.
…per l’NHS (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale)
… 5.1
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15/12/2016
TEXT 2
The views of thousands of practicing doctors in the
UK were sought by the report's authors on how
best to tackle the obesity crisis.
Il problema
L’emergenza
La questione
TEXT 2
The report presents 10 key recommendations on new
ways to address [the growing public health problem
of obesity], including:
… questo crescente problema per la salute pubblica
… il crescent problema sanitario-pubblico dell’obesità
24
15/12/2016
TEXT 2
The report presents 10 key recommendations on new
ways to address [the growing public health problem
of obesity], including:
… questo crescente problema per la salute pubblica
… il crescent problema sanitario-pubblico dell’obesità
TEXT 2
- banning junk food …
- reducing …
- a one-year trial of a 20% tax …
ELENCO COERENTE
- Verbo (e.g. vietare…)
- Verbo (e.g. ridurre…)
- Verbo (e.g. introdurre…)
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15/12/2016
TEXT 2
As the chair of the Academy of Medical Royal
Colleges says, ‘This report does not pretend to have
all the answers. But it does say we need together to
do more, starting right now, before the problem
becomes worse and the NHS can no longer cope.’
26
15/12/2016
HOMEWORK
Non solo lingua
SUL TRADURRE
Tra tutte le difficoltà e tutti gli aspetti da tenere in
considerazione “il linguaggio è forse il meno
importante” (Lefevre 1992: XIV)
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15/12/2016
TEXT 6 - THE CATHERINE TATE SHOW
The tired mum
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kd2PVxloKsE

TASKS
Guardare il filmato
 Dividere il foglio in tre colonne
 Colonna 1: Trascrivere il testo in inglese
 Colonna 2: Tradurre in italiano
 Colonna 3: Spiegare il problema posto dal TP e la
soluzione usata per risolverlo

28
15/12/2016
HOMEWORK! (TEXT 5)
MINE EXPLODED
 8TH ARMY PUSH BOTTLES UP GERMANS
 THREE BATTERED IN FISH SHOP
 POLICE FIND CONSTABLE DRAWING IN ATTIC

Riflettere sui 4 titoli, tentare di tradurli e
enucleare le strategie testuali utilizzate per
produrli = individuare il tipo di ambiguità sfruttata
e ragionare sul se e sul come è possibile renderla in
italiano. Lavorare in gruppi. Deadline: 5/12 h 9.00
29