AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT IS A TINY ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT USED TO PERFORM A SPECIFIC ELECTRONIC FUNCTION, SUCH AS AMPLIFICATION. THE INTEGRATED CIRCUIT IS USUALLY COMBINED WITH OTHER COMPONENT TO CREATE A MORE COMPLEX SYSTEM. IT IS FORMED INTO A SINGLE UNIT BY DIFFUSING IMPURITIES INTO SINGLE- CRYSTAL SILICON (? MA SEI SICURO?), WHICH SERVES THEN AS A SEMICONDUTTOR MATERIAL, BY CARVING THE SILICON THROUGH ELECTRONIC BEAMS. Traduzione: Un circuito integrato è un minuscolo circuito elettronico utilizzato per eseguire una specifica funzione elettronica, come l'amplificazione, specialmente affiancata ad altre componenti per formare un sistema più complesso. E' formato in una singola unità, diffondendo impurità nel CRISTALLO DI SILICIO (sicuro di averlo scritto bene?) che funziona come un materiale semiconduttore, incidendo il silicio attraverso dei fasci elettronici. PROGRAM TESTING BOTTOM-UP TESTING, WHERE INDIVIDUAL MODULES ARE TESTED IN A STANDALONE FASHION. THEN INDIVIDUAL MODULES ARE COMBINED TOGHETHER INTO LANGER UNITS AND TESTED TOGHETHER, AND FINALL Y A SYSTEM TEST IS PERFORMED ON THE COMPLETE SYSTEM. TRANSLATING AND RUNNING PROGRAMS THE TEXT TYPED IN BY THE PROGRAMMER IS KNOWN AS SOURCE CODE. THEN IT HAS TO BE TRANSLATED INTO MACHINE CODE WHICH THE COMPUTER CAN EXECUTE. THE TRANSLATION PROCESS IS PERFORMED BY A PROGRAM CALLED A COMPILER, AND THE OUTPUT PROVIDED BY THIS PROCESS IS CALLED THE OBJECT CODE. AN EDITOR IS A PART OF SOFTWARE THAT ALLOWS THE PROGRAMMER TO ENTER AND EDIT A PROGRAM TEXT.