Materiale 4

g Think grammar
Say it!
Modal verb con: ability
4 E Look back at the dialogue and underline
two examples of con in the following:
A
B
An affirmative sentence
A negative sentence
A question
A short answer
b
Complete the rule.
We use these expressions to describe our level
of ability:
(not) very well, a bit, quite well, very/really well
Practice
do use eta/ swim play sing
the guitar?
it a bit.
Ben's only five, but he's not afraid of water and
very well.
sister
really well. She's in
vour
ruow
tell the class about your partner.
il Look at the activities in exercise 6 again
and think of:
> 4 things you are good at
> 3 things you not very good at
> 2 things you are hopeless at
srandad
What instruments
6
We
_
tn pairs. Ask and answer about the
activities. Use the language in the box below.
A
B
Are you good at drawing?
Yes, I am. l'm brilliant at drawing. / No, l'm not.
at quite/very/really
(not) very good at hopeless at
brilliant
at
great
good at
a
a
computer? No, he
5
your friends
our homework. lt's very
difficult.
Abilities
Match the abilities (1-10)
to the pictures (A-J).
1 E play chess
2 _ play the piano
3 _ juggle
4 _ draw
_
_
_
_
10 _
b
l'm not very good at drawing.
Can 'you p/av
Y.rJ
,orTF
,-.-.r...7-
My
band.
5
6
7
8
9
A
No, I can't, but I can play the guitar quite well.
What about you?
I can't play any instruments.
b
Complete the sentences with con or con't
and a verb from the box.
6
Can you play the piano?
Marta can play the guitar quite well. She can ...
con / con't +
1
E ln pairs, ask and answer about your
abilities. Use the pictures in exercise 6
and the expressions well, very well, etc.
cook
designawebsite
speak Spanish
dance salsa
rideascooter
ski
$?
Til
g Think grammar
What are they Iike?
7
be like vs look like
4
Look at the dialogue and write the two
questions that Emma asks about Matteo.
Emma
Daisy
_-*__ _-
-?
long average shy slim tall
blue gorgeeus brown curly serious
...he's nice and funny... (Personality)
Emma
Daisy
... he's
--
?
tall and really good-looking.
b @-zol Listen and check.
(Appearance)
-.
She's an actress and ex-model from
Cleveland, Ohio, in the USA. She's really
Practice
5 Match the questions
(1-6) to the answers (a-0.
aoraeous . Her date of birth
and slim. She's got
What's Daniel like?
What do her brothers look like?
4
What are Mr and Mrs Bell like?
5_
6 __
What does Emily look like?
What are your parents like?
a He isn't very friendly,
1
is
2=__
___.._._ eyes and,
14th August 1968. She's quite
t d- what does lim look like?
2 __
3 __
ts Read the three descriptions of the
famous people and complete them with the
adjectives from the box. Use the photos to
help you.
3
in this photo, quite short, dark brown hair.
She's ambitious and interesting. Her famous
films include The X Men, Cotwomon and the
James Bond film, Dle Another Doy.
but his wife
is.
b
They're just normal, I suppose!
He's a very famous ltalian motorcyclist.
c
5he's got long, brown hair and big, brown eyes.
She's very pretty.
His date of birth is 1 6th February 1979.
d
He's quite tall and he's got curly, blonde hair.
e
Well, he's really nice and very funny.
They're tall and they've all got black hair.
f
4..,_.____
height with
brown hair. He is very
on the track, but offthe
track he is funny and friendly to his fans.
He's called 'The Doctor' as a sign of respect.
He's of
s
__._.____..--._._._---,
Personality
Complete the sentences with the adjectives
in the box.
clever funny kind nice/friendly
boring interesting serious shy
Mark doesn't talk to anyone at parties. He's
verv
shv
2 Sally is good at Maths. She's very
3 Ben is
very
--..
He never smiles.
nothing happens.
_
jane
and helpful.
is very
5
6 I like this book. The story is very
7 Tim's got a good sense of humour. His jokes
-.
4 This film is so
make me laugh. He's very _._
Helen has got lots of friends. 5he's very
-
-
Her date of birth is 20th June 1967 and
she's got dual American and Australian
citizenship. She's an actress, but she's also
very good at singing. She's very tall, very
and very attractive. 5he's
got light 8
eyes. She often
changes her hairstyle, but in this photo
blonde hair. She's
she's
Her famous
kind and quite
films include: Moulin Rouge,The Hours and
_
got'_*-,
10--__--.
Cold Mountain.
Say it!
8 o Think of a famous
person and describe
him/her. lnclude this information:
r nationality, age and job
) appearance and personality
> what he/she
is famous for
b ln groups. Read your descriptions. The
other students guess who it is.
My famous person is ltalian. He's...
2
Modal verb con
1
My friends are quite funny.
5i possono usare questi raffozativianche prima di
un aggettivo per descrivere qualcosa o qualcuno.
took at the table and then complete the
rules (2-4) below.
4
l/You/We/You/They can dance.
write sentences about the leve! of your
ability in these things.
1
He/She/lt can dance.
dance: I can dance rea//v we/|.
UYou/We/You/They cannoUcan't dance
2 speak English:
3 play tennis:
He/5he/lt cannot/can't dance.
4 ski:
5 ride a bike:
6 swim:
Adjective + of + noun or verb
5i
Write these adjectives in the correct place
in the table: brilliant, hopeless, good.
Yes, l/you/we/they/he/she/it can.
No, Uyou/we/they/he/she/it can't.
Con si usa per parlare di abiliti e capacitir.
verbo modale quindi:
1
E
un
We can speak English.
E
seguito dalla forma base del verbo (senza to).
2
Lucia can play the guitar.
Alla terza persona singolare (helshelit) non si
aggiunge
3
Rob can't come.
La
si usano gli
Write five sentences about things you can
and can't do. Then write five sentences
about what someone in your family can and
can't do. (Think about: sports, languages,
instruments, technology, hobbies, jobs in
the home.)
(not) very, quita, very, really
welli a blt
1
i quite I very lreally
+ well
Lucia can play the guitar very well.
Si possono usare questi rafforzativi prima
dell'avverbio well per precisare il livello di
abiliti.
Queste espressioni awerbiali vengono sempre
poste
della frase. Anche o bit
(= un po') si usa a questo scopo.
alla
playing the
piano.
at
Maths.
at
singing.
aggettivo + ot + sostantivo
aggettivo + of + verbo in
6 O Read Daisy's school report and write
five more sentences about her ability in
each subject.
Name:
English
French
Daisy/ones
Class:1DJ
Science
1000/o Maths
Geography l0olo History
+
Look at the words in the box and complete
the rule.
(not) very
(quite/veryireallyl at
pretty)'_
Rosie's not very good
They're 3
chess.
brava una persona a fare qualcosa.
ausiliari do e does.
3
l'm
at
Si usano questi aggettivi per esprimere quanto d
Can you play the guitar?
interrogativa
great / '_
fantastic
b now complete the rute.
forma negativa si forma aggiungendo
Nella forma
/
She's
1
35o/o
55o/o
Daisyb brilliant at speakiry French.
b wow write sentences about your ability in
five school subjects.
1 I m rery yood at Physks.
be like vs look like
grammar
in context E
Match the exampless (l-3) to the functions
(a-c). Then translate the questions.
1
_
'How is
_
'What are your teachers like?'
'They're nice.'
_
'What does he look like?'
'He's tall and good-looking.'
she?'
O For a Media Studies project, Daisy
writes about her favourite celebrities,
the Osbournes. Read her description and for
questions 2-8, choose A, B or C.
'Fine, thanks.'
Ozzy 0sboume is famous as the lead singer with the
heavy metal group 8/ackSabbath. He comes from
Birmingham in the UK and his real name is John.
a asking about appearance
b asking about health
c
Now he lives in the USA and he is famous also as
personality because of the popular MTV show
'The Osbournes'. ln the show, we see the dayto-day life of the Osbourne family: Ozzy, his wife
Sharon and their two children, Kelly and Jack. I like
them a lot - you can see they are real people.
a TV
asking about personality
Translate the sentences into English.
1
Che aspetto hanno i tuoi amici?
2
Come sono questi CD?
3
Come state?
Sharon Osbourne is also Ozzy's manager and
she is now a celebrity too. She often appears on
TV quizzes and reality shows. She is a strong,
independent woman.
It's easy to recognise their photos in magazines
Ozzy's appearance is unique! He's got long,
straight, black hair and he always wears
sunglasses. Sharon's got short, wavy, hair and
she's very attractive.
-
4
Che aspetto hai?
5
Com'd la sorella diScott?
Why does Sharon love Ozzy after all these years?
She says:'He makes me laugh, and he's honest.'
Adjective order
Read the examples and complete the rules.
Ozzy Osbourne is American.
A Right @ Wrong C Doesn't say
Quando si descrive l'aspetto fisico di una persona
gli aggettivi seguono un ordine preciso:
1
He's a handsome man.
generale:
)
aggettivo qualificativo) ;
2_
'_
Ozzy can sing very well.
A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
Ozzy is only famous in the UK.
(sostantivo,
A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
He is famous for two reasons.
2 She's a tall, slim girl.
generale:
3
3_
4_
(corporatura, alteual;
Sharon is hopeless at business.
A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
He's got short, curly, brown hair.
s_
>
capelli:
lunghezza, tipo).
10
>
A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
o_
)
'_
6 Daisy says Sharon is a horrible person
(colore,
in real
life.
A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
7
Put the words in the correct order to make
sentences.
1 wavy she hair long
has
blonde
Ozzy's appearance is unusual.
A Right B Wrong C Doesn't say
8 Sharon loves her husband
got
because he's funny
and tells the truth.
2 handsome
3 tall
a
plump
woman
A Right B Wrong
a is man he short
have straight
5 short isn't hair and curly
Kieran's
Doesn't say
b ln pairs. Ask and answer about Ozy and
Sharon's appearance and personality.
is slim Juliet gorgeous
4 hair got you shoulder-length
C
?
A What does Ozzy look like? / What's he like?
B He's...
Physical description
t G,
Listen and repeat the descriptions
HEIGHT
tall
of average height
tall
short
rcl (&*
E
l-Dl
ffiry
--
. 1'
r- *'.
\ -,i'
'
BUILD athletic/muscular
of average build
plump/overweight
slim/thin
tr
\1
t---T;ra--l
_/
isreylEir-l
g€{
tr
\
6}-63
S-#
2t
Match the adjectives (1-8) to their ttalian
translations (a-h).
1 r
2
3_
4
gorgeous
a canna, grazrosa
sood-lookinp
attractive
b bellissimo/a
c bello
orettv kapazzal
d poco attraente
beautiful
e splendido/a
handsome (uomo)
t
unattractive
o
D bruttoia
h attraente
5
6
7
8
_
*
_
b
Gilz Listen and check. Listen and repeat.
ugly
belloia
Adjective order
E Study the rules.
1
2
3
generale: aggettivo qualificativo + sostantivo
She's a beautiful woman.
generale: altezza + corporatura
He's tall and slim.
capelli: lunghezza + tipo + colore
She's got long, wavy, red hair.
Nota: ln inglese hair (= i capelli) d un
sostantivo non numerabile.
Her hair is dark brown.
dark = scuro; light = chiaro
b tn pairs. Ask and answer about you and
your family.
A What do you look like?
B l'm talland slim. l've got brown eyes...
A What does your dad look like?
B He's talland...
?'T
d^g
&ffi
€gr
*ffrs
Musical instruments
1
a
match the names of the instruments to the pictures (1-16).
clarinet
accordion
acoustic guitar - double bass
_
-_ bass guitar - drums
cello
- electric guitar
-b
Listen and check. Listen and repeat.
12
flute
keyboard
mlxer
Copy the table and write the instruments in
the correct column.
3
saxophone
trombone
trumpet
violin
Piano
-
@@
2
_
_
_
ln pairs. Ask and answer aE'out the
instruments.
A
B
"/
Can you play the saxo6hone?
No; I can't. / Yes, I trn1 I can play it really well.
Language Practice
Grammar
8
Modal verb con
6 Scrivi frasi su cio che ciascun personaggio
Laura e Jacob cercano lavoro in una stazione
sciistica. Completa i! colloquio con la forma
corretta di con e un verbo adatto.
I Can vou
Man
famoso sa fare e non sa fare.
6d
Laura
Yes, I
soeak
(vou) German?
it a bit, but
2
lacob
3
OK. Now, cooking is important.
(you) good healthy
Man
meals?
1
Elton John / speak Chinese / play the piano.
Oh, yes. We
Man
Good. The only transport here is
(you)
scooters. 6
Laura
Oh, nol
E/ton lo/rn can't speak Cltinese, but /te can
o/av the oiano.
,
@)
).-,,'':-----,{w'y
\-/ \r
2 Monica
s
Jacob
really well.
scooters?
I
But lacob
oo
a scooter
7
8
a
motorbike.
o
Great! Now, what about skiing?
(you both)?
o
o
Bellucci / speak French and English /
juggle eight balls
Jacob
Well, llo
1l
.
, but Laura
She doesn't like
snow!
Man
ln that case, you
the jobl
12
Adjective + ot + noun or verb
Pffi d-
3
.lustin Timberlake / sing / play the guitar
Completa le frasi indicando quanto sono
bravi o no a fare queste cose. Usa gli
aggettivi del riquadro.
brilliant
1
(very/really) good
Madonna's bri/rtant at dancin
hopeless
(dance).
2 Cats are
(ride)
3 Valentino Rossi is
a motorbike.
4 Artists are usually
5 Most people aren't
(draw)
(juggle).
6 Italians are generally
(understand) Spanish.
be like vs look like
Donatella Versace / play professional football /
design clothes
(not) very, quite, very, reolly + well;
o bit
Scrivi cinque frasi che sono vere per te. Usa
le parole del riquadro e i rafforzativi con weII.
play the
Helen? She's quite serious.
My brothers are very different. Pat's tall and
dark, but Nlck's short with blonde hair.
My dad's shy, but my mum's very friendly.
Carol's got long, curly hair.
guitar/piano play chess juggle
draw sing
1
10 Scrivi domande adatte alle risposte.
t whatb Helen /*e?
speak English/French
/ can't p/ay t/re piano rery we//.
l'm fine, thank you
I
think l'm kind and funny
4.6
Le preposizioni e !e espressioni di tempo
Le preposizioni di tempo piir usate in inglese sono i...€
in
at
on
#
"
infi
Osserva la tabella.
con le parti del giorno
in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening
ATTENZIONE: at night (di notte) in the night (nel cuore della notte)
con r mesr
in January, in March, in October
con le stagioni
in (the) summer, in (the) winter, in (the) autumn, in (the) spring
con gli anni, isecoli, i periodi storici
in
con
night
1966, in the 18th century, in the Middle Ages
ot night
con lbra
at 4 p.m., at half past two
con i pasti
ot breokfast (time), at lunch-time, at dinner
con momenti precisi
at the weekend, at dawn, at the beginning / the end of the year
ATTENZION E i on the weekend (USA\
con i periodi difestivitir
at Christmos, at Easter
(si intende tutto il periodo delle feste di Natale / Pasqua)
con l'eti
at thirty (a trent'anni)
con igiorni
on Friday(s), on Monday ofternoon
ATTENZIONE: in the afternoon / on Mondoy afternoon
con i giorni festivi
on my birthday, on Christmas Day (si intende solo il giorno di Natale)
con le date
on Moy 4th
}IOTA (HE
1 At, in e on si omettono davanti alle espressioni che iniziano
We aren't on holiday these days.
lacob
goes
to the stadium every
Sunday.
con this I these,last, next, each ed every.
Non siamo in vacanza in questi giorni.
|acob va allo stadio tutte le domeniche.
2 In e on si omettono
davanti a: today (oggi), tonigfit (stasera), yesterday (ieri), the day before yesterilay
(l'altro ieri), tomorrow (domani), the day after tomorrow (dopodomani).
I don't want
to go to the theatre
tonight.
Today it's very cool.
3
la data (o il giorno della settimana) ha funzione di soggetto, non si usa la preposizione on. Se la data
ha funzione di complemento di tempo, d preceduta dalla preposizione on.
Se
December 25th is Christmas.
Christmas is on 25th December.
4
Non voglio andare a teatro stasera.
Oggi d molto fresco.
Il25 dicembre E Natale. (soggetto)
Natale d il25 dicembre. (complemento di tempo)
On + sostantivo significa 'hppena / immediatamente dopo".
On his arrival, David began
shouting.
Immediatamente dopo il suo arrivo, David inizid a urlare.
33wkat's
rmoney? A rnan rs a success
if ke Sets op in tke rmorninS atd,
Soes to bed, at n$kt and in between
d,oes wkat ke watts to d,o,77
Bob Dylan, American singer and musician (1941)
6A
4.6
E
ditempo
lnserisci in,ot, ondove necessario.
at
O.
7.
-
the mornino
MaY'l4th
8.
9.
_
_
_
June
tomorrow
spring
12.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
midday
lunch
1.
E
Le preposizioni e le espressioni
Completa le
0.
every Monday
dawn
13.
night
14.
Christmas
tonight
15.
the 19th century
10.
Easter Sunday
last week
16.
17.
this week
11.
7.15
18.
Sunday afternoon
8 p.m.
frasi con in,ot,on.
Cinderella loses her
shoe
at
midnight.
1. I always go to my grandparents'house for lunch
Christmas Day.
2. Helen and Grace always meet
lunch-time Fridays for a drink and a chat.
3. What time does the film start? Oh, it's _
7.30. Don,t be late!
4. We always go skiing in the Dolomites
January.
_
5. Ryan, Luke and Tony usually play football together _
the weekend.
6. _
July 4th, Kelly always has a barbecue in her garden.
7. Go to bed!The plane leaves very early _
the morning.
8. A lot of young people are involved in car accidents _
night.
EI
completa le frasi con in, ot, on dovenecessario. lnserisci una
0. Studentsaresotired
at
I
5.
6.
_
_
_
walk in the park
February 14th
is
dove la preposizione non E necessaria.
theendoftheyear!
1. Let's go to the beach _
this weekend.
2. We always go to a concert _
New Year's
3. St. Patrick's Day is
March 17th.
4.
x
Eve.
the weekend.
Valentine's Day.
July, my brother comes home from University!
7. lt is a gorgeous day _
today.
8. BluebellWood is so pretty
spring.
il
Kayla parla della sua festa di compleanno con Noah.
Completa il dialogo con in, ot, on.
NOAH
Whent your birthday?
KAYLA lt's (O)
NOAH
ir,r
June. l'm having a party.
Oh, great! I love parties
summer.
(1)_
What day is it (2)
KAYLA lt's not actually
_?
_
(3)
my birthday, but it's
Saturday the 6th.
NOAH And what time does it start (5)
KAYLA Oh, I don't know.
about 9.00 p.m.?
(4)_
(6)
NOAH Great, see you (7)_June
(8) _
9.00 p.m. then!
_?
6th,
6g
BASICSI
Gli interrogativi (2): which, whose, when,
how much/mony, how long, how often, why
awerbi
e pronomi
interrogativi sono:
= "Quale? Chi di voi/di loro...?" (fra un certo numero di cose o persone)
film do you prefer to see, X or Y?
Which of them is your brother?
film preferisci
oedere,
X o Y?
Chi di loro d tuo fratello?
= "Di cltj?"
E usato per informarsi sul possesso. Pub essere seguito immediatamente
ursostantivo, o avere una costruzione simile all'italiano.
dog is this?/Whose is this
- It's mine./It's my friend's.
?
dog?
&iiquesto
-
- E mio.[P, del mio amico.
cane?
"Quando?"
do the shops close?
nruchl many? = " Qtanto f
Quando chiudono i negozi?
i?
"
much time have we got?
tempo abbinmo?
How manybrothers and sisters have you got?
Quanti
frntellihni?
ttruchislarc d inoltre usato per chiedere ilprezzo.
much is this shirt? (o How much does this shirt cost?)
-lt's
825.
costa questa camicia?
- Cwta 25 sterline.
much are these trousers?
- They're fl40.50 'r.
- Cwtano 40 stuline e 50 (pence)
cwtano questi p antaloni?
long? = "Quanto tempo?"
long does the lesson last?
Quanto (tempd dura la lezione?
ofien? = "Con che frequenza? Quante volte?"
Eow often do you go to the hairdresser's?
du frequenza/Quante aolte aai dal parrucchiere?
- About
once a week.
- All'incirca
una oolta alla settimana.
="Petch6?"
E
usato nel fare domande, anche indirette. Nel dare spiegazioni si usa because.
isn't |im at school?
-
Because he's not well.
limnonbascuola?
-
Perchi non sta bme.
tknow why Bob is angry with me.
Non so perchi Bob
i
arrabbiato con ffie,
introdotte da interrogativi,la preposizione in genere d posta alla fine della frase.
do you come/are you from?
Di doae sei?
Peter live with?
Con chi abita Peter?
arc you worried about?
Di che cosa sei preoccupato?
si leggono come segue:
ftoe pence (informalefloe p [pir])
fuy pounils twenty-fiae (pence)
tocaty-nine euros ninety cents
41
BASICSI
Gli interrogativi (2): which, whose, when,
how much/monyt how long, how often, why
awerbi
e pronomi
interrogativi sono:
= "Quale? Chi di voi/di loro...?" (fra un certo numero di cose o persone)
film do you prefer to see, X or Y? Which of them is your brother?
tfui
=
yeferisci
oedere,
X o Y?
Chi di loro
i
tuo
fratello?
"A N?"
i
usato per informarsi sul possesso. Pud essere seguito immediatamente
stantivo, o avere una coshuzione simile all'italiano.
dog is this?/Whose is this
- It's mine./It's my friend's.
dog?
ii
qureto cane?
= "Quando?"
do the shops close?
! ="Quantof i?"
nuch time have we got?
btryo
abbiamo?
-Emio.E delmio
amico.
Quando chiudono i negozi?
How many brothers and sisters have you got?
Qunnti fratelli hai?
tarchislarc E inoltre usato per chiedere rlprezzo.
much is this shirt? (o How much does this shirt cost?) -lt's f,25.
costa questa umicin?
- Costa 25 sterline.
much are these housers?
- They're f40.50 'i.
castano questi p antaloni?
- Costano 40 sterline e 50 (pmce).
bng? = "Quanto tempo?"
long does the lesson last?
Qwnto (tempo) dura la lezione?
often? = "Con che frequenza? Quante volte?"
often do you go to the hairdresser's?
du frequenzn/Quante oolte aai dal panucchiue?
- About
once a week.
- All'incirca una aolta alla settimana.
="Perch6?"
E
usato nel fare domande, anche indireite. Nel dare spiegazioni si usa because.
hyisn'tJim at school?
limnon i a scuola?
know why Bob is angry with me.
-
Because he's not well.
-
Perch| non stabme.
Non so perch6. Bob
inhodotte da interrogativi, la preposizione in genere
do you come/are you from?
does Peter live with?
are you worried about?
E
i
arrabbiato con fte.
posta alla fine della frase.
Di doae sei?
Con chi abita Peter?
Di chc cosa
sei preoccupato?
si leggono come segue:
fin ? *c,
(informalefioe p [pir] )
pounds
fiaenty-fioe (pmce)
furty
twmty-nine euros ninety cents
41
I,BASICS
I
Completate le domande con un plonome, un aggettivo o un awerbio interrogativo.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
........................ kind of films do you prefer?
B
There are three rucksacks here.
........................ does the next trarn leave?
........................ homework have we got for tomorrow?
........................ number are our seats?
........................ can give Jenny a lift home?
........................ of you can give Jenny a lift home?
........................ people work in this office?
............
is yours?
I ......................., is the right answer, a)or b)?
... is my watch? I can't find it.
10
Completate le domande.
I
I
J
{
$
$
.............
c .............
o .,...,.......
o .............
o .............
o ...,........,
o
angry? - I have no idea.
is that lady? - She's our new principal.
is Jane
of those guys is a basketball
player?
do you go to the cinema?
Once a week, usually.
are these trousers?
-
do you go to school?
-
-
The tall one, of course.
They're €75.
-
Usually by bus.
Formate domande e date risposte come negli esempi.
e.g.
.
pen? (Bilt)
,
jeans? (my jeans)
n
Whose pen is
o Whose jeans are
ttD
c,
C'
I
dog? (my neighbours)
2
magazines ? (our
3
newspaper?
4
suitcase? (that man)
gloves?
(wattel
Gnn)
F
(,
GI
L,
o42
handbag? (her
HJ
maaaz'rnes)
ffil
MIgEffi
Tlt
.
a
G
handbag)
&
this? - lt's Bill's.
these? - They're mine.
BASICS
I
Formate domande appropriate usando pronomi, aggettivi o avverbi interrogativi.
' . I can't come to the cinema tonight.
I r
....... these roses?
.
- They're [1.50
each
We go to a gym regularly.
playing chess?
- Because it's a difficult game. l'm hopeless at it.
. Can you come to the lazz festival? - lt depends.
. On the 5|'. lt's a Saturday.
.... start?
..........?
o lt only lasts five days.
5
Oette persone stanno facendo acquisti in un grande magazzino e si informano
sui prezzi. Gompletate le domande e le risposte.
[30.
[15
each.
L25.
145.
1
.)
?
these boots?
LT2O
these socks?
ei5.
[65.
ffi5.
that anorak?
that belt?
Quali domande fareste per avere informazioni precise su quanto vi viene detto?
(lniziate sempre le domande con un pronome, aggettivo o avverbio interrogativi.)
'
L
4
5
6
here are a lot of rooms in our flat.
-nat car costs a
lot.
Ihese bags aren't mine.
I
don't like my sister's new boyfriend
I haven't got a lot of money.
Eric travels abroad quite often.
Riordinate le seguenti domande.
'
-
t
:o lwho/for I workl you?
,tu
I are I of I what I afraid
:ren I
what
I
can
?
I I lwith / this / tin
?
4
5
6
about I whal
I
can
I we I Ialk?
that / is / what / book / about
?
what I do I for / a knife / you / need
?
Formate domande per ottenere le informazioni sottolineate.
' -rans comes from Berlin.
- Sairy shares a flat with a friend.
: :-y is worried about her examination.
4
5
6
Walt is interested in photography.
'9
That castle belongs to the Windsors
B'
et
This letter is from Aunt Sybil.
If.
c)
CD
43
Alcune preposizioni di luogo
-
corrisponde in genere all'italiano "a" (at the = aL, allo/a...).
home/school/the station/the bus stop; at 23, Oxford Street (ln inglese normalmente
ciaico
D
posto primn della aia)
in genere all'italiano "in, dentro" (in the = nel, nello/a...). Notate perd
si usa in con nomi di citti.
tre garden/the park/Oxford StreeU in the baglthe box...; in New York/Paris...
tdice
di norma at home ma in
the house.
There are eight rooms in this house.
[.ee at home?
ttcos/in
Ci sono otto stanze in questa casa.
casa Lee?
To (= "a,in") e from (= "da") sono preposizioni di moto
*mpre usare fo e non af o in con i verbi di moto.
We don't go to school on Saturday.
Whv don't you come to the park with
fle comes back from work at 7 o'clock.
a e da
luogo. Si deve percid
Non andiamo a scuola il sabato.
us?
Perchi non aieni al pnrco con noi?
Torna dal laztoro alle 7.
si usa davanti al sostantivohome.
hn'tcome
l5t
lt's time to go home.
home late.
tornare a casa tardi.
E ora di andare
a
casa.
preposizioni di luogo sono:
The lamp is on the table.
aa = " stJ, sopra" (con contatto)
*
"su, sopra" (senza contatto)
La lampadn
I
sul taaolo.
The painting is on the wall.
Il quadro d sulla
parete.
o
There's a lamp over the table.
C'i una lampada sopra il taaolo.
o
The bin is under the desk.
ET
= "vicino (a)"
i
Il cestino d sotto ln sqiaania.
The museum is near the station.
You can walk there.
Il
museo
i
aicino alla stazione.
Ci puoi andnre a piedi.
at
tO=
"aCCantO a, a
fian.O
"fra(due)"
di"
E I
@@Eq
The pub is next to the theatre.
Il pub i accanto al/a fanco del teatro.
Bob is sitting between Alice
and Georgia.
Bob
i
seduto
fra Alice
e Georgia.
45
IBASICS
in the middle (ofl = "inmezzo (a)"
on the
There's a table in the middle of
the room and a sofa on the right.
rightlleft = "a destra/sinistra"
C'i un
taaolo in mezzo alla stnnza
eun diaano adestra.
in
Jenny is in front of jim in the queue.
Jim is behind her.
lenny b daannti a lim nella coda.
ftont of = "daYanti a"
behind = "dietro (a)"
limidietroalei.
? opposite
= "di fronte a, dirimpetto"
There's a good restaurant opposite
the cinema.
C'i un buon ristorante di fronte al cinema.
*
The ladder is against the wall.
La scala D contro il muro.
against="cofltro"
ln front of d.l'opposto dibehind, percid non sigrrifica
necessariamente "faccia a faccia" , "di fronte a".
.t'
li Quando persone o cose si trovano dalla parte opposta
,:i di un tavolo, una casa, rnapiazza si usa di norma
tiii
opposite. Confrontate gli esempi:
The under gr ound st ation
is in
@
front of
the cinema.
The under ground station
is opposite the cinema.
eer preposizioni di tempo vedi anche pag. 422, per preposizioni di luogo vedi anche pag. 427.
Completate !efrasi con le preposizioni at,
in,fron, fo. Mettete
una Xse non C richiesta
alcuna preposizione.
ct
t,
a!.
(,
GI
L
a46
'I The travelagency is ............ 10, Castle Road.
2 o Where's your friend ............? - She's Spain. She lives ............ Granada.
3 We live ............ the centre of town, Park Street.
4 My husband is not ............ home now. He never comes ............ home for lunch.
5 Mrs Johnson lives ............ that beautiful house.
6 Does this bus go ............ the station?
7 . ls Pierre ............ school? - No, he doesn't go ............ school on Saturday.
8 I must go ............ home now.
i !..r:r'r.rr
BASICS
: 'red
,'i
goes the office by bicycle.
cottage the country, so we often go
e have a
.
*
the country at weekends.
,'/,ry don't we go ............ a restaurant tonight?
luncan and Emma are ............ the cinema. They go.
2 :cmpletate le frasi con le preposizioni
-= :ell tower is ............
-=
--urch and there's a
--.-=e clock
'=':
.
.....
2
the cinema quite often.
appropriate.
3
There are a lot of people
us in the queue and
Who's the boy sitting............
Mrs Sanders? ls he her son?
only two ............ us.
it.
5
ate two kites
--=
-
-:
-
'.vrng ............ them.
The bookcase is............ the
door and the desk. There's
and there's a sirange
a
6
The second-hand bookshop
is ............ Swinton Street,
ladder ............ the bookcase
and there's a parrot
florist's
one of the shelves. There's
and there's a restaurant
a
cat ............ the ladder.
the left. There's
a
the bookshop
the flower shop.
Completate la descrizione con le preposizioni appropriate.
--= riblic library is
:
r'.
Square
- :. -lall.
There are flower
:............
-=:s
-
the two
- : r'rgs and there are two cafes
... them. There are
-=-: e sitting
-:':'S a small park
the cafes.
City Hallwith
i---: n
....0f
it.
-='a ate ducks 8............ the
:'.=' Z.td there are benches
--=
the trees around
-::Cnd.
'11
S'
c)
=.
c)
(D
47
11
Sostantivi numerabili e non numerabili (1):
o/an, some, ony
Come in italiano, in inglese si distingue tra sostantivi numerabili e non
numerabili. I numerabili sono quelli che si riferiscono ad oggetti o a
persone che si possono contare.
a bottle
two dogs
una bottiglia
due cani
three children
tre bambini
Al singolare questi prendono l'articolo indeterminativo a o an.
) Vedl unlti 7.
I've got an umbrella.
Have you got a pencil?
Ho un ombrello.
Hai una matita?
two dogs
I sostantivi non numerabili sono quelli che si riferiscono ad oggetti che
non si possono contare, come coffee, milk, noise, ecc.
Questi sostantivi owiamente non prendono l'articolo indeterminativo t
non hanno il plurale.
I don't like coffee.
Non mi piace il caffi.
There was a lot of noise.
C'era molto rumore.
Have you got
a
Per indicare quantiti indeterminate si usano some o any (qtalche, un
po', alcuni/e ecc.).
pencil?
A differenza dell'italiano, l'uso di some o any dipende dal tipo di frase:
frasi affermative ) some
There are some chairs in the other room
Ci sono delle/alcune sedie nell'altra stanza.
I want some sugar in my tea.
Voglio dello/un po' di zucchero nel mio ti.
There was a lot
of
noise.
frasi negative e interrogative ) any
There aren't any chairs in the other room.
Non ci sono sedie nell'altta stanza.
Are there any chairs in the other room?
Ci sono delle/alcune sedie nell'altra stanza?
anche nelle interrogative
quando ci si aspetta una risposta
positiva e quando si offre qualcosa.
Can I have some milk, please?
Some si usa
affermativa.
Would you like some wine?
There's no time. The+eis#tsnetiee.
Vuoi del vino?
Non
Not ... any prtd essere sostituito
anche da no.
There aren't any chairs. =
There are no chairs.
Some e any possono
62
in
A dlfferenza dell'ltallano, in
'Si, ce n'i un po' in ftigo.'
inglese non d possibile usare la
'No, I'm afraid I haven't got any.'
doppia negazione, quindi nelle frasi 'No, non ne ho.'
conno il verbo va alla forma
Potrei avere del latte, per favore?
Non ci sono sedie.
I want some sugar
my tea.
c'i
tempo.
anche essere
usati come pronomi.
'Have you got any butter?'
'Hai del buno?'
'Yes, there's some in the fridge.'
Alcuni sostantivi sono
numerabili in italiano e non
numerabili in inglese.
adice consigli
luggage bagagli
information informa zioni
furnibnemobili
>Vedl uniti 11.
SOSTANTIVI NUMERABILI E NON NUMERABILI
(1): A/AN, SOME, /4Nv: UNTTA 24
Inserisci a o some.
I
qO
o
o
o
o
ao
oo
........{...... tree
2
............... snow
3
4 ............... coffee
5
...............water
6 ............... cup
............... boxes
Inserisci some o any negli spazi vuoti.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
There aren't
...9!!11.........
good restaurants in this town.
Don't worry about lunch. I've got
sandwiches.
...........
. brothers and sisters?
money.
I thinkyou owe me ............
... time.
We'd like to stay longer, but we don't have .........
information please?
Could you give me ............
trousers in the sale.
Sam bought
raspberry iam?"Yes, I think there's
'Have you got
Have you got
left in the cupboard.'
Tirasforma le seguenti frasi in altre di significato equivalente.
1
I'm afraid we don't have any coffee left.
2
She has no moral principles.
3
We never received any news from her.
4
He made no comments.
5
We don't have any money for ourselves.
6
There's no time to waste.
..r.!m,.qfr.qit. v. .e. !ruv.e.
rs
.ssffs.e. !.efr. . . . . .. . .. . . . .. . . .
6?
Sostantivi numerabili e non numerabili (2)
Alcuni sostantivi possono essere sia numerabili che non numerabili,
con diverso significato. Osserva questa tabella e nota le analogie e le
differenze con l'italiano.
a
some fish
fish
del pesce
un pesce
some coffee
a coffee
un
some paper
caft
(una tazza)
del
some paper
della carta
some wood
della legna
some iron
del ferro (metallo)
some glass
a paper
un giomale
a
wood
un bosco
an iron
un ferro da stiro
a glass
un bicchiere
Is
caffi
del vetro
your spaghetti
good?
Altri sono considerati non numerabili e non hanno il plurale. Oltre a
quelli indicati nella uniti precedente vi sono:
your spaghetti good?
gli spaghetti?
Your English is good.
spaghetti
Is
Sono buoni
spaghetti
English
l'inglese
Your hair is beautiful.
money
soldi
homework
compiti
housework
tuo inglese i buono. (=Parli bene inglese.)
Your hair is beautiful.
I tuoi capelli sono bellissimi.
The money is on the table.
I soldi sono sul tavolo.
Your homework is not finished.
I tuoi compiti non sono finiti.
Housework is hard!
faccende domestiche
Le faccende domestiche sono faticose!
Il
hair
capelli
Housework is hardl
Alcuni sostantivi sono considerati dei plurali collettivi.
Non prendono la desinenza -(e)s e richiedono un verbo
al plurale. I
Alcuni sostantivi non numerabili possono essere
preceduti da espressioni che indicano singole uniti.
pii comuni sono people e police.
bread
There are some people in the garden.
Ci sono delle persone in giardino.
The police are comingl
Sta anivando la polizia!
i
a loaf of bread
+ una Pagnotta
milk + a carton of milk
latte + un cartone di latte
toast + a slice of toast
pane
toast (pane tostato)
Al contrario, altri terminano con la desinenza - (e)s del
plurale ma richiedono una forma verbale singolare.
The news is on TV.
Le notizie (del telegiornale) sono (trasmesse) in televisione.
Maths is more difficult than English.
La matematica ? piit difficile dell'inglese.
u
hair
t
a
)
una fetta di toast (smza farcitura)
strand of hair
capelli + una ciocca di capelli
soap
a bar of soap
sapone + un pezzo di sapone
{
SOSTANTTVI NUMERABTLI E NON NUMERABTLT
(2): UNTTA 25
Inserisci a, an o niente negli spazi vuoti.
I Could you bring me ...4...... glass, please?
2 They make these towels from
recycled paper.
3 This table is made of .......... wood.
4 That was silly of me. Now there,s coffee all over the table.
5 My shirt is dry now. Have you got .......... iron?
6 One wall is .......... glass, so there is lots of light in the room.
7 canyou buy me .......... paper? I want to check the footbarr resurts.
8 There's small wood at the end of our garden.
Scegli I'opzione corretta tra quelle indicate.
1
I'll post your letters.
a stamp
Have
you
got ....h....?
b any stamps
2 The streets were empty. There weren,t there.
a PeoPles
b some people
3 Have_you got..........? I can help you.
a a luggage
b- some luggages
4 Do you like ..........? No, I don,t.
a hot milk
b a hot milk
5 We've iust moved into our house, and we haven,t got
a a furniture
b any furniture a- 6 Can you help me? I,d like
a an advice
b some advice
7 There's been a robbery! Call
a a police
b some police
I Our English teacher always gives us
a a lot of homeworks b some homeworks
c
any stamp
c
any people
c
anyluggage
c
some hot
c
some furniture
c
advices
c
the police
c
a
milk
lot of homework
Inserisci is o are in ciascuno spazio.
I Helen's hair ....i{.... very long.
2 The weather .......... really good at the moment.
3 Don't worry. The police here .......... very helpful.
4 Can you turn on the television? The news .......... on.
5 Where the money that I gave you yesterday?
6 Where my trousers? I left them here.
65
Much, mony, how much, how mony, o lot of, lots
of
Come in italiano 'moltof a', muchin inglese d seguito da sostantivi non
numerabili.
There isn't much time.
Non c'ir molto tempo.
Allo stesso modo, 'molti/e'in inglese si traduce many ed d seguito da
sostantivi plurali.
Are there many seats?
There are many
why peace is
difficult to achieve.
reasons
There are a lot of seats.
Ci sono molti posti a sedere?
There are many reasons why peace is difficult to achieve.
Esistono molti ragioni per cui i difficile stabilire la pace.
Many nel linguaggio colloquiale diventa a lot of oppure /ofs of (un sacco
di).
There's lots of time.
C'i molto tempo.
There are a lot of seats.
Ci sono un sacco di posti a sedere.
Nel linguaggio parlato, oltre a lofs si usa anche loads.
There were loads of people in the queue.
C'erano un sacco di persone in fila.
MuchMany si usano soprattutto nelle negative e nelle interrogative.
Nelle affermative si preferisce usare d lot offlots of o plenty of
(abbondanza di).
There were loads of
people in the queue.
There's plenty of food . Theret m**ehJeed.
C'b molto cibo.
I've got lots of female
friends.
There isn't much food.
C'i poco cibo.
I've got lots of female friends. @.
Ho molte amiche.
I haven't got many female friends.
Ho poche amiche.
Nelle domande, 'quanto/a e quanti/e'si traducono
rispettivamente con how much per i sostantivi non
numerabili ehow manyper quelli plurali.
How much homework have you
Quanti compiti
hai?
got?
Un sacco!
How many pages do you read every
Quante pagine al giomo
Lotsl
leggi?
day?
Ten
Dieci.
'How many players are there?'
'Quanti giocatori ci sono?'
'Molto' dopo i verbi
'Not many.'
'Non molti.'
si traduce convery much o a lot.
Osserva la posizione nella frase.
I like that songvery much.
@.
Mi piace molto quella canzone.
Much e many possono essere usati anche come pronomi,
owero
senza essere seguiti dal nome.
'Can you lend me some money?''Yes, but I haven't got
much.'
'Puoi prestarmi dei soldi?' 'Si, ma non ne ho
66
molti.'
Davanti agli aggettivi, 'molto'si traduce convery.
I'm very tired.
Sono molto stanco.
MUCH, MANY, HOW MUCH, HOW MANY, A LOT OF, LO15 OF: UNITA 26
Scegli le parole corrette tra quelle sottolineate.
1
2
3
I
5
6
There isn't many(6-uD food in the fridge, I'm afraid.
Have you read many/much books in German?
We don't have many/much rain in the summer.
There isn't manI/much coffee left.
You haven't made many/much mistakes.
The cinema is nearly full. There aren't many/much seats left.
Completa le domande con How much o How many.
......I!.o.v..ryrysh....... money have you got?
1
2
students are in the class?
3
paper do you need?
4
pages are there
5
time have we got left?
in this book?
i
I
I
3
Diana e Vicki sono in uno shopping centre in cerca di regali. Completa il dialogo con
l'opzione corretta tra quelle fornite.
Diana What (1) ...4....... people!
Vicki
And we don't have (2) ...... time left. It's already five o'clock.
Diana I know, it's (3) ...... late. We've got (4)
Vicki
presents to buy.
And not (5) .........money.
Diana Look
at that shirt. (6)
..........is it? I like it (7) .........
.
Vicki
Forty euros.
Diana What! That's (8) .........of money! How about that T-shirt?
Vicki
Only nine euros. That's (9) ....cheap. We could buy one for Barbara, one for Luisa,
one for Nigel ...
Diana (10) ........... in total? Three?
Vicki Let's buyfour. Let's hurryup, there aren't (11) ..........Ieft.
La
2a
3a
4a
5a
6a
7a
8a
9a
L0
11
a
a
many
much
much
many
many
Much
much
lots
very
Many
many
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
lot of
many
very
lotsof
very
How many
very
alotof
much
How much
much
a
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
much
very
lots of
aorb
much
How much
very much
aorb
alot
How many
how many
67
g
some, o tittte, o few tittle, few
Per
.
I've lost some weight
recently.
indicare quantiti indeterminate di cose e persone possiamo usare:
some = u/t Po', qualche, alcuni/e con i sostantivi numerabili e non
numerabili.
I've lost some weight recently.
Ho perso un po' di peso (= sono dimagito) recentemente.
I've seen some good films at the London Film Festival this year.
Ho visto dei bei film al London Film Festival quest'anno.
o a little = u/t Po'con i sostantivi non numerabili
I'd like a little milk in my tea.
Vonei un po' di latte nel mio td.
.
a few = qualche, alcuni/e con i sostantivi numerabili plurali
I've got a few things to do before leaving.
Ho alcune cose da fare prima di partire.
o little
I'd like a little milk in
my tea.
=
poco/a con i sostantivi non numerabili
little bread. = She doesn't eat much bread. Qtii ftequente)
She eats
Mangia poco pane.
.
few = pochi/e con i sostantivi numerabili
He has few friends. = He doesn't have many friends. Qtii ftequente)
Hapochi amici.
Osserva la diffrenza tra a little e little, few e a few.
I drink a little milk.
He has few friends.
Bevo un po' di lqtte.
I drink little milk. (= I don't drink much milk.)
Bevo poco latte.
There were a few people in the restaurant.
C'erano alcune persone nel rtsfurante.
There were few people in the restaurant. (= There weren't many people
There were few people
in the restaurant.)
in the restaurant.
C'erano poche persone nel ristorante.
Little efevtthanno un significato
muchenotmany. Si pud anche dire
negativo. Significano'non
molto/non molti.' Spesso sono
preceduti davery.
not a lot of.
You don't neeil much milk for the
There weren't a lot of people in the
There were a lot of people in the
There were very few people in the
restaurant.
pub.
restaurant.
C'uano pochissime persone nel
a lot/lots/plenty
ristorante.
Pit comuni sono le espressioni nof
68
C'd un sacco di rumore in strada.
There's plenty of time.
C'b un sacco di tempo.
cake.
of
Ricorda che con queste espressioni il
verbo dipende dal sostantivo.
There is lots of noise in the street.
C'erano un sacco di persone nel pub.
There are plenty of bottles in the
fridge.
Ci sono un sacco di bottiglie in figo.
.i
SOME,
A
LITTLE, A FEW, L|TTLE, FEW:
UNITA 27
!
la figura e completa le frasi. Che cosa c'E nel frigo di Giulia? Usa a lot of, a fsnt, a
littlc.
leta queste frasi con some, a ffu, few, a little, a lot of, plenA of (a volte piri di una
C possibile.)
'\l/as the theatre full?"No, there were very ......f.fl........ people in the audience.'
What
..
traffic! We'll never get to the station on time.
Canyou sp:ue me
.. time?
Ite invited
to my place tonight.
.. friends
Why don't you stay with us tonight? We've got
me
..I am a student, so I have to buy
My great-aunt only left
...........
room in our flat.
.. money when she died.
..
books.
There's no need to hurry. We've got.................... time!
o afeur,little o
alittle ? Riempi gli
spazi con l'espressione corretta.
Only ......4fu....... can speak English well in my class.
He's
only got ...........
time to spend with his children.
'Did you manage to save any money last year?' 'Very
Unfortunately,
'With
only
.. citizens signed the
.. help from my friends' is the
He's a very mysterious man, he's a man
The students had very
..........
of
.........
I'm afraid.'
petition.
title of a famous song.
..
words.
time to study for the exam.
I onlywant.................... dessert. I'm on a diet.
69
5.4 Costnrzioni
porticolori dei verbi lika wont
would like
NE
Uke
@iacere)
a m+m*ffidiversamentedall'italiano"piacere",iningleseilsoggettodilcomplemento
il soggetto italiano.
Mi piace il vitello, ma non mi piace l'agnello.
A Emma piacciono i concerti di musica pop.
di termine italiano, mentre il complemento oggetto
I like veal but I don't like lamb.
Emma likes pop concerts.
o
m
+
m *m
d
[+z.r ], indica un'attivitir che generalmente
si ama svolgere.
Le piace cucinare.
She likes cooking.
(sempre, in qualunque giorno o situazione)
.ffiffi+ffi+ffi+ffiffiindicaun,attivitirchesipreferiscefareindeterminate
circostanze.
She likes to cookfor her friends on
Saturdays.
Le piace cucinare per i suoi amici il sabato.
(non sempre, solo il sabato quando li invita)
WAfi (volere)
.ffi+ffi+ffisiusaquandoilsoggettodellaprincipaleilostessodellasecondaria, nel senso di "volere fare qualcosa".
He wants / doesn't want to cancel the
Does Austin want to buy that
meeting. Vuole / Non vuole cancellare la riunione.
shirt?
Austin vuole comprare quella maglietta?
.ffi*ffim+ffi+ffisiusaquandoilsoggettodellaprincipaleidiversoda
quello della secondaria, nel senso di "volere che qualcuno faccia qualcosa" (costruzione oggettiva).
My wrfe wants me to spend more time with her. Mia moglie vuole che io trascorra piir tempo con lei.
Vuoi che i tuoi amici ti vengano a prendere?
Do you want your friends to pick you up?
1{OTACHE
Se si vuole che qualcuno non faccia qualcosa, sitsa want in forma negativa + oggetto + fo + forma base
piuttosto che want in forma affermativa + oggetto + not + fo + forma base (forma arcaica e molto formale,
di uso letterario).
I don't want him to talk about politics!
Non voglio che (lui) parli di politica!
WOuld like
(vorrei, mi piacerebbe)
Would like d ut condizionale presente e ha una forma unica per tutte le persone. Si costruisce come want,
anche nella costruzione oggettiva, e si usa molto spesso per esprimere desideri e formulare inviti cortesi.
La sua forma negativa b wouldn'tlikel)tl.zl.
She would like to renovate her
flat.
They wouldn't like to decide today.
Would you like to live abroad?
Mum would like me to stay in today.
?a
Vorrebbe / Le piacerebbe ristrutturare il suo appartamento.
Non vorrebbero decidere oggi.
Vorresti / Ti piacerebbe vivere all'estero?
La mamma vorrebbe che io restassi a casa oggi.
5.4
Costruzioni particolari dei verbi like, want, woutd like
Completa le frasi con like e la forma corretta di uno dei seguentiverbi.
rtelax o take part
O. I like relaxins on
to
00. I /ike
o listen o eat r drive o go
r
do
a sunbed in the garden.
relaxinthe garden on Sundayafternoons.
1. They
sweets and biscuits too much.
2. Luca
3. Doyou
4.
to music with a sophisticated audio system.
to the cinema? My favourite film is The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo.
experiments in biology class, but I don't like studying the theory!
in the digital photography workshops after school.
I
5. Maya
6. He
his racing sports car at the weekend.
Sottolinea l'alternativa corretta.
0. lwant
1.
connecting
/lgl.lwith
you.
Theywouldlike/liketoinvitehertojoin 5. Myparentswantmetostay,/wantthatlstay
the
cast.
home more often.
2. I want to see,/seeing how he fixes the engine. 5. You want them not,/don't want them to go on
holiday by themselves.
3. Does Alicia to want,/want to go to the opera ?
7. Do you really want,/wanting to change school?
4. He doesn't want,/wants not her to eat
8. I don't want / want not him to sleep so much!
unhealthy food.
Completa le frasi (on la forma corretta di like o would like.
O.
I
like
1.4
2.
3.
a
whole basket when l'm at the cinema.
hot places!
to come to the tropics? B No, I
living in a green environment.
Zoe and Sean live in the countryside. They
on
improving
my listening skills.
me to concentrate
My teacher
you
4.4
5.
popcorn. I eat
to come to the match? B Yes, I really
to sail around the world one day.
looking through her telescope and observing the night sky.
to visit the Egyptian Museum in Turin. They say it is very interesting.
his new haircut. She thinks it's cute.
you
They
6. Nicole
7.
8. His girlfriend
I
volleyball!
ilicky vuole prendere la macchina di suo padre per andare a casa di un ami(0. Usando le parole tra parentesi,
(ompleta ildialogo.
NICKY
NICKY
Dad, ld like to take the car. I want to go to Kevin's house.
kelp in the garden. (l / like / you)
Well, (0) T woold like yoo
(1)
do? (you / want / me)
OK.What
DAD
Well, (2)
DAD
to
prune the trees. (l / need)
NICKY
Oh no, there are six trees!
DAD
(3)
all the trees. (l
NrcKY
(4)
the grass? (you / like / me / cut)
DAD
That's a good idea.Then (5)
NICKY
Then (6)
DAD
Well... (7)
NICKY
them. (l / like) The car?
Oh Dad, yes of course (8)
Oh, sorry son. The battery's flat. l'm waiting for a mechanic!
DAD
/
not / want / you
/ prune)
the trees. (l / like / you
your car. ls that OK? (l / like / take)
these roses? (you / like)
/ prune)
7g
,re--'
,a.tr:;
+
o-
tr
f
7.1
Lo formo in
-ing
t La forma in -lng si ottiene aggiungendo -ingalla forma base del verbo. Tale forma d invariabile.
o La forma negativa si ottiene premettendo nof.
go > (not) going
meet > (not) meeting
fall > (not) falling
o In alcuni casi awengono delle variazioni ortografiche. Osserva la tabella.
iverbi terminanti in -y,-w,-x
ri
r"rui
t"rrnin"iiiln -eiuta
non variano
play > playing,study> studying
blow > blowing, grow > growing
text > texting, fix > fixing
perdono la -e
take
I preceduta da consonante
> taking, make > making
> being
MA: be
i i verbi bisillabiciterminanti
| <on una consonante preceduta
I d" una sola vocale e accentati
I raddoppiano la
i consonante finale
I
prefer > preferring, begjn > beginning
MA: wonder, fpppen, !s'1en (accentati
sulla prima sillaba) > wondering,
happening, listening
sull'ultima sillaba
t-
terminanti in -,
preceduta da una sola vocale
raddoppiano la -I
i verbi
I iverbi
terminanti in -c
iverbi lie, die,tie
aggiungono
-L
-k
cambiano -iein
travel > travelling, quarrel > quarrelling
MA: reveal (due vocali) > revealing
ECCEZIONI: fuel > fuelling, dial > diolling
mimicking
lie> lying,die> dying,tie> tying
panic> panicking,mimic>
-y
i
:
i
I
La forma in -ing si usa nei seguenti casi:
-
per sostantivare un verbo (diversamente dalf italiano, in cui si trova all'infinito), spesso con valore di
soggetto della frase; tale uso d frequente negli awisi pubblici;
Reading thrillers is my favourite hobby.
No smoking in this area.
-
-
dopo alcuni verbi, tra cui like, dislike,love, hate, mind, finish, stop, suggest, enjoy, practise
llZq.Z;
2a.sl;
I like choosing Christruas gifts.
Mi piace scegliere i regali di Natale.
Time up! Stop writing now, please!
I don't mind doing the housework.
Tempo scaduto! Smettete di scrivere ora, per favore!
Non mi dir fastidio fare Ie faccende domestiche.
dopo il verbo go, per indicare che si pratica uno sport o si ha un passatempo (fuori casa);
Andrew goes skating every day.
Let's go fishing next weekend!
94
il mio hobby preferito.
Non si puo fumare / Vietato fumare in quest'area.
Leggere gialli d
Andrew va a pattinare tutti i giorni.
Andiamo a pescare il prossimo weekend!
7.I
L, forma in -lng
Scrivi la forma in -rng dei seguentiverbi.
0. stop stoppins
1. write
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. forget
7. knit
8. make
9. happen
10. shop
sing
die
prefer
get
11. run
12. dream
13. wash
16. draw
17. cancel
14. cut
19. give
15. become
20. win
18. dig
(ompleta il cruciverba usando la forma in -rng deiverbi rappresentati nei disegni.
'\r
4.
'o'.,,1f
.
{.y C'C.}
(ompleta le frasi usando la forma in -ing dei seguenti verbi.
dance o ta*e o study o park o do o
0.
Claire
loves takins
wear. run . look o play
photographs in the early morning.
1. ldont mind
after your dogs when you are on holiday.
2. When Nickfinishes
, he always goes outside for some fresh air.
3. Tammy doesn't like
her Latin homework on her own.
4. No, you can't stop the car here. The sign says "No
on Saturday afternoon!There's an athletics track in Brighton.
5. Let's go
6. Do you suggest
the black skirt or the trousers?
7.
a musical instrument is an excellent hobby for children to have.
twice a week. She loves Latin American music in particular.
8. Lisa goes
Traduci le seguenti frasi.
1. lnvito spesso i miei amici a cena e cucino per loro. Cucinare d un'attivitir molto rilassa nte (relaxing).
2. David odia svegliarsi presto la mattina. 3. William suggerisce di prenotare in anticipo (book in advance)
per le nostre vacanze a lbiza perchd molti turisti (lots of tourisfs) ci vanno. 4. Stare in piedi per molte ore d
un problema per la mia schiena (back). 5. A Vanessa non dir fastidio stirare (iron). 6. Non andiamo mai a
pattinare perch6 la pista di pattinaggio (ice rink) d molto lontana dal nostro paese. 7. Quando finisci di fare i
tuoi compiti, chiamami! 8. A Andiamo a sciare questo weekend! B Bella idea!Amo sciare!
98
IBASICS
JL
rwr
Il
ll Prese nt Continuous
Present Continuous si forma con
I
aml
He/She/lt is I
We/You/
They
il presente di to
working
l
are
AmIl
he/she/it I
Is
Are welvou/thev
+ forman -ing del verbo.
I
He/She/lt
amnot
We/You/They
are
is
not
1
not
.l
I working
Aren't I
Isn't he/she/it 1I
Aren't welyou/they l
working?
-l
)
be
working?
Le forme contratte e le risposte brevi corrispondono a quelle delverbo to be:
She
isn't/She's not
working.
o
Is Bob
working? -
Yes, he
is./No, he isn't.
Variazioni ortografiche nell'aggiunta del suffisso -fug
,
La -e muta finale cade
o
La-A finale
.
.
.
E
*
write -r writing, have.+ having
study -r studying, carry -) carrying
sempre mantenuta
Raddoppiano la consonante finale quando
- i monosillabi
- i bisillabi con accento sull'ultima sillaba
E
preceduta da una sola vocale:
-r swimming, sit + sifting
begin -r beginning
travel -r travelling, rebel -r rebelling
lie.-r lying die -r dying
picnic -r picnicking
swim
- i verbi terminanti h -, rF'!
I verbi terminanti in
-de
trasformano la
-re
in
y
Iverbiin -dcaggiungono una k
Uso del Present Continuous
mr
di azioni o situazioni che sono in corso di
svolgimento nel momento o nel periodo attuale (now, at the moment, today, in this period...).
Nick is in the sitting room. He's watching TV.
Il
Present Continuous b usato per parlare
Nick
i in salotto.
I'm having
Gunrda/Sta guardando Ia teleoisione,
a great time in this
Present Simple
period.
Mi
sto diuertcndo moltissimo in questo periodo.
o Continuous?
*Esr In inglese i,Presant Sitnple
d usato per parlare
di azioni abituali (usually, always, eaery
day...) o situazioni permanenti.
*
Fanno eccezione alcuni verbi fra cui: dye a dyeing (= ingere), age
queu(e)ing (= fare Ia coda).
possibili forme queue
*,t In inglese americano
traael + traztelins.
48
)
+
ageing (= invecchiare). Ha due
la -l non si raddoppia se l'accento non cade sull'ultima sillaba, percid si hova
BASICS.
::..r
pratica. Per parlare di cib che sta accadendo ora (o nel periodo presente considerato)
- :. e Llsare 11 Pre sent Corttitruous.In pratica in inglese si deve usare 1a forma progressiva
-- -= .: r'olte che questa forma sarebbe possibile anche in italiano.
-
-::.rntate gli esempi:
:.at do you do?
Whai are you doing?
- ;; iLti (di solito)?/Che lnt'oro fni?
,-:
Cosn
fni (orn,
irr questtt periodo)?
= Cosa stai t'ncendo?
:.-:ma progressiva d usata solo con verbi che esprimono un'azione. Non si usa percid
. erbi che esprimono volonid (to want = volere...; to need = aver bisogno...), stati
-
--::nente (to knou = sapere, conoscerei to like = piacere...) o percezione involontaria
-,- -ic'r = r'edere; to hear
=
udire...).
- : - r'erbi di percezione involontaria si usa spesso can: Can ylu see thenr? (= Li vedi? Riesci
- .;erli?); I can't hear you. (= Non ti sento. Non riesco a sentirti.)
Completate la descrizione usando i verbi dati. ln alcuni casi dovete usare la forma negativa.
jo o eat.
feed .
jog.
lie
.
listen o play o
sit.
skateboard
.
sunbathe
to leed = dar da mang are
to lie = essere d steso/sdraiato
to sunbathe = prendere I sole
:s Sunday. There are lots of people in the park today. Theyr...
differeni
-rngs. There's a boy on the left. He 2................................... on the grass against a tree and he
the guitar. There are two girls near him They '......,,. ..
-^ the grass and
they
.
They'
.. to the boy
, :h the guitar because they've both got MP3s. Then there's a little boy. He's got a sandwich
7.........
He
,voman, too. She's in shorts and a t-shirt and she
- his hand,
but he
..... it.
you can see two boys. They
=rrnd the trees where
the birds. There's
. There's a hill
T
rt
s)
!f,.
e,
(D
49
H.BASrcs
gli elementi dati come negli esempi.
Formate domande e risposte con
e.B. o What / Jim do? He / have a shower? - No / get dressed
. What's Jim doing? ls he having a shower? - No, he isn't. He's getting dressed.
.
.
I
I read the newspaper? - Yes
ls Dad reading the newspaper? - Yes, he is.
Dad
o Those children
I quarrel?
-
Yes
2 The little girl / cry? - Yes
3 . Brenda / still sleep? - No / have a shower
4 . You / drink tea? - No / coffee
5 . Bob / talk on the phone? - Yes
6 . Mum / work in the garden? - No / have a chat with our neighbour
7 . What / you look for (= cerchi)? You / look for your keys? - No / my glasses
8 o What / Jason do? He / read comics? - No / surf the net
.
3
Comptetate le frasi con i verbi
1
2
3
al
Present Simpte o Continuous.
................... (study).
(waif) for us.
Come on, Timl Hurry up! Molly and Rob ..............
. Where's Alice? - She ........... (do) her homework. She ..............
Please don't play that music so loud! I
(always do) it after lunch.
4 Rose
5 . Where
- We ............
6 o What
(fake) photos.
She..............
(/lke)taking photos.
(you go)?
(go) to the beach.
(Dan
..........
do)? -
He's a computer programmer, but he
(notwork) atthe moment.
7 Why
8 Ginny
........ (you want) Iojoin us?
(lookfol a new job.
He............
........,......... (not rain) now.
(you take) an umbrella? lt
(usually have) cereal for breakfast, but today is Sunday and she
(have) eggs and bacon.
9 Who
.
I ...................... (not know). Maybe it's our new
neighbours upstairs. Perhaps they .............. ........ (move) their furniture (= mobili) around.
10
I
(make) all this noise?
...... (you go) shopping?
-
-
Yes,
...........
Formate domande per ottenere le informazioni sottolineate.
4
l'm sharing a flat with my friend Lisa.
5
3 l'm going on holiday with my aunt and uncle. 6
1
2
5
g
H
CJ
Gl
l-
o50
Aunt Clara is looking for her cat.
Ann is talking to her teacher.
Those boys are talking about football,
This fast car belongs to that old lady.
Traducete le seguenti frasi.
1
o)
(you need) anything?
2
3
4
5
. Cosa fa Mike?
- Non so. E nella sua camera.
|
Forse studia. Studia molto in questigiorni(= these days).
Comincia a nevicare. Prendi un ombrello se stai uscendo.
o Dove
vai? -
Vado in biblioteca. Preferisco studiare
li.
Cidivertiamo molto qui in Grecia. Peccato (= Pitfi che non puoivenire.
.
Cosa
cerchi?
-
I miei occhiali. Non riesco mai a trovarli quando ne ho bisogno.
45p S1.95 87.50 811.99 8149.99
2
8229.99
The price is right!
a ln pairs. Look at these objects below.
How much do you think they cost in the UK?
Match them to the prices in exercise 1 above.
A How much is/are...?
B I think it's/they're... tr
ts_
b @@ Now tisten to the six conversations and check your answers.
3 €k Scott, Daisy, Matteo and Lucia are at the At-Bristol centre ticket office.
Listen. Do they buy tickets?
Check
@EA Listen again. Choose
the correct answer, a or b.
discount? 4 What time aoes ifre centre close?
a At three o'e lock. b At five o'clock.
a 815.00.
b 816.00.
2 How much are the four tickets with the discount? 5 Who is sorfo if,rt t|,.y can't go in?
1
How much is each ticket before the
a
854.00.
b 844.00.
a Scott and Matteo. b Daisy and Lucia.
6 What do Scott and Matteo do?
3 How can they pay for the tickets?
a Go for a pizza. b Go for a coffee.
a ln euros.
b ln sterling or by debit card.
g Think grammar
Say it!
7
CanlCould ...?
5
Read these requests from the dialogue and
complete the rule.
Can we have four tickets, please? Yes, of course.
Could I see your student cards?
Can I pay in euros? No, sorry you can't.
ln pairs. Look at the posters below about
things to do in Bristol. Use the information
to make dialogues. Take turns to be the
ticket seller and the customer.
Use the dialogue in exercise 6 as a model
and make any necessary changes.
Can you lend me some cash, Scott?
ConlCould +
Practice
6 O Look at the
cinema poster and read the
dialogue below. Then complete it using
the phrases in the box. Add a verb where
necessary.
i,i,,,t,il,'lf
Horfield Leisure Cent,f i"
Can
l/we...?
Could l/we...?
ls there a student discount?
How
much...? Whattime...?
A Hello.l
two tickets
for Zoom, please?
B Of course. Which performance?
A The eight-thirty.'z
B That's 810.40, please.
A Oh, that's quite expensive.3
B Yes, there
is.lt's 84.2O.4
your student cards?
A
Yes, here you are.
B OK. That's €8.40 then.
A
B
A
b
lt finishes at about quarter past ten.
OK. Thanks.
In pairs. Practise the diatogue and check
your answers.
Sophie Dice che d uno buono ideo.
Suggestions
5
Study the rules.
Tessa
Sholl we,Why don't we, Let's,Whot about e
How about si usano per fare proposte.
6
How shall we get there?
Shall we go to the cinema?
Why don't we go to At-Bristol?
Dice che preferisce non ondore o fore
sh o ppi ng. (Usa rath e r.l
Joss
7
Sholl welWhy don't we + forma base del verbo
Propone di ondore albowling.
Joss
I
Let's go for a walk.
Tessa/ Rispondono no grazie. A loro non pioce
Sophie ilbowling!
LetS + forma base del verbo
What about going bowling?
How about getting the bus?
9
Free-time activities with go
WhaUHow obout + forma in -ing
5
2 Read the examples and complete the rules.
go + verbo
go to (the/o) +
Shall we go for a pizza?
go for (a/an) +2
I'd prefer to stay at home.
Spesso si usa il verbo go per indicare un'attiviti.
Corrisponde all'italiano'andare a...'
Ma a differenza dell'italiano, in inglesego pud
l'd prefer (not) +2
Complete the dialogue with a suggestion
and a suitable verb in the correct form.
essere seguito dal verbo alla forma in -ing oppure
da una preposizione + sostantivo.
A Whatl
this evening?
B Why 2.
4
6 Write
No, I don't like volleyball. How about3
B
Football!Again?! l'd rather4
A
B
Good idea! What film shall we see?
1
3 Lynne's house
4 coffee
5 shops
6 lunch
7 swimming pool
It's Saturday morning. Tessa, Joss and Sophie
are deciding what to do. Write their dialogue.
8 run
Chiede ogli oltri che coso fore oggi.
t
Wltat slta// we do todav?
Propone di ondore o fore un giro in bici.
2
Sophie Dice che non pud. Non ha la bici.
3
Tessa
cinema Letb ao to t/te cinema.
2 ice skate
5
Joss
suggestions for each place or activity.
Use Let's, Shall, What about and How obout.
A
Tessa
1
1
l'd prefer not to go out.
Let's
in -ing
Why don't we go to the park?
l'd rather go to Pete's house.
rother o would ('d) prefer.
l'd rather not go by bike.
l'd rather go for a walk.
3
Read the examples and complete the rules.
Let's go shopping!
Per esprimere una preferenza o per fare una
proposta alternativa si pud usare would ('d)
l'd rather (not) +
Propone di ondore ol nuovo negozio
'Look 45'.
Propone di ondore o fore shopping. (Usa
Let3.)
4
How much,..?
7
Read the examples and study the rule.
How much is the camera?
How much are the CDs?
Si usa How much + islare...7 per chiedere
prezzo diqualcosa.
il
8
ConlCould,..?
write questions and answers about the cost
of objects 1-4.
11
m
Read the examples and study the rules.
Can I see your lD?
Could I pay in euros?
Could you call me?
Can e could si possono usare per fare richieste.
Sono verbi modali e sono seguiti dalla forma base
del verbo (senza to).
159.99
A differenza dell'italiano, non si usa I
wont... per
fare una richiesta in inglese. Puo sembrare scortese.
12 Use these expressions to make requests.
1
use your dictionary (can)
pay by credit card (can)
1
I
How muc/t are the suny/assesT
Tltey re f5?.7?.
would like
Study the table and the rule.
l/You/He/5he/lt/We/They would ('d) like
3
open the window (could/you)
4
get a new laptop, Mum (can)
5
change these euros for me (could/you)
grammar
in context tr
l/You/He/5he/lt/We/They wouldn't (not) like
Would l/you/he/she/it/we/they like...?
Affirrnative
Negative,
No,l/you/he/she/it/we/theywouldn't.
ln groups of three. You are planning to go
on a camping trip with two friends. You have
a maximum of 8250 to spend. Decide which
are the most important things to buy for
your trip. Use al! the language of the unit.
Here are some pictures to help you.
Example: What shall we buy for our camping trip?
A differenza dell'italiano, would like (volere) non
viene coniugato perch6 would d un verbo modale.
(Vedicon p.60).
r100,00)
10 O Match the examples (1-4) to the functions
(a-d).
{3oo i
:
_
_
3_
4_
1
2
We'd like two tickets, please.
ld like to pay by cash.
camera
walking boots
Would you like a drink?
What would you like to do?
a esprimere preferenze
b invitare a fare qualcosa
c fare una richiesta cortese
d offrire qualcosa
b
sleeping bag
ti'l
trtow complete the rule.
would like + sostantivo / forma base del verbo
con
H@H
tent
swimming
costume
camping stove
@Home(r)
I
Completa queste parole. Ogni trattino corrisponde a una lettera.
bathroom
tr
wr
m
u_
IT
IT
o
AC
tr
s_
w
Et-l
EE
HOME (1): UNITA 121
Ricorda che'mobili' si traduce con frtmiture,
che d non numerabile. > vedl unfti 11.
v
I need to change the furniture in my bedroom
- this is too old.
Ho bisogno di cambiare i mobili nella mia camera
da letto
Abbina una parola ad ogni descrizione.
kitchen
1
2
3
4
5
3
questi sono troppo vecchi.
ti
td
2
-
living-room
bed+eem
bathroom
study
You usually sleep in this room.
You sit at your desk in this room.
You sit on the sofa and watch television in this room.
You cook meals in this room.
You take a shower in this room.
Completa ognuna di queste frasi con una parola nel riquadro.
armchair bathroom €ei+ing desk floor furniture upstairs
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
window
If I stand on a chair, I can touch the ............ ...f.i!!!l&.....
Our house has two floors, and my bedroom is ..............
Peter does his homework at
his
.... in his bedroom.
I can't move in your room!There is too much
From my
............
Kate dropped a glass on
Jack is
in
the
I can see the park at the end of the street.
the
.... and it broke.
.... . He's taking a shower.
When I read, I like sitting in a comfortable ...............
303
@
1
Home(2)
Scrivi i nomi mancanti di questi oggetti.
E
ll
radiator
t/
HoME (2): UNITA 122
T
sink
blender
hoover/vacuum cleaner
Segna con y' le cose che normalmente si trovano in ciascuna stanza.
1
2
3
4
kitchen
a cookery'
bedroom
a blanket
living-room
a washing machine
bathroom
a mirror
r/
b
sofa
c bath
d
b
dustbin
c
wardrobe
d pillow
b
armchair
c
carpet
d
table
b
television
c bookshelf
d
shower
fridge
Scegli l'opzione corretta tra quelle elencate.
1
2
3
4
To stop the
light coming in the window we need some .....(.
b
a curtains
lt's very cold. Why don't you turn on
a central heating
b cooker
b
.......
Laura sat at
a study
her
a
chimney
basin
The biscuits are in the
a table
an armchair
c
office
in the living-room.
...........
b bookcase
c bookshelf
b
You can wash your hands in
a
c
b desk
There was a lovely fire burning in the
library
?
....... and turned on her computer.
6
a
shelves
C Stove
a seat
My school books are in the
8
the
In the evening I like to relax in .............
a a chair
5
7
c
radiators
central
the
heating
b shower
...........
b
shelf
c
fireplace
....... in the bathroom.
c
tap
c
cupboard
in the kitchen.
305
Personality and feelings
$$
Per chiedere'Com'd una persona?'si usa
What's he/she like? (> vedl unltir le). 'Come
'F^
ti
senti?' is How are you feeling?
/'r
tll,-,,-
Ricorda che ci sono tanti sinonimi di sad:
miserable
depressed
unhappy
low
down in the mouth.
He's sad.
Oltre a happy puoi usare:
pleased
glad
in high spirits
cheerftil
on cloud nine
in seventh heaven (al settimo cielo)He's happy.
rL.'
Oltre
a scared
B
puoi usare:
ftightened
petrifted
terrifted
panicky
She's scared.
\
Aggettivi dal significato simile a angry soffr
mad
in abadmood
irritated
furious
fiiming
infttriated
He's angry.
310
PERSONALITY AND FEELINCS:
UNITA 125
lnserisci questi aggettivi nella colonna esatta in modo da formare coppie di opposti.
mean narrow-minded confident
outgoing easy-going lazy
I
2
3
pessimistic
optimistic
clever
generous
tense
4
5
broad-minded
shy
6
7
stupid
hard-working
lnsecure
8
Con quale di questi prefissi si formano i derivati di questi aggettivi? Controlla le tue
risposte nel dizionario.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
un
t/
friendly
polite
dls
in
sensitive
loyal
honest
happy
kind
Trova l'aggettivo corrispondente a queste definizioni nell'esercizio
1
2
3
4
5
im
I
e 2.
He tends to be quite reserved. He doesn't like speaking to other people. ........:!!y.....
He never says'Hello','Goodbye'
or'Thanks'. .............
He never buys drinks for his friends.
He can understand other people's feelings
He's always
willing to listen to other people's opinions.
Completa con un aggettivo o un'espressione dal significato simile a quello tra parentesi.
La prima lettera E data.
1
2
3
4
I feel really m .l_I g
l_ qb_ l_ e
.l've broken up with my boyfriend and I've lost my job.
When I told my father about the car crash he was f __
I was
(sad)
. (angry)
in seventh h_____when I learnt aboutthat job offer. (happy)
When the two men threatened her with a gun she was absolutely t
_
(scared)
3t1
Food
1
Riconosci questi cibi? Scrivi i[ nome di ciascuno e usa a/an con quelli numerabili
con quelli non numerabili. (> veal unltir 24 e 25)
a chicken
GE
ff#
10
,12
He's
boiling potatoes.
He's
grilling meat.
8
11
He's peeling potatoes.
He's
baking
He's
grating cheese.
a cake.
e some
FOOD: UNITA 126
2
Segna corry' le corrette combinazioni tra le parole della colonna verticale con una di
quelle nella colonna orizzorttale, come nell'esempio. Sono possibili piti combinazioni.
(> veal unltir 24 e 25)
milk
chocolate
soaP
bread
cake
r'
L acupof
orange iuice
v)
2 a bottle of
3 abarof
4
a slice
5
6
a loaf
a
7
a glass
of
of
carton of
of
Completa ognuna di queste frasi con una parola nel riquadro.
breaKast dinner
1
2
3
4
5
6
I
food
meal
sne€k
course
When I get hungry and feel like a.....!!1.49J5......., I eat an apple.
A
good
.. is the best way of starting the day.
Peter has to take medicine an hour before every
.. is served every evening
in the hotel dining-room.
Michael really loves Greek
After the starter we ordered our main
Sceglilaparolacorretta.
t @tCook some water, and pour it into the cup.
2 We usually bake/fry the fish in oil.
3 At the end of the meal we paid the menu/bill.
4 I always buy fresh food because I don't llke iced/ftozenf.ood.
5 Could we have some more bread/loafplease?
6 The cook/cooker put the meat in the oven.
Abbina ognuna delle parole nel riquadro con una descrizione.
fork knife napkin plate
sp€€n
1 You can eat soup with this.
,P.g.q!!.
2 You put food on this and eat from it.
3 You can cut meat with this.
4 During meals, you can clean your hands
with this or put it on your lap.
5 You can carry food to your mouth with this.
313
I
aggettivo / sostantivo
f; suffisso i > verbi con il significato di"diventare" (acquisire la qualiti o la
I
I
suleet (dolce)
th19o1
.c_91d!zio,19i1qic_at9_Q,$,s-e-:!!iy99dgl:9st3n!!,-9,1
: -eO
!minaccia)
.
:
clarify (chiarie)
d i g n ify (rendere degno)
-ifv
clear (chiaro)
dignity (digniti)
aggettivo / sostantivo
+ suffisso I
I
I
legal(legale)
-tse
apology (scusa, difesg)
(o -ize)
sweeten (addolcire)
th reaten (minacciare)
> verbi che indicano il mettere in atto I realizzare quanto
espresso dall'aggettivo o dal sostantivo (spesso aggettivo /
sostantivo di origine greca o latina)
eg a I ise (legalizzare)
apologise (chiedere scusa)
I
NOTAOIE
Nel Brifish English si possono avere entrambe i suffissi -ize I -ise, ma la forma con il suffisso -ise d piir frequente; in American English si usa solo la forma con il suffisso -ize.
apologise / apologize (British English)
aggettivo
' careful (attento)
moln (principale)
, preposizione / sostantivo
back (dietro)
homg (capa)
l
+ suffisso
> avverbi generalmente di modo
-ly
ca refu
[+a.ol.-..-|
mai nly
+ suffisso
> avverbi che indicano direzione
@
I
ly (attentamente)
!prlncipalmente)
,
-wards
ackwa rd s (all'i nd ietro)
homewards {verso casa)
b
[+a.o]
i rrrntio
, prjpos'Iio_le | 1o{an!!vo I
' /ike (come)
c/ock (orologio)
apologize (American English)
,
> gvv_e-rb!,ch9-sig{!c3no,"come,
1et 1gnry
di, ne!!o s!9si,o 1oa9
ail
likewise (similmente)
-wise
clockwise (in senso orario)
Aggiungi i suffissi -en, -ify,-ise ai seguenti aggettivi e sostantivi per formare un verbo, poi traducilo.
0. black
blacken
I
a-nnerire
00. summary
r0. tight
I
l.
humid
13. military
14. quality
15. short
16. trauma
490
So/1\t'v\AflSe
rtassorv\ere
26.4
I
suffissi per formare verbi e avverbi
Aggiungi isuffissi -ly,-words,-wiseai seguentiaggettivi, sostantivie preposizioniperformare un avverbio,
poi traducilo.
0. slow
lentarmente
slowly
00. for
5.
6.
7.
8.
1. anxious
2. north
3. length
4. elegant
u avanti
forwards
out
furtive
width
crab
(ompleta la tabella.
0. care
1. create
cafe,
avverbio
sostantivo
aggeftivo
carer, carefo I ness
caring, carefo l, carel ess
verbo
creativity,
2. vary
3. explode
4. improve
5. remove
,
variant,
,
variance
,
explosiveness
,
improvability
,
removability,
carefolly
creative
,
varying
variously
remover
electrically
6.
electrification
Completa il brano, tratto da una storia difantascienza, inserendo in ognispazio una parola formata a partire da
quella data a fianco. Non puoi utilizzare la parola cosi come ti viene assegnata, ma devi modificarla.
When our world was half its present age, (0)
sormetklns swept through the Solar System,
left
SOME
thistoken1ofits(1)-,andwentagainuponitsway.Untilwedestroyedit,thatmachinePASS
and as to that purpose, here is my guess.
_;
About hundred thousand million stars turn in the circle of the (3)_Way,
and long
(4)
that we have reached.
ago other races from other suns must have scaled2 the
_
was still fuffilling the purpose of its (2)
BUILD
MILK
HIGH
Thinkofsuch(5)-,farbackintimeagainstthefading3afterglowaofthecreation,clVlL
masters of a Universe so young that life as yet had come only to a
(6)
of
worlds.
HAND
Theirswouldhavebeena(7)-wecannotimagine,the|one|inessofgodslookingLoNELY
outacroSs(8)-andfindingnonetosharetheirthoughts.TheymusthavesearchedlNFlNlTE
thestarclusters5aswehavesearchedtheplanets.(9)-therewouldbeworlds,butWHERE
theywouldbeemptyorpeopledwithcrawling,(10)-things'MlND
SuchwasourEarth,whenthatfirstshipofthepeopleofthedawncame(1r)-inSLlDE
fromtheabyssbeyondPluto.ltpassedthefrozen(12)-worlds,knowingthatlifeoUT
planets,
lN
could play no part in their destinies. lt came to rest among the (13)
(14) _
WARM
themselves around the fire of the Sun and waiting for their stories to begin.
Those (15)
must have looked on Earth, circling safely in the narrow zone between WANDER
fire and ice, and must have guessed that it was the (16)
of the Sun's children.
FAVOUR
(Abridged from:
A.C. Clarke, The Sentinel, Panther Books, 1 983)
Glossary ltoken = traccia;2scole = scalare; 3fode = svanire;aafterglow = ultimi bagliori del sole; scluster = ammasso
49r
[t Verbo modale con
lIYo
@ (not) very, quite, very, really +
well; s bit
Spesso si usano questi rafforzativi prima
dell'avverbio wellper precisare il livello di abilitd.
u/He/She/lUWeff h ey
Queste espressioni avverbiali vengono sempre poste
alla fine della frase.
l/You/He/5he/lt/Weffhey cannot(can't) dance.
>
l/yo u/he/she/iUwe/th ey
not very well non molto bene
Alison can't sing very well.
Alison non so cantore molto bene.
Affermalive
>
well obbostonzo bene
We can draw quite well.
Soppiomo disegnore obbostonzo bene.
>
very well molto bene
Adam can play tennis very well.
Adom so giocore o tennis molto bene.
>
really well veramente bene
Meg can cook really well.
Yes, l/you/he/she/iVwe/they can.
Negative
No, l/you/he/she/iUwe/they can't.
Con d un verbo modale. E invariabile per tutte le
persone e non aggiunge -s alla terza persona
singolare.
She can ski. Lei so sciore.
Meg so cucinore veromente bene.
NON She+eflsd</.
Con d sempre seguito dalla forma base del verbo.
They can sing. Sonno contore.
NON fhey ean te sing,
Con non usa doldon't o does/doesn't alle forme
interrogative e negative.
Can you cook? Soi cucinore?
NON
eeyeu.ee+eee*:
I can't speak
French.
3 Per dire un po' si usa a bit.
I can speak ltalian a bit.
So porlare un po' d'italiono.
Gl Aggettivo + ot + sostantivo
o verbo
1 Si usano i seguenti aggettivi per indicare quanto d
brava una persona a fare qualcosa. Vengono seguiti
da un sostantivo o da un verbo alla forma in -ing.
Non so porlore ilfroncese.
NoN@
r
Alla forma negativa si usa di solito la forma contratta
con't e non connot (che si usa soltanto nei contesti
pii formali e scritti).
swim.
He can't
>
Riesci o vedermi?
to + la forma base del
verbo per parlare di abilitd o capacitd. La forma
Si puo anche usare be oble
to.
to run ten kilometres.
negativa d be unoble
Lui
i
in grodo di correre dieci chilometri.
Al Present simple con d pii usato, ma si usa be able
to al futuro o al Present perfect dove non esiste una
forma equivalente di con.
I
will be able to meet you next weekend.
Potrd incontrorti il prossimo fine settimona.
I haven't been able to get tickets.
Non ho potuto prendere i biglietti.
I
rna
(obbostonzo/
>
not very good non molto brovo / scorso
Sam isn't very good at Biology.
Som non d molto brovo in biologio.
>
hopeless / useless / rubbish negdto / pessimo
They're useless at football.
Sono negoti per il colcio.
Non riesco od aprire questo scotolo.
He's able
good
nte / di sc reto m e nte) b rovo
l'm quite good at skiing.
Non d in grodo di guidore.
me?
e
Sono abbostanzo brovo o sciore.
I can't open this box.
Can you see
(quite/verylreallylpretty)
m o lto /v e ro m
)oe sa nuotare.
drive.
brilliant / great / fantastic
brovissimo / veromente portoto / molto copoce
Jane's brilliant at playing the piano.
Jane d brovissimo o suonore il pionoforte.
Con si usa per parlare di abilitd o capacitd.
Corrisponde a sopere, essere copoce/in grodo di,
potere e riuscire o in italiano.
Joe can
quite
El be
l*e
1
be like per parlare della personalitd di qualcuno.
Si usa
What's Dylan like? He's very friendly.
Com'd Dylon? E molto simpotico.
ffi
Non si usa How is he/she? (Com'd?l per informarsi
sulla personaliti di una persona. 5i usa invece per
chiedere della salute di una persona.
How's Richard? Come sta Richard?
g Think grammar
Suggestions
4
Complete these sentences from the
dialogue and answer the question.
Free-time activities with go
A Find one example of each of these
expressions in the dialogue and write them
in the table.
Making suggestions
1
What would you
2 Let's
3 What about
4 Why don't we
5 How shall we
6 How about
Which two expressions are followed by the -ing
form of the verb?
Accepting suggestions
OK. / Alright. (That's a) good/great idea!
That sounds like fun.
Rejecting suggestions
No, thanks. I Sorry, I can't.
Making an alternative suggestion
l'd rather go/l'd prefer to go for a walk.
b ttow write these expressions
in the
correct column above. Add o, qn or the
where necessary.
pizza cinema footballmatch swimming
shopping drink (ci$)centre bike ride
fishing takeaway park ice cream
C How do you say these expressions in
Italian?
Practice
5
O Use these words to write the dialogue.
How about / go / to the museum tomorrow?
How about..
/ thanks. l'd / do some sport.
A
OK. Why / we play tennis?
B That / sound / funl What time / we meet?
A
Let / meet at three o'clock.
d Use the expressions with go above to
write two short dialogues similar to the one
in exercise 5.
ln pairs. Now practise your dialogues.
Say it!
ln groups of three. Decide where to go and
what to do this afternoon. Choose from the
activities in the posters above. Agree on a
place and time to meet.
Begin like this:
What shall we do this afternoon?
b ln pairs.
Practise the dialogue.
Holidays
Where do you go for your holiday?
<t
a(
t
We go trekking
in the mountains.
i
We go sightseeing
in Europe.
Where do you stay?
We go carnping and sleep
We stay
334
in
a
hotel.
in a tent.
We rent an apartment.
I
Quale di questi sostantivi si usa con i gruppi di parole qui sotto?
holiday tourism trip
1
2
3
4
2
five-star, luxurious, air-conditioned, bed and
.......!.,plp.!
package, family, camping, adventure
mass,
international, expanding, eco-friendly
round-the-world, school, boat, coach
oxygen tank, ball, mask, flippers, wet suit
skis, sticks, goggles, boots, trunks
Collega ciascun verbo ad una parola o un'espressione.
a some photographs
1 send
b some postcards
2 hire
c
d
e
f
3do
4 take
5 goon
6 stay
4
breakfast
In ognuno di questi gruppi di parole c'd un intruso. Trovalo.
L tent, campsite,Grash helmObackpack, camper
2 umbrella, jumper, suntan lotion, towel, bikini
3
4
3
h€t€t
a
trip
acar
in a hotel
some sightseeing
Completa con una parola.
Gemma
I'd like to (1) ......q..... a holiday in Italy.
Travel agent Sure. Would you like a package holiday?
Gemma No, thanks. I'm just looking for a room in
a nice
hotel
(2)
the sea.
Travel agent (3) ............... in Italy?
Gemma I was thinking of Liguria.
Travel agent Right. I have this really nice three- (4) ............... hotel in Camogli,
seaside (5) ............... . You could
Gemma
I'd rather (6) ...............
a car
a
wonderful
fly to Genoa and take a train.
to travel around. I'm planning to do
a
lot of
(7) ............... How much would that be for a week inJuly?
Travel agent Let me see. That would be approximately f,600.
Gemma Great! I'll book it, then.
L
2
3
4
5
6
7
abuy
ain
aWhere
astar
abeach
abuy
atravels
btake
bby
bWhereabouts
bstars
bplace
bhire
bsightseeing
cbook
cat
cWhy
cstarred
ccity
clet
csights
dget
don
daob
dstarring
dresort
ddo
dvisits
*"::I*J
1
Speaking
2
ln pairs. Describe the photos.
tn pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
Use the expressions in the box to help you.
I
think they... They probably...
Perhaps they... They can...
1
How do you think rich and famous people spend
2
What do they do with their money?
their days?
3
How can celebrities use their money and fame
to help others?
Reading
3
Read the article and answer these questions.
1 ls Angelina Jolie a typical Hollywood star?
2 Who does she help?
Shet tall and
beautifulwith
long,dark brown
hair and blue eyes.
s She's an Oscar-
winning American film
actress
-
most famous as
Lara Croft. So,what's she like?
typical Hollywood star?
fantastic film offers,
luxurious holidays, movie premieres,
parties and gossip?
ls she a
to ls her life all
Wrong! Because Angelina Jolie
has got a second Jobi She is also a
dedicated goodwill ambassador'for
the United Nations Refugee Agency
(UNHCR). She uses her profile to
publicise the problem of refugees:
she meets government officials and
zo business leaders, and promotes
education about refugees in schools.
More importantly, Angelina Jolie
also regularly travels to countries like
ts
Cambodia, Namibia,Tanzania, Sierra
zs
Leone and Pakistan so that she can
see conditions for herself and meet
the refugees in person, particularly
women and children. She donates
a significant part of the money she
l0 earns from acting to this cause and
covers her own expenses when she
travels.
She says,'We cannot close ourselves
off to information and ignore the
35
fact that millions of people are out
there suffering.l honestly want to
help... I think we all want justice and
equality...'
are in fact over 20 million
refugees and displaced people in
the world. Ruud Lubbers, UN High
Commissioner for Refugees says
about Jolie,'She has helped make
the tragedy of refugees real to
4s everyone who will listen.'
Angelina Jolie is not the only star
who uses their profile to help
others. Bono,the lead singer of U2
campaigns for the reduction of Th
so World debt,Chris Martin,the lead
inger of Coldplay promotes Fair
Trade* and actress Nicole Kidman
the ambassador for UNICEF Austri
* FairTrade commercio equo
=
e
solidale
Vocabulary
4
Read the Study tip. Then find these words
in the article and try to guess their meaning
from the context.
1
refugee (1.16)
donates (1.28)
Listening
6 @ Listen to two British teenagers,
Anna
and Ben, talking about the voluntary work
they do. Write A (Anna) or B (Ben) in the
boxes for questions 1-5.
2
3 earns (1.30)
4 expenses (1.31)
5 equality (1.38)
6 campaigns (1.49)
t
U
strdv tio
cr"ttinghords from context
Per dedurre il significato di vocaboli sconosciuti
in un testo, considera questi fattori:
1
2
3
ll contesto
-
di che cosa tratta la frase /
paragrafo / il testo?
il
che parte del discorso d la
parola sconosciuta? Un verbo, un aggettivo,
un sostantivo, ecc?
La grammatica
What voluntary work do they do?
Works in a charity shop.
Works as a
-
Every day.
Once a week.
Guarda questo esempio tratto dall'articolo:
1
2
(1.
1
5).
Who do they go with?
-
tratta di un nome composto da good
(buono) e da will(volere, volontd) seguito da
Why do they do it?
La frase che segue spiega il ruolo di quel
lavoro: aiutare le persone. Si puo dunque
dedurre che ilvocabolo sconosciuto significa
'ambasciatore di buona volontd'.
Likes doing something positive for people.
5 What's the best part?
Getting thank-you letters and cards,
especially from the little kids.
Writing
2 Why does she travel to lots of countries?
3 What does she do with the money she earns?
4 Who pays when she travels for the
UN?
5 How many refugees and displaced people are
there in the world?
ls Angelina Jolie the only star who uses her
fame in this way?
b ln pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
1 Do you know any other famous people who use
2
Thinks rt's a fantastic experience.
Enjoys working with other people.
How does Angelina Jolie use her public profile
to help refugees?
6
Witfr a friend and other volunteers.
With two other people.
Making a lot of money for charity.
Cleaning the equipment and putting it away.
O Answer the questions.
1
Alone.
Si
Check
5
Three times a week.
Viene descritto il secondo 'lavoro' di Angelina
iolie alle Nazioni Unite (contesto della
diplomazia).
ombossodor.
3
on a hospital radio station.
How often do they do it?
ll contesto immediato - le frasi prima e dopo
possono offrire indizi riguardo il significato?
goodwill ombossodor
DJ
Helps disabled people go horse riding.
their fame to help others? What do they do?
What can 'ordinary' people do to help others?
fP--tr"ri;l
a @ Listen again. Make notes for Ben
about the following things:
> his show
> how long he works each day
> what he does on his show for the patients
b write a short text (75 words) describing
Ben's voluntary work as a radio DJ at the
!oca! hospital. Use your notes and the
information in exercise 6.
Ben works as a D/ on the /oca/hospita/radio
staton three times a week.
ffil
,..
ln
$"':
++
{a-
c
f
I l.l ll simple pos'tdl be
o Il simple past:
- esprime azioni concluse in un periodo di tempo completamente trascorso;
- d spesso accompagnato da espressioni di tempo come yesterday, last week / month / year,
two years
ago ecc.
Osserva la tabella con Ie forme del simple pa.sf del verbo be.
,louyel_e
hewos
'r
i itwos
i
----
y W€
*
WQf€
!-*----
were
ytheywere
I you
t!-guwelgnot )lguwelgl't.w-?reyo,ui
,
hewasnot hewasn't
:
ylyas
not _ _ l!y!:n't _
i we were
i you were
not
not
contratta)
Yes,t/he/she/itwas.
lyeygyl we /you f tlyy wery.
o
,fvas
weren't
weren't
theywerenot theyweren't
it-Short answer affermativa (mai
N[
we
you
t,
itl
: Were we?
you?
lWerethey?
',
Were
'
Wasn't he?
i!?
,Wasn;'t
: Weren't we?
'1
Weren't you?
Weren'tthey?
Short onswer negativa (sempre contratta)
No,
-T-
Woshe?
, Weren't yoy?
l/he/she/itwasn't.
i No, you / we / you / they weren't.
Ilsimplepas.tdelverbobe,comequellodeglialtriverbi,vieneresoinitalianoconl'imperfetto,ilpassato
prossimo o il passato remoto, a seconda delle situazioni.
Garret was in London last week.
Garret era / d stato a Londra la scorsa settimana
Essi non erano / non sono stati a casa ieri.
Non fu / Non e stata una brutta idea.
They weren't at home yesterday.
It wasn't a bad idea.
NOTA CHE
1
La forma negativa contratta si usa di piir di quella non contratta.
2
Il verbo
be si ulilizza al simple pasf sia nei suoi usi normali (per esempio, per esprimere l'eth), sia nei
suoi usi particolari If f .s].
When Monict wAs two, she was blondeIt was hot and I was very thirsty.
Quando Monica aveva due anni, era bionda.
Faceva caldo e avevo molta sete.
Be born ("nascere") si usa al simple past quando si indica dove o quando d nato qualcuno. Se ci si riferisce all'atto del nascere in generale, allora be born pud essere usato anche al simple present.
were you born? B I was born on 4th
Lots of white kittens are born deaf or blind.
A When
L?4
May.
A Quando sei nata? B Sono nata il 4 maggio.
Molti gattini bianchi nascono sordi o ciechi.
I l. I
ll simfle post di be
Sottol i nea l'alternativa corretta.
0.
When Emily was
1.
Jack's parents was / were in Brighton
last weekend.
5.
A Where are / were you born?
6. lt was / wasn't so cold and I was / am really tired.
7. This time last month, my cousins were / was
2.
a
B
/
are a little girl, she liked turtles.
lam,/was born in London.
3. lt wasn't / weren't a very nice thing to do!
4. They weren't / were at home yesterday.
Lots of people was / were at the End
of
Term party.
here at our house.
8.
They were out shopping.
Two years ago, Josh was / were seeing
another girl.
(ompleta le frasi con wos o werc.
0. You were
1.
2.
3.
at football training yesterday.
_
00.
She wa.s
Sophie and Harry
very hungry
after school.
You two
very rude to
Mrs Radcliffe yesterday.
4. Lily
Charlotte
6.
_
born on February 29th.
ill last Monday.
_
very upset about her
parents'divorce.
wet and cold in the woods
_
this morning.
The Harris twins
18 last month.
5. It
Yolgi le frasi dell'esercizio 2 nella forma interrogativa, negativa e interrogativa-negativa.
O. Were yoo at footballtrainins yesterd,ay?
Yoct werent at footballtrainins yesterd,ay
oo. Wa,s ske ill la,st uondayz
ske wasnt ill ta,st uonday.
Wa.s ske iil la,st Hohday?
Werent yoo at footballtrainins yesterd,ay?
Silvie parla di suo figlio Sean con la madre; Sean ha 6 mesi e ieri ha pianto tutto il giorno. Completa il dialogo
con le seguenti parole e il verbo be al simple past (in forma affermativa, negativa o intenogativa).
anxious o tired o hot o hungry
.
matter o thirsty
SILVIE Sean cried the whole day yesterday. l'm exhausted!
(0) wa-s
(1)_with
him?
(2)_
(3) _.
MUMButyesterdayitwasquitecold.(4)-he(5)-?
MUM
What
the
SILVIE I don't know. Maybe he
slLVlEldon,tthinkso.Henevercrieswhenheishungry.Andhe(6)-(7)-,either.
MUM(8)-youworriedaboutsomething?Sometimesbabiespickupontheirmum,sbadtemper...
slLvlENq|(9)-.l(10)-justabit(11)-.Youknow...havingababyistiring.'.
MUM Where(12)_Mark?
SILVIE He (13)
at home. He is working hard at the moment and he's not at home much.
MUMWell,lthinkhe(14)(15)-becausehisfather(16)-around.
SILVIE Perhaps you're right. When Mark gets home, Sean usually stops crying straight away.
Traduci le seguenti frasi.
1. A Perch6 eri cos) nervoso ieri? B Perch6 c'era un test a scuola. 2. A ll quiz (quiz game) non d stato mol-
to difficile. B Sei stato fortunato (lucky)l Le tue domande erano molto facili! 3. Quando Karina era
una bambina, era triste (safl quando le sue amiche non erano con lei. 4. A Quel cappotto era orrendo
(awfut)! B Si, hai ragione. Era dawero fuori moda (old-fashioned). S. n Cosa avevi ieri? B Ero annoiato.
6. A Perch6 sei stata cosi maleducata (rude) con (to) Iui la scorsa notte? B Perch6 era di nuovo in ritardo!
7. I Coopers erano qui ieri e sono stato felice di incontrarli. 8. Ricordo Garret molto bene. Era uno dei miei
studenti preferiti perchd era molto intelligente e originale.
1?5
11.4 I simple postdei verbi regolori e iregolori
Formo offermstivo
o ll simple pasf esprime azioni concluse
in un periodo di tempo completamente trascorso. Ci sono due
tipi di verbi e il loro simple past in forma affermativa si forma in due modi diversi (non ci sono, invece,
differenze per la forma interrogativa e quella negativa):
-
verbi regolari: forma base + -ed
play
verbi irregolari: forme proprie
run > ran; bring > brought; understand > understood
>
played; call > called; start > started
NOTA (HE
Per sapere se un verbo d irregolare, consulta la lista dei principali verbi irregolari IiRppendix, p.525]. La
seconda elaterzavoce del paradigma sono il simple past e il past participle (participio passato). Il simple past e
/ cooked); il simPle past e I past participle
bought)
o forme diverse (eat / ate / eaten).
/
il past participle dei verbi regolari hanno la stessa forma (cook / cooked
dei verbi irregolari possono avere la stessa forma (buy
/
bought
Formo offermotivo dei verbi regolori
,
Forml
!3-se
+ -ed pel
tutte !! pgsgne
I
/ you / he / she / it / we / you / they played tennis very well.
Ruby x,ot7.4 her car last Saturday.
Tlrcy missed the bus yesterday morning.
Ruby ha lavato la sua auto sabato scorso.
Hanno perso I'autobus ieri mattina.
Osserva Ie variazioni ortografiche che si verificano con l'aggiunta di -ed.
I
I
verbi terminanti in -e
aggiungono -d
I
verbi terminanti in
cambiano
consonante+-y
I
live > lived, close > closed
la-yin-i
verbi terminanti in vocate +
-y
lverbi monosillabici
terminanti con 1 vocale
+1 consonante
,
-ed
raddoppiano la
aggiungono
play > played, enjoy > enjoyed
consonante e
stop > stopped, plan > planned
MA: il verbo clean non raddoppia perch6 ha due vocali:
cleon > cleaned
aggiungono-ed
verbi bisiltabici terminanti raddoppiano la
con t vocale + I consonante consonante e
e accentati sull'ultima sillaba r aggiungono -ed
I
lverbi terminanti con
1
carry > carried, study > studied
, eaggiungono-ed
vocale
+1
raddoppiano
e
I lvebri terminanti in -c
la
-I
aggiungono-ed
aggiungono
-ked
prefer > preferred, refer > referred
MA: ilverbooffer non raddoppia perche
l'accento cade sulla prima sillaba: o ffer > offered
travel > travelled, cancel > cancelled
MA: i verbi terminanti con duevocali + /non raddoppiano:
reveal > revealed. Fanno eccezionefuel > fuelled, dial > dialle:
panic > panicked, mimic > mimicked
Formo offermotivo dei verbi irregolori
I verbi irregolari hanno forme proprie di simple pasf. La forma
i;';'b";;
eat
see
come
_
i si;ipr"
.: piit i E*'rpi.
qte
I ate an ice cream an hour ago.
saw
You saw me last
came
Maisie came to the party late.
i--
.h!n?
cut
r76
month.
hod
They had a dog some years
cut
He
cut
his finger yesterday.
E
uguale per tutte le persone.
Ho mangiato un gelato unbra fa.
Mi hai visto il mese scorso.
ago.
Maisie d arrivata tardi alla festa.
Avevano un cane qualche anno fa.
Si d
tagliato un dito ieri.
:
I 1.3
tl
simple past dei verbi regolari e irregolarl
Completa !e frasi con Ia forma affermativa del simple posf dei verbi tra parentesi.
0. Scarlett called,
(call) me yesterday.
(enjoy)
1. Leo
2. The detective
party.
case
himself at the
(solve) the
quickly.
(offer) me a good job.
3. They _
(travel) a lot last year.
4. We very
5.
6.
7.
8.
(study) hard last year.
(stop) suddenly.
Luca
The car
_
She
_
(reveal) the truth too late.
There was a fire in the school and everybody
-
(panic).
Completa Itlenco (on la forma base o il simple post dei seguenti verbi.
post forma base I simple post
7. read_
o. build boitt
OO. cry cried 8. help
forma base I simple
9.
1. eat
2. oo
prefer
rang
13.
6.
14. hear
11.
12. come
drank
_
_wrote
21.
22.
25. break
26. get
27. answer
28. _
said
29. _thought
30. _
lied
worked
18.
19. take
fought
20.
annoyed
forma base I simple past
23. do
24. stop
felt
16.
17.
10. forget
3. buy
4. start
5.
forma base I simple past
15. develop
woke
_swam
_regretted
(ompleta le frasi con la forma affermativa del simple posf dei verbi tra parentesi.
0.
Macey evmailed, her assignment. (email)
1. l_
her number. (know)
2. The flight _
on time. (arrive)
Jen our secret. (tell)
3. Jack and I _
4. Kelly _
a really pretty dress. (wear)
all the lettuce. (eat)
5. Nicholas _
bed
early. (go)
6. She _to
lunch together. (have)
7. Sam and NickSpanish well once. (speak)
8. We
(ompleta la biografia dell'artista Justin Timberlake con la forma affermativa del simple past dei seguenti verbi.
become. meet o sell o bebe+n o obtain . goon . continue o form
finance o donate o found o create r play
ustin Timberlake (0) wa-s born on fanuary
famous
3 l, 1981 in Memphis. He (1 )
as a contestant on Star Search and then he
(2)
to star in the television series Tfte
-
New Mickey Mouse Club, where he
(3)
his future bandmate )C Chasez.
Tosether. thev
the bov band
'N Svnc'. However, he
success
-
(4)
(5)
in2002,
- $'ith his solo album lustified,
which
(5)
about seven million
copies worldwide.
Timberlake (7)
success with his
second solo album, Future Sex/Love Sounds.lrtstin
Timberlake also has an acting career. He
(8)
in-his
such films as The Social Network
and Bad Teacher. Loved by his fans, Timberlake
(9)
a fashion label and (10)
. star. open
two restaurants in New York, Destino and
Southern Hospitality.
Last but not least, Timberlake is very active
in
the
charitable pursuits. 1n2002 he (1 1)
"Justin Timberlake Foundation' which
(12)
music education programs in
schools; in 2007 he
(13)
tournament
-
in
a
solf
-
to raise
funds for Hospitals for
Children and, for the
sarne cause,
in 2009 he
(14)-overgmillion
dollars. Handsome,
talented and full of
good feelings...
what else?
-
-
t77
Forme negotivo, interrogotivo e interrogotivo-negotivo L, ., ,.,: -.. . sil lj!{s*'-,,;".-i
dei verbi regolori e inegolori
La forma negativa, interrogativa e interrogativa-negativa dei verbi regolari e dei verbi irregolari si
costruisce allo stesso modo, e ciod con l'ausiliare did + verbo alla forma base. La forma d la stessa per
tutte le persone.
Osserva le seguenti tabelle sulle forme del simple past.
Negativa
lnterrogativa
I
non contratta / contratta
mai contratta
sempre contratta
did not play / didn't play
Did+sogg.+play?
did not eat / didn't eot
l
t
nterrogativa-negativa
Didn't + sogg.
+
play?
Didn't+sogg.+eot?
Did + sogg. + eot?
Short answer affermativa (mai contratta)
Short answer negativa (sempre contratta)
,
Yes,+sogg.+did.
No, + sogg. +
didn't.
You didn't revise History well yesterday.
Non hai ripassato bene storia ieri.
A Will d andato a Londra Io scorso mese? B No.
A Did Will go to London last month? B No, he didn'tA Didn't they open that shop last year? B Yes, they did. A Non hanno aperto quel negozio l'anno scorso? B Si.
NOTA (HE
Dopo did il verbo
d
sempre alla forma base (mai
#f+@
odi*tsa-ate?).
ll simple pdst con le wh- queslions
Nelle frasi interrogative con una wh- question, l'ordine delle parole d il seguente:
question + did + soss. +_verboI wh-
)
y.y,:!:Uo:
q: y:t::,d_y?
Dove sei andato ieri?
Ricorda che con who e what si usa l'ausiliare did se who e what hanno funzione di oggetto, mentre non si
usa se hanno funzione di soggetto [+q.r].
Who did you invite yesterday?
Who invited you yesterday?
>
>
(who
(who
oggetto)
soggetto)
Chi hai invitato ieri?
Chi ti ha invitato ieri?
Usi del simple posl
o Il simple pasf si usa per:
- esprimere azioni concluse
in un periodo di tempo completamente trascorso (spesso con espressioni
di tempo come yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week I month I year, two minutes I an hour I
three days I five years ago);
I didn't pass the Russian exam last year.
Non ho superato l'esame di russo Io scorso anno.
Kelly d andata al mare due giorni fa.
Kelly went to the seaside two days ago.
-
narrare fatti storici o di fantasia avvenuti nel passato;
Victoria became queen in 18j7.
Arthur drew the sword out of the stone.
Vittoria divento regina nel
Arthur
descrivere una sequenza di eventi passati
[+zs.t ].
First he took his shoes and socks off. Then
walked barefoot on the grass. After that...
he
178
1837.
estrasse la spada dalla roccia.
Prima si d tolto scarpe e calzini. Poi ha
camminato scalzo sull'erba. Dopo...
I l.A
ll simpte post dei
verbi regolari e irregolari
(ompleta le frasi con la forma negativa del simple pasf dei seguenti verbi.
study o go
0. You d,ld,n't sdtd,y
.
make o do o stop o play o take o drink
r
cut
Maths yesterday.
into the room so as not to wake her.
videogames online all night!
all the orange juice yesterday evening.
very well in her English test.
a short holiday last month.
the cake for my birthday last year.
its paw on that broken glass.
at the traffic lights.
1. He
2. We
3. Jayden
4. Marsha
5. They
6. Mum
7. The dog
8. The car
Yolgi le frasi dell'esercizio 10 nella forma interrogativa e interrogativa-negativa del simple past.
i
O. Did,
yoo stod,y Yratks yesterd,ay?
/ Dld,nt yoo stctd.y uatks yesterd,ay?
Utilizza le parole date per comporre delle frasi al simple post.
0. Kai/noteat/anything/atfunch
/.
K.tid,ld,nt eat anytkins at lonck.
1. they / meet / their friends / yesterday / .
2. you / get up / at7 a.m. / last Sunday / ?
3. we / not leave / by train / two days ago / .
4. Chloe / have / a holiday / last summer / ?
il
5. she / not read / my message / yesterday / ?
6. Jack / hear / a strange noise / last night / .
7. he / not come / to the cinema / with you / ?
8. Lacey / not explain / to me / the whole story / .
RisponAi alle seguenti domande in modo personale con una frase dialmeno cinque parole.
1. Who told you which page to work on?
2.
3.
4.
5.
5.
7.
8.
How did you get to school yesterday?
Where did you spend your last Christmas?
Why did you decide to do this exercise?
When was the last time you read an English book?
What time did you get up last Sunday morning?
How old was your mother on her last birthday?
How long did it take you to do your homework today?
E Formula delle domande con la parola interrogativa data, in modo da ottenere (ome risposta !a parte sottolineata
della frase.
0. Somebody gave Florence a new pencil-case. Wko .1ave Florence a new penctll-case?
00. I gave my pen to June. Wko d.id, yot-t .qive yoor pen to?
1. Somethinq smelled off in your fridge.
2. Joshua wrote a letter to somebody.
3. Somebodv phoned me late last night.
4. Harry broke an ornament at Libby's house.
5. Oliver and Evie went somewhere for the hols!
6.
7.
Jessica took my coat home by mistake.
The passengers clapped_as the plane landed.
8. Emily said somethinq
horrible to Grace.
What
Who
?
Who
What
Where
Who
?
What
What
?
?
7
?
?
179
irrdl$li$hiiir/fr BLsiilil$,ilinff lilEiill)il
o
\
;i
r,irirl,.ii"-
i i,'
rriri
Alsimplepastnonsiusahavegot,mahaye.Havebunverboirregolare (have,had,naA)l)s.l,s.gl.
When we lived in the countryside, we had three dogs. Quando vivevamo in campagna, avevamo tre cani.
Abbiamo pranzato al ristorante perch6
non avevamo nulla da mangiare a casa.
Avevi una bici quando avevi otto anni?
We had lunch at the restqurant because we
didn't have anything to eat at home.
Did you have a bicycle when you were eight?
o
Il verbo do, quando non ha funzione di ausiliare, significa "fare".
Abbiamo fatto una traduzione ieri.
Ero pigra e non facevo nessuno sport.
Hai fatto i compiti domenica scorsa?
We did a translation yesterday.
I was lazy and I didn't do any sport.
Did you do your homework last Sunday?
t
Non si usa mai did con il verbo
be.
A Eri a casa ieri?
B No, non ero a casa.
A Were you at home yesterday?
B
E un verbo irregolare (do, did, done).
No, I wasn't at home.
o Il simple past di solito si usa per riferirsi a eventi che sono awenuti nel passato,
ma lo si pud usare
anche nel presente per rendere un'affermazione o una richiesta meno diretta.
A Hi Ava, are you busy? I wanted to talk to you
about a problem I have.,.
8 Ok, what's up?
A Ciao Ava, hai da fare? Volevo parlarti di
un problema che ho...
B Ok, cosa c'd?
Osserva le seguenti tabelle riassuntive sulla forma e sull'uso del simple past.
Forma
affermativa
verbi regolari (+ -ed)
l,
you, he, she, it, we, you, they ployed
verbi irregolari (forma propria)
l,
you, he, she, it, we, you, they ate
Tgly"
_
interrogativa
U"r,hr,thr,ir,*",y
D,!5ggs.1ptay / eat?
-_
verbi regolari e irregolari
in$rrgg1.,r1-Iesativa
sh
ort answer affermativa
?idil!:':-sp::t!l!:'tL
Yes,
+ sogg.+ did.
No,+sogg.+didn't.
short answer negativa
Uso
Esempio
1. azioni concluse nel passato
We didn't eat any meat at lunch yesterday.
Non abbiamo mangiato carne a pranzo ieri.
2. narrazione di fatti storici
Hemingway fought in the Spanish Civil War in 1936.
Hemingway combatt6 nella Guerra Civile Spagnola nel I936.
o di fantasia
3. azioni in sequenza nel passato
First I mode the sauce. Then I cooked the meatballs.
Prima ho fatto il sugo. Poi ho cucinato le polpette.
Slad, r d,ld,nt kave to fi5kt l.n aty war,
T'rn 5la-d, T d,i.d,nt kave to p[ck op a Soh,
T'rn qlad. T d.ld.nt qet kt:lled, or klt sormebod,v.
r koie rmy klds
tke sarwe lack of , inkood,,72
33t'r^
"d)oy
Tom Hanks, Arnerican actor (1956)
r80
fl$
d't
-
I
ii
I 1.4
l simpte
past dei
verbi regolari e irregolari
Coneggi Ie seguenti frasi.
0. She hadn't got time to talk to
me. ske d,ldnt kave ttlrne
1. Why didn't you the gardening yesterday?
2. Hadn't you a black sports car?
3. You're wrong! Clarissa didn't had long hair!
4. l'm sure they didn't their duty!
to talk to
rme,
5. They didn't be worried. They were upset!
6. We didn't any test last week.
7. A Did you have a yellow shirt? B No, I hadn't.
8.
We hadn't either coffee or tea.
Hilary, laurie e Paul sono rientrati a! lavoro dopo Ie ferie e pa]lano delle vacanze appena trascorse. Completa il
dialogo conil simple past dei verbi tra parentesi.
PAUL
(O)Dd, yoo kave (youlhave)a good holiday?
(go) to Greece with some friends.
Yes, thankyou. I (1)
(itlbe) like? (3)
(you /enjoy) yourselves?
What (2)
HILARY
Yes,
PAUL
PAUL
HILARY
we (4)
(relax) and I (5)
(not/do) anything, just the beach
(you /spend) your holidays?
HILARY
and sunbathing. And you, Paul, where (6)
(go) to Australia with my wife.
t (7)
To Australia!!WowlWhat a cool place to go! How long (8)
PAUL
Well, we only (9)
LAURIE
in December. But... Laurie... Whatt wrong? Why that long face?
(not/have) a real holiday! I (11)
Well,l (10)
(12)
(you /stay) there?
(stay) for two weeks this time but we are hoping to go again
(stay) at home and
(look after) everybody. You knory it's difficult to get away with three children...
Peter deve scrivere una relazione sugli eventi ac(aduti nel 1994, l'anno in cui
i
nato, e chiede aiuto al padre.
Completa il dialogo conil simple part dei seguenti verbi.
end o
PETER
DAD
PETER
DAD
beat. go. beborn. happen o release o begin(x2) o die(x2) o listen
kappened,in 1994? I have to write
Letmethink... 1994... firstof allyou (1)_!
Dad, what (O)
a project report on events in that year.
_(any
(3)
Come on Dad, it's not a report about me! For example, (2)
1994... I remember that there was still the war in Bosnia - it
wars) that year?
in 1995 - and a
dreadfulwar(4)inRwanda.800,000people(5)-injustafewmonths.
PETER
That's awful. Wars are always such a tragedy. Well... I also have to include something light-hearted.
(teenogers) to? Were the Beatles still around then?
For example music? What music
DAD
No,thatWasa9esbefore-whenlwasachild!ln1994youngpeople(7)-tothe
concertsofthe,,newBeatles,iagroupcalledoasis.They(a)-theirfirstalbumandit
(6)
PETER
DAD
PETER
was top of the charts.
And what about sport? Was there the World Cup that year?
Yes,therewas...Brazil(9)-ltalyinthefinal.ButthemoStimportantsporteVentin
1994wasatragedy.AyrtonSenna,oneofthegreatestF1racingdrivers(10)-inan
accident at lmola.
Yeah, I remember seeing replays of the accident on TV. What a shame!Well, thanks dad. Now l've
got loads of things to look up and write about.
Traduci Ie seguenti frasi.
1. ll padre di Pete non gli ha concesso (allow) di uscire ieri. 2. Nelly e Rob hanno annunciato (onnounce) illoro
fidanzamento (engagement) lo scorso sabato. 3. Non capisco perch6 hanno rifiutato Vefuse) la mia richiesta
per (application for) un prestito (loan). 4. Lei ha detto al marito della sua decisione di lavorare part-time e lui ha
approvato (approve).5.1 mieiamici hanno organizzalo la festa in pocotempo. 6.A Haicomprato i biglietti per
il concerto, ieri? B No, non erano piir (any longer, alla fine della frase) disponibili (available). 7. Ho visto Sabrina
due ore fa. Era con un uomo calvo (bold). 8. A Come ti sei rotto la gamba? B Sono scivolato (s/rp) sul ghiaccio.
l8r