Spring - JUnit Integration

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Spring - JUnit Integration
Quando si procede allo sviluppo di un'applicazione è importante riuscire a predisporre dei test specifici per le funzionalità che si
andranno a implementare. Questo modello è chiamato Test Driven Development ed è molto utile per predisporre il progetto a test di
regressione automatici, anche effettuati da strumenti disponibili per il continuous integration (ex: Jenkins).
In Java, per predisporre questi test possiamo far uso di JUnit, già discusso in un articolo precedente. In questo articolo vediamo
come sfruttare le potenzialità di Spring per predisporre dei test e attivare dei test specifici per ambiente. L'esempio mostra come
configurare i bean tramite XML, facendo riferimento anche all'alternativa Java.
- Creare un progetto Maven con il seguente POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>it.jpinup</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring-test</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<build>
<sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/test</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>jboss-public-repository-group</id>
<name>JBoss Public Repository Group</name>
<url>http://repository.jboss.org/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
<updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
<updatePolicy>daily</updatePolicy>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
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<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2) Creare package it.jpinup.service, con la classe seguente all'interno
package it.jpinup.service;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
public class AuthenticationService {
private String username;
private String password;
@PostConstruct
public void init(){
System.out.println("Start");
}
public boolean login(String username,String password){
if (username.equals(this.username) && password.equals(this.password)){
return true;
}
return false;
}
@PreDestroy
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public void destroy(){
System.out.println("End");
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
3) Creare all'interno di it/jpinup/config (risorsa) il seguente file di configurazione, dove sono definiti due profili, uno per l'ambiente
di sviluppo e l'altro per l'ambiente di produzione.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<beans profile="svi">
<bean class="it.jpinup.service.AuthenticationService">
<property name="username" value="test"></property>
<property name="password" value="test"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
<beans profile="prod">
<bean class="it.jpinup.service.AuthenticationService">
<property name="username" value="username"></property>
<property name="password" value="password"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
</beans>
4) Creare la classe di test, che chiameremo SpringTest.
Notare
@ RunWith, annotation necessaria per dare a Spring la responsabilità di occuparsi di avviare i test e gestire i Bean.
@ContextConfiguration: indica il file di configurazione dei bean
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@ ActiveProfiles: indica il profilo attivo, in questo caso "SVI"
package it.jpinup.config;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import it.jpinup.service.AuthenticationService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:it/jpinup/config/ SpringTest-config.xml")
@ActiveProfiles("svi")
public class SpringTest {
@Autowired
private AuthenticationService AuthenticationService;
@Test
public void testLoginSvi() {
assertTrue(AuthenticationService.login("test", "test"));
}
@Test
public void testLoginProd() {
assertTrue(AuthenticationService.login("username", "password"));
}
}
5) Avviare il test e osservare che il primo test ha esito positivo mentre il secondo negativo.
6) Provare ad attivare il profilo "prod", ottenendo il risultato contrario.
Se si vuole configurare il bean del service tramite Java Config (sfruttando @Configuration), sostituiamo il file xml con due file
Java:
- SviConfig.java
- ProdConfig.java
SviConfig.java
package it.jpinup.config;
import it.jpinup.service.AuthenticationService;
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
@Configuration
@Profile("svi")
public class SviConfig {
@Bean public AuthenticationService authenticationService(){
AuthenticationService authenticationService = new AuthenticationService();
authenticationService.setUsername("test");
authenticationService.setPassword("test");
return authenticationService;
}
}
ProdConfig
package it.jpinup.config;
import it.jpinup.service.AuthenticationService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
@Configuration
@Profile("prod")
public class ProdConfig {
@Bean public AuthenticationService authenticationService(){
AuthenticationService authenticationService = new AuthenticationService();
authenticationService.setUsername("username");
authenticationService.setPassword("password");
return authenticationService;
}
}
Il test diventerà
package it.jpinup.config;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import it.jpinup.service.AuthenticationService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
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import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes={SviConfig.class,ProdConfig.class})
@ActiveProfiles("svi")
public class SpringTest {
@Autowired
private AuthenticationService AuthenticationService;
@Test
public void testLoginSvi() {
assertTrue(AuthenticationService.login("test", "test"));
}
@Test
public void testLoginProd() {
assertTrue(AuthenticationService.login("username", "password"));
}
}
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